Al-Mg-Zn-Cu合金时效过程中的显微组织、力学性能及其强化机制EI北大核心CSCD

新型T-Mg_(32)(Al,Zn,Cu)_(49)相强化的Al-Mg-Zn-Cu合金表现出优异的力学性能,本文以Al-4.39Mg-2.78Zn-0.42Cu合金为研究对象,对合金时效过程中的显微组织和力学性能进行研究,并揭示Al-Mg-Zn-Cu合金的强化机制。结果表明:随着第二阶段140℃时效时间的增加,合金的显微组织由尺寸细小的Guinier-Preston(GP)区逐渐析出T相,析出相的尺寸不断增大,数量密度逐渐降低。拉伸测试结果表明:时效过程中合金的强度先升高后降低;在峰时效(90℃,48 h)+(140℃,16 h)状态下,合金的屈服强度为338 MPa。强化机制分析表明:T相析出强化以及Mg溶质原子的固溶强化和细晶强化分别对合金屈服强度贡献了284.8 MPa、55.6 MPa、12.2 MPa,说明了Al-Mg-Zn-Cu合金的主要强化机制为析出强化。     

时效制度对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr合金组织和性能的影响

采用硬度、电导率、拉伸性能、撕裂性能等性能测试和差示扫描量热(DSC)、透射电镜(TEM)等分析方法研究单级时效和多级断续时效对高Cu/Mg比Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr合金组织和性能的影响.结果表明与T6态合金相比,多级断续时效处理在保持合金强度、硬度和电导率同时,显著提高合金的断裂韧性;160℃单级时效过程中,Ω和θ′相同时析出;断续时效第一级和第三级时效的主要析出相与单级时效的类似,第二级低温时效过程中,θ′相明显析出,未出现明显的Ω相析出特征.     

时效处理对Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Zr-3.0Gd生物降解镁合金组织、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能的影响

通过金相显微分析(OM)、扫描电镜观察(SEM)、透射电镜观察(TEM)和拉伸性能测试研究不同时效时间对Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Zr-3.0Gd生物镁合金显微组织及力学性能的影响,通过质量损失和电化学方法研究合金在模拟体液(SBF)中的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:时效时间为4~20 h时,合金中析出相的尺寸及数量随时效时间的延长而增加,析出相主要以纳米级棒状和颗粒状的(Mg,Zn)3Gd相形式存在,部分棒状析出相与α-Mg基体具有共格界面关系。合金的强度及伸长率随时效时间的延长先升高后降低。在120 h的浸泡实验中,合金的平均腐蚀速率、点蚀孔洞的数量及孔洞尺寸随时效时间的延长而逐渐增大,腐蚀速率随浸泡时间延长呈现出先减小、后增大、再缓慢减小以及最后趋于稳定的过程。     

长期时效对GH4586B合金组织及室温拉伸性能的影响

利用扫描电镜对GH4586B合金在750℃下时效1500 h过程中的显微组织和室温拉伸断口进行观察分析。结果表明,GH4586B合金在时效过程中无有害TCP相(拓扑密堆相)析出,晶内析出尺寸差异较大的两种γ′相粒子,随着时效时间的延长,大尺寸的γ′相逐渐长大,形貌由球形逐步转变为方形,且间距也逐渐变大,这种γ′相析出的特征有利于合金强韧性的匹配;合金在室温下随着时效时间的延长,强度和塑性发生变化,时效500 h后合金具有较好的强度和塑性的匹配,这与γ′相析出的形貌、分布、数量直接相关;通过室温拉伸断口的形貌分析,合金断裂均具有塑性断裂特征。     

长期时效对镍基合金的组织及高温拉伸性能的影响

研究了一种新型镍基合金在750 ℃、800 ℃、850 ℃长期时效过程中的高温拉伸性能与组织变化的关系.利用扫描电子显微镜对合金长期时效过程中的显微组织、高温拉伸断口进行了观察和分析.结果表明,该合金在750～800 ℃时效有针状TCP相析出;在750 ℃时效时,随着时效时间的延长,TCP相的析出量呈增加趋势且尺寸不断长大,当时效温度达到800 ℃后,随时效时间的增加TCP相的析出量先增加后减少,最后消失.另外,在长期时效过程中由于γ＇相析出的数量变化不大,750 ℃高温拉伸强度基本保持不变;合金的塑性与TCP相的析出有关,同时受到γ＇相尺寸及晶界碳化物析出的综合影响.试验合金的750 ℃高温断裂基本呈韧性断裂.     

预压缩变形对Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Cr-Cu合金时效析出行为的影响

本文采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM),系统研究了经6%和12%预压缩变形处理后Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Cr-Cu合金在时效过程中的第二相析出行为。研究结果发现,预变形量对Zr合金时效析出行为有显著的影响,在相同的时效条件下,预压缩变形量为12%的合金第二相粒子平均尺寸比6%的合金小约10nm;600℃下时效时,Zr合金的第二相粒子平均尺寸与预变形量呈线性反比关系。透射电镜分析结果表明,合金在500℃低温时效30min时先析出含有少量Cu元素的正交结构Zr3Fe相;当时效1800min后,除了大尺寸的Zr3Fe外还有六方结构的Zr(Fe,Nb)2析出,但预压缩变形量对Zr合金的第二相析出种类没有显著影响。     

长期时效对GH4169合金组织演化及低周疲劳行为的影响

研究了GH4169合金在750℃长期时效中的组织演化及其对低周疲劳行为的影响规律.结果表明,随时效时间的延长,合金中y″相尺寸逐渐增大、体积分数减少;δ相尺寸增大、体积分数增加;长期时效后合金低周疲劳最大循环应力响应降低,疲劳寿命缩短.随循环周次的增加,合金循环应力响应均依次呈循环硬化、稳定、而后软化的特征.合金时效过程中y″相尺寸增大和体积分数降低,导致其对合金的强化效果减弱,由此循环应变的应力响应降低;而时效中长针状d相及其周围的无析出带的生成成为裂纹扩展路径,导致疲劳寿命下降.     

非等温蠕变时效对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响

研究了非等温蠕变时效处理中升温速率和峰值温度对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金回弹性能、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。通过透射电镜分析了合金的析出行为和时效强化机理。结果表明：随着加热速率的降低和峰值温度的升高,合金的回弹率降低;晶内析出相的尺寸增大,而体积分数先增大后减小;晶界析出相逐渐变得不连续,无析出区扩大。经非等温蠕变时效（20℃/h,180℃）处理后的合金主要析出相为致密的η’相,晶界析出相不连续,无析出区的宽度约为44.2 nm。非等温蠕变时效（20℃/h,180℃）处理的合金力学性能和耐腐蚀性能均优于常见的等温蠕变时效（120℃,24 h）处理的合金,并且时效时间缩短了67%。     

Mg-12Gd合金的时效析出行为

通过同步辐射小角度X散射实验方法(SAXS)、透射电镜(TEM)分析和维氏硬度测试,研究Mg-12Gd合金等温时效过程中的析出强化行为。结果表明:Mg-Gd合金时效过程中主要析出相为β′相,随着时效时间的增加,析出相的径向尺寸明显增大,宽度方向增加较小,逐渐演变成为椭圆形。175℃时效180 h时,析出相回转半径为12.9 nm;随着时效时间延长到360 h,析出相长大为13.4 nm;随着时效时间继续延长,析出相的尺寸增长速率减慢并最终趋向稳定。透射电镜结果表明:在175℃时效296 h时析出相大部分为β′相,有少量的β″相,β′相是宽5 nm,长13 nm的椭圆形,与小角度X散射结果一致。通过在200℃时效30 min的散射曲线能看出有析出相析出,刚析出时回转半径为2.5 nm,在225℃时效30 min时,析出相的回转半径为2.9 nm。     

间隙原子C作用下TiAl合金中析出相的形成及演变规律

采用XRD,SEM及TEM分析研究间隙原子C作用下Ti-46Al-8Nb-xC(x=0,0.7,1.4,2.5,原子分数,%)合金中析出相的形成规律、析出相与基体相的位向关系及其在热处理过程中的演变规律.结果表明,在C含量为1.4%和2.5%的合金中有长条状Ti2AlC析出,该析出相在铸锭制备的过程中形成,在时效热处理中尺寸、数量和分布均无明显变化,表现出较好的稳定性.不同C含量合金经固溶处理和时效后析出细小针状的Ti3AlC,该析出相从g相中析出,并与γ相存在位向关系:{100}Ti3AlC∥{100}γ,001Ti3AlC∥001γ.延长时效时间,Ti3AlC尺寸略有增大,数量变化不明显;升高时效温度,Ti3AlC的尺寸和数量均有显著增加.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.