含镍和含钴介孔分子筛的稳定性和孔结构

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,以硅酸钠、氯化镍、氯化钴等无机盐为原料,水热法合成出含Ni介孔分子筛和含Co介孔分子筛。采用XRD、FT-IR、TPR、TEM和比表面积孔径测定等方法对样品进行表征。结果表明:合成了长程有序性好的含Ni和含Co介孔分子筛;含Ni介孔分子筛的比表面积为753.3 m2/g,平均孔径为3.23 nm,750℃焙烧3 h,100℃水热处理5 d介孔结构仍然存在;含Co介孔分子筛的比表面积为744.1m2/g,平均孔径为4.44 nm,650℃焙烧后转变为虫蛀状介孔结构,750℃焙烧3 h后介孔有序性变得很差,100℃水热处理5 d后转变为虫蛀状结构。     

沉淀法合成纳米CeO2的晶粒生长动力学

以Ce(NO3)3·6HzO为铈源,(NH4)2CO3·H2O为沉淀剂,并加入一定量表面活性剂PEG4000,采用液相沉淀法制备前驱体Ce2(CO3)3·H2O,前驱体经热处理合成纳米CeO2.根据XRD线宽法研究了纳米CeO2热处理过程的晶粒生长动力学,结果表明随焙烧温度升高,CeO2晶粒尺寸显著增大;300℃下焙烧时间对CeO2晶粒尺寸影响不明显,700℃下CeO2晶粒随焙烧时间延长而长大,且焙烧初期粒径增长较快,超过180 min后增长速率变慢;700℃时CeO2晶粒生长指数为5,即符合5次方动力学方程,晶粒生长速率常数为1.986 5×104 nm5/min;由于纳米尺寸效应,使得CeO2晶粒生长活化能在低温区和高温区不同,低于400℃时为25.64 kJ/mol,高于400℃时为87.64 kJ/mol;认为热处理过程CeO2的晶粒生长为扩散生长机制.     

介孔Li3V2（PO4）3正极材料的研磨溶胶凝胶法合成和电化学性能（英文）

以V2O5·nH2O、LiOH·H2O、NH4H2PO4和蔗糖为原料,采用研磨溶胶凝胶技术制备了无定形Li3V2(PO4)3前驱体,再经过焙烧获得具有单斜结构的介孔Li3V2(PO4)3正极材料,并用XRD、SEM、TEM、比表面积和电化学性能测试来表征材料的性能。研究表明,在700°C下焙烧的样品具有良好的介孔结构、最大的比表面积(188cm2/g)和最小的孔径(9.3nm)。在0.2C倍率下,该介孔样品的首次放电容量达155.9mA·h/g,经过50次循环后其容量仍然可达154mA·h/g,表现出非常稳定的放电性能。     

介孔氧化锆材料的模板自组装法合成与表征

采用模板自组装的方法一步合成介孔氧化锆材料,并利用TG-DTA、SAXRD、N2吸附和HRTEM对材料进行表征。结果发现,经400℃焙烧后模板剂能够完全脱除;低角度XRD结果显示材料具有良好的介孔结构;N2吸附结果得到介孔氧化锆的孔径为3.7nm,比表面积为165.3m2/g。介孔氧化锆经不同温度焙烧后的XRD和HRTEM结果表明,600℃焙烧后仍能保持介孔结构,更高温度焙烧介孔结构被破坏;选区电子衍射显示在介孔孔壁上有部分的纳米晶生成。     

无压反应合成MCM-41硅基介孔材料

以水玻璃溶液为硅源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,成功合成了MCM-41硅基介孔材料.并用XRD、TEM和N2吸附一脱附等方法对样品进行了表征.XRD分析表明:当m(CTAB)/n(Si)的比值为0.09,合成体系pH值为10～11,反应温度为85℃时,合成的样品微观结构好,长程有序化程度高.TEM和N2吸附一脱附的分析结果表明:样品具有六方有序结构的硅基介孔材料,其BET表面积为1027 m2/g,最可几孔径为2.88nm.     

介孔二氧化铈纳米材料的制备与性能

采用化学沉淀法制备了纳米氧化铈(CeO2)储氧材料,利用X射线衍射(XRD)分析考察了焙烧温度对氧化铈物相结构的影响;利用热重分析(TG)对沉淀物到氧化物转变过程进行了具体分析;通过储氧量(OSC)测定和氢气程序升温还原性(H2-TPR)测定及其织构性能测定(BET法)等不同手段对CeO2材料进行了表征。结果表明:采用沉淀法制备得到的纯CeO2材料属于纳米级介孔材料。该材料具有较好的抗高温老化性能,较强的氧化还原能力,较大的比表面积和孔容及合理的平均孔径。在1000℃高温焙烧后仍然保持立方萤石结构,虽然有所烧结,但仍能保持纳米晶粒和纳米孔结构。     

微波条件下杂原子MCM-41介孔分子筛的合成

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）为模板剂,硅酸钠、氯化镍、氯化钴和氯化铜为原料,通过微波辐射法合成纯硅MCM-41和Ni（Co、Cu）MCM-41介孔分子筛。采用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、Fourier变换红外光谱和比表面积孔径分析等测试手段对所合成的介孔分子筛进行表征。考察了分别将杂原子Ni、Co和Cu引入MCM-41介孔分子筛对其介孔有序性、比表面积及孔径大小的影响。结果表明：在微波条件下可以合成出纯硅MCM-41和掺杂Ni（Co、Cu）MCM-41介孔分子筛,样品经550℃焙烧后模板剂被有效去除,合成样品的介孔结构没有被破坏;杂原子Ni（或Co、Cu）引入纯硅MCM-41介孔分子筛后,其比表面积和平均孔径均增大,且介孔有序性变好。     

热处理条件对介孔Al_2O_3结构性质的影响

以氯化铝和氨水反应制得拟薄姆石为前驱体,研究了拟薄姆石前驱体热处理性质,考察了焙烧温度对介孔Al_2O_3微观结构的影响,通过焙烧升温速率调控了γ-Al_2O_3表面酸碱性,借助XRD、SEM、BET及NH3/CO2-TPD等手段对焙烧产物晶相组成、微观形貌、孔结构及表面酸碱性进行分析表征。结果表明,焙烧温度对介孔Al_2O_3晶相组成、微观形貌、孔结构影响较大。随焙烧温度升高,Al_2O_3结晶度逐渐增大,且焙烧温度不同,Al_2O_3晶型不同,焙烧温度为600℃时制得了比表面积240.23 m~2·g~(-1),介孔孔容0.602 cm3·g~(-1),平均孔径10.71 nm的纳米球形介孔γ-Al_2O_3。升温速率对600℃焙烧制得γ-Al_2O_3表面酸碱性质具有较大影响,焙烧升温速率越快,表面酸碱强度越强。升温速率为5℃·min~(-1)时,表面具有最大弱酸(0.342 mmol·g~(-1))和弱碱量(0.322 mmol·g~(-1))。     

低温燃烧合成Ce_(0.8)Nd_(0.2)O_(1.9)固溶体纳米粉末

采用低温燃烧合成工艺在甘氨酸-硝酸盐体系中制备出Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9固溶体纳米粉末,重点考察了甘氨酸与硝酸盐的配比(G/N)以及焙烧温度对粉末特性的影响。通过热重-差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC)得知,燃烧反应的点火温度为257℃。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、比表面积仪(BET)及傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等手段对粉末的结构、形貌、成分、尺寸及比表面积进行了分析。结果表明:燃烧反应后直接得到萤石型结构的单相固溶体,晶粒尺寸为8nm~12nm之间,比表面积为38m2/g~47m2/g;晶粒尺寸随焙烧温度升高而增加,在800℃下焙烧1h后,可以去除反应残留物质,并使获得的晶形更加完整。     

离心喷雾条件对CeWTi脱硝催化剂性能的影响

以离心喷雾干燥技术为基础,采用浸渍法制备了CeO2-WO3/TiO2(CeWTi)脱硝催化剂,研究了制备过程中离心喷雾温度对喷雾速率及催化剂粉体形貌、粒度、比表面积和脱硝性能的影响,分析了喷雾温度影响的机制.结果表明,CeWTi催化剂的离心喷雾速率、粒度均随离心喷雾温度的升高而显著增大,但其焙烧前粉体的粒度却无显著变化,仅为1μm左右.这是由于喷雾干燥后主要形成Ce(NO3)3·4H2O和Ti(W)O2的团聚体,并未形成Ce-W-Ti-O的固溶体.因此,在测试粒度时由于Ce(NO3)3·4H2O的溶解,测得粒度不是喷雾粉体的实际粒度,而是钛钨粉的粒度.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis