海水中3C钢腐蚀速度影响因素的灰关联分析

研究了3C钢在不同海水环境参数-温度、溶解氧、盐度、pH值、氧化还原电位条件下的腐蚀速度， 应用灰关联分析法探讨了环境参数对碳钢腐蚀速度的影响程度.根据关联度的数值，氧化还原电位、温度、溶解氧3个环境参数对3C钢腐蚀速度的影响相对较大，盐度、pH值的影响相对较小.严格说来，氧化还原电位、温度、溶解氧对3C钢腐蚀速度的影响相差不大，腐蚀是环境参数综合作用的结果.      

中国腐蚀与防护学报2005年总目录

第1期碳钢、低合金钢16年大气暴露腐蚀研究………………………………………………………………………梁彩凤侯文泰(1)电化学噪声频谱的Vision C++实现…………………………………………曹发和张昭施彦彦张鉴清曹楚南(7)3C钢腐蚀速度与海水环境参数关系的人工神经网络分析………………………………………刘学庆唐晓王佳(11)X70钢在库尔勒土壤中短期腐蚀行为研究……………………………………武俊伟李晓刚杜翠薇汪崧宋义全(15)HCO3-浓度对X70钢阳极反应过程的影响…………………………………许淳淳池琳胡钢黄杰王紫色(20)铟在碱性溶液中的…     

金属材料实海冲刷腐蚀检测

利用自行设计的ZS-1型实海冲刷腐蚀实验装置,在舟山海水腐蚀试验站对3C船板钢进行了连续72 h的冲刷腐蚀实验,用电化学阻抗谱等测试技术进行了腐蚀检测.结果表明:海水流速为1 m/s、2 m/s和3 m/s时,随着冲刷时间的延长,3C钢的腐蚀速度呈下降趋势.流速在1 m/s-6 m/s内,3C钢的腐蚀电位随着流速的增加逐渐升高,电化学阻抗谱为单一容抗弧,呈活化控制特征.随着流速增大,电极受到的表面切应力增大,电化学反应阻抗减小,极化阻力(Rr)随流速的变化基本呈线性下降的关系.     

Q235钢在海水及海水淡化一级RO产水中的腐蚀特性研究

采用动态挂片实验,研究了Q235钢在海水及海水淡化一级RO产水中的腐蚀特性,并分析了试片表面的形貌及腐蚀产物成分,以探究Q235钢在一级RO产水中高速腐蚀的原因。结果表明:随时间的延长,Q235钢在海水中的腐蚀速度下降,并趋于稳定,而在一级RO产水中的腐蚀速度逐渐上升,并维持于高位;Q235钢在两种水体中的腐蚀产物,组分相同,但各组分的相对含量及变化趋势有很大差异;一级RO产水中,Q235钢生成的腐蚀产物为球状颗粒,没有海水中产生的针状腐蚀产物致密;一级RO产水的弱酸性促进γ-FeOOH迅速转化为导电氧化物Fe3O4,生成的锈层不连续,不能阻碍氧扩散过程的进行,这是导致Q235钢高速腐蚀的主要原因。     

组合人工神经网络模型预测海水腐蚀速度的研究

针对误差反传(BP)人工神经网络在海水腐蚀预测建模中的样本数量有限和隐含层单元数难以确定的问题,提出了结合使用自组织特征映射(SOM)网络和径向基函数(RBF)人工神经网络方法预测海水腐蚀速度.首先采用SOM对样本进行分类,再使用RBF进行样本训练和建模,并对A3钢和16Mn钢的海水腐蚀速度进行了预测.结果表明,该方法能够增强了网络局部泛化能力,提高了预测精度和计算速度.     

电化学方法研究12Cr2MoAlXt钢在海水中的耐蚀性

<正> 一、前言12Cr2MoAlXt 低合金钢是一种新钢种,具有良好的耐海水腐蚀性能。为了探讨该钢种的耐蚀原因以及比较测试腐蚀速度的几种常用方法,我们测定了12Cr2MoAlXt 钢和 A3钢在海水中的电化学性质。     

两种船体钢焊接接头耐海水腐蚀性能对比

选择了两种碳素船体钢（经稀土变性处理和未经稀土变性处理的3C钢）和3种常用的焊接,加工成6种焊接接头试样,通过室内全浸搅拌挂片试验、间浸挂片试验和恒电位阳极溶解试验,对同一焊接接头不同区域以及不同焊接接头之间腐蚀行为的差异进行了比较,并结合冶金检测结果分析探讨了造成该腐蚀特点的原因。结果表明,对3C钢常用焊接接头而言,均为焊缝区耐海水腐蚀性能最差,其次为母材,热影响区耐蚀性最好;经稀土变性处理后,3C钢不仅钢种本身的耐蚀性得到了提高,而且以该钢为母材的焊接接头的耐蚀性也得到了相应的改善（同种焊接材料相比）;无论是普通3C钢还是稀土变性处理3C钢均以J422为焊接材料的接头的耐海水腐蚀性能最好。     

海水中钢的电偶腐蚀研究

获取了不同电位差的钢偶对在海水吧不同面积比偶合的腐蚀结果,讲座了海水中钢偶对的电偶腐蚀行为;对文献中推导的海水中钢偶对的腐蚀速度公式进行了检验和简化,海水中钢偶对阳极的腐蚀速度随阴、阳极自腐蚀电极差和阴／阳极面积比的增大而增大,阳极的腐蚀速度与阴／阳极面积比的关系是非线性的,且阳极的腐蚀速度随阴／阳极面积比的增大有一个极限值,阴极的腐蚀速度随阴／阳极面积比减小和阴／阳极电位差增大而减小,简化的海水中钢偶对的腐蚀速度公式与试验结果符合较好。     

12CrNiMo钢和35Cr钢的耐海水腐蚀性能比较分析

通过显微夹杂物分析、室内间浸挂片试验和相关的电化学性能测试，对12CrNiMo钢和35Cr钢的耐海水腐蚀性能进行了比较分析，结果表明：在海水介质中，12CrNiMo钢比35Cr钢的耐海水腐蚀性能要好。两种钢化学成分及夹杂物类别、形态、分布和数量上的不同，是造成两者耐海水腐蚀性差异的主要原因。     

Q235钢在海水淡化一级反渗透产水中的腐蚀行为

采用旋转挂片和SEM, EDS及IR分析研究Q235钢在海水淡化一级反渗透产水中(RO)的腐蚀速度和腐蚀产物变化规律,并利用动电位扫描、电化学阻抗法研究腐蚀过程及腐蚀反应控制步骤。结果表明,Q235钢在海水淡化一级反渗透产水中腐蚀速度在48 h内迅速增大至1.4 mm/a,其后保持稳定。锈层初期为γ-FeOOH薄层,随时间延长逐渐转为由Fe₃O₄构成的内锈层及由γ-FeOOH和α-FeOOH构成的外锈层。腐蚀过程受阴极控制,初期腐蚀阻力达到最大,其后由于大量γ-FeOOH在酸性条件下极易转化为对腐蚀反应没有阻滞作用的Fe₃O₄,腐蚀阻力迅速减小,腐蚀速度迅速增大,当Q235钢表面γ-FeOOH生成和转化达到平衡后,腐蚀阻力保持稳定,腐蚀速度也不再发生变化。     

基于人工神经网络模型的铝合金大气腐蚀的预测

用BP神经网络预测了铝合金大气腐蚀,研究了网络的训练精度和预测精度的关系,建立7-5-1的模型结构,模型相关系数为0.8821,预测结果比较理想.利用单一因素敏感性分析,计算了合金元素和环境因素对于铝合金大气腐蚀速率的影响.     

Estimation of steel guitar strings corrosion by artificial neural network

The purpose of this work was to estimate the corrosion of steel guitar strings in the artificial sweat solution by applying artificial neural network (ANN). Measurements were conducted during 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. The results were used for training the most appropriate model of ANN. For evaluating the method efficiency, the comparison between measured data has been compared to values estimated by ANN. The high correlation coefficient and low mean absolute error between measured and estimated output values were observed. Therefore it can be concluded that ANN are promising tool for estimation of corrosion processes.     

Electrochemical noise analysis for estimation of corrosion rate of carbon steel in bicarbonate solution

We have investigated the electrochemical noise behavior of carbon steel in fully deaerated aqueous bicarbonate solutions, and discussed the optimum conditions of the noise analysis for estimating corrosion rate of the steel. Noise of the potential difference and of the short-circuit current between two identical steel coupons were successfully measured. The time-series noise patterns were transformed into frequency domain by fast Fourier transformation, and then their power spectrum densities (PSDs) at a frequency were determined to be compared with the corrosion rate. The PSDs of the potential and of the current varied with changing environmental factors of bicarbonate concentration, pH, and immersion time. The factors also controlled the corrosion rate of the steel. The PSDs were associated with the corrosion rate, and then it was found that the PSDs of the potential and of the current showed linear correlation with the corrosion rate in log-log scale. There was also linear relationship between the corrosion rate and a spectral noise resistance obtained from the PSDs of the potential and the current. The linearities of the three correlations were better at a lower analyzed frequency. Furthermore, the PSDs of the current and the noise resistance indicated more linear correlation with the corrosion rate than that of the potential. As the simplicity of the measurement system is additionally considered, it is concluded that the PSD of the current noise at an analyzed frequency of 3 mHz is the optimum conditions for estimating the corrosion rate from 10⁻² to 10⁰ A m⁻² in this study.     

用神经网络算法分析环烷酸的腐蚀行为

利用神经网络的分析方法,对炼油过程中的环烷酸 腐蚀进行分析建模,综合考虑温度、环烷酸浓度和流速、材质和环烷酸腐蚀速度之间的关系 ,为准确的数学建模、准确的预测设备的使用寿命和相应专家系统的研制开拓了新的思路, 也是神经网络分析在腐蚀研究中应用的一个尝试.     

用人工神经网络构建碳钢、低合金钢大气腐蚀模型

采用人工神经网络技术建立了碳钢、低合金钢大气腐蚀预测模型，神经网络拓朴结构为13-19-1，神经网络模型预测结果和实验数据紧密相符，而且通过单一因素敏感性分析方法，研究了合金元素和环境因素对于大气腐蚀速率的影响，表明该方法的有效性.     

图像灰度与腐蚀特征的相关性研究

根据实验数据研究腐蚀图象灰度和实际腐蚀深度的相关性,发现对孤立、规则圆孔的图像,经双向扫描校准后,其局部平均灰度和孔深存在很好线形关系,相关系数达0.95;对实际腐蚀图像,其局部平均灰度和相应位置的深度仍在0.95置信度下线性相关。但复杂深坑可能导致灰度值偏高（亮）,而且,坑深和灰度统计分布相关曲线表现为斜率不同（以坑深0.045cm为转折点）的两段直线,综上所述,基于图像灰度的腐蚀形貌诊断更适合腐蚀发展初期。此外,图像灰度和实际腐蚀参数的相关性研究表明,图像灰度极差是平均腐蚀速度及最大坑深的良好表征,它们在0.95置信度下线性相关。     

CO2腐蚀的神经网络分析

利用神经网络的分析方法 ,对CO2 腐蚀进行分析建模 ,从系统的观点出发 ,建立了碳钢含碳量、CO2 分压、温度、流速与腐蚀速率之间的非线性对应关系 ,为准确的数学建模、预测设备的使用寿命和相关专家系统的研制开拓了新的思路     

Corrosion Protection of Steel Highway Bridges: II Characterisation of bridge locations by corrosion and environmental measurements

Abstract

Climatological and air pollution factors greatly affect the corrosion damage to steel highway bridges. This paper gives first results of a programme to define quantitative criteria by which the potential corrosivity of a prospective bridge location can be assessed.

At seven sites throughout the country, the corrosion rates of a special mild steel, a low alloy steel and zinc are being measured under both open and sheltered exposure conditions. Meteorological and air pollution data are also being collected.

To eliminate the considerable delays which can occur in negotiating the building of permanent test compounds, a mobile test rig has been developed, which can be easily transported to any prospective bridge location.From the first year's results, it is apparent that sheltered test specimens give a much closer indication of the corrosivity under a bridge deck than do open exposure specimens. Of the environmental factors, atmospheric chlorides and sulphur compounds are the major factors influencing corrosion rate. It was not possible, at this stage of the work, to produce a correlation between corrosion rates and meteorological data.     

沉积物下API—P105钢腐蚀规律及影响因素

利用自行研制的双速流动试验装置,用模拟电池的方法,研究了在模拟轮南油田回注污水中,油管套用钢ＡＰＩ－Ｐ１０５沉积物下局部腐蚀行为,结果发现其腐蚀速度随阴阳极面积比Ａｃ／Ａａ的增加先增大后减小,而后又重新增大,沉积物下腐蚀还受其他因素影响,如：流速,ＣＯ２分压等,这些因素的影响规律与面积比Ａｃ／Ａａ有关。     

Comparative investigation on copper atmospheric corrosion by electrochemical impedance and electrical resistance sensors

Electrochemical impedance (EIS) and thin electrical resistance (ER) sensors were invented for atmospheric corrosion measurement of copper (Cu) during cyclic wetting–drying/high–low temperature tests and field exposure tests. Three-month field exposure results showed that average corrosion rate of Cu measured by ER sensor was well in accordance with that by weight loss method. During cyclic wetting–drying test, EIS was proven to reflect sensitively time of wetting and drying on the surface of sensor. Although corrosion rate obtained from EIS had a similar tendency to that obtained from ER sensors, the former was more dependent on environmental humidity than the latter. When relative humidity was low than 60%, corrosion rate of Cu measured by EIS was much lower than that by weight loss method, mainly attributing to the fact that impedance sensor failed to detect corrosion current of interlaced Cu electrodes due to the breakdown of conductive passage composed of absorbed thin liquid film under low humidity condition. Promisingly, ER sensor was proven to be more suitable for atmospheric corrosion monitoring than electrochemical techniques because it could sensitively monitor thickness loss of Cu foil according to the Ohmic law, no matter how dry or wet the sensor surface is.