共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
Ni基P/M Rene 95合金中非金属夹杂物导致裂纹萌生和扩展的扫描电镜原位观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过SEM原位拉伸试验观察了P/M Rene 95合金中的非金属夹杂在拉伸状态下导致裂纹萌生、扩展的微观力学行为,结果表明:在原位拉伸过程中,裂纹首先在试样表面的夹杂物处产生,裂纹主要萌生于夹杂物/合金基体的界面;随着外加应力的增加;裂纹极易沿夹杂物/基体界面扩展,向基体深入;最后,部分夹杂与基体完全分离、脱落,一些夹杂物的材料制备过程中被破碎成若干碎片,增加了裂纹萌生的几率。 相似文献
2.
采用人工植入Al2O3夹杂的试样,通过SEM下的原位试验,动态跟踪及分析了拉-拉疲劳载荷下P/M Rene95合金中表面或近表面夹杂物的微观行为。结果表明:在所研究的夹杂物的尺度范围内,载荷波形对夹杂物的微观力学行为有很大影响。在三角波加载条件下,虽然夹杂物/基体界面更易萌生裂纹,但表面或近表面夹杂物对试样的断裂影响较小;在正弦波载荷条件下,疲劳裂纹的萌生、扩展及试样的断裂均与表面或近表面夹杂物的基本特性有关。而且,降低正弦波加载时的应力幅值可大大提高夹杂物/基体界面疲劳裂纹的萌生寿命。 相似文献
3.
4.
FGH95粉末高温合金作为一种高强度、高耐热性的镍基高温合金,常用在制造先进航空发动机的压气机盘、涡轮盘、涡轮轴以及涡轮盘挡板等高温承力转动部件,是一种典型的难加工材料.FGH95粉末高温合金中非金属夹杂物的成分、含量、分类、形貌对粉末高温合金材料性能有着重要的影响.从切削加工角度,采用力学分析和显微镜观察的方法研究了FGH95粉末高温合金中非金属夹杂物对切削加工刀具的影响,分析了切削加工时非金属夹杂物的力学特性,提出了夹杂物在切削加工过程中的变形机理. 相似文献
5.
本文研究了气体保护条件下,常规熔铸的Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金中夹杂物的形貌、分布及形成原因,并通过计算分析了夹杂物的沉降行为.结果表明,Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金中有MgO或Y的氧化物为主的球状、簇状、不规则状、线状的复合夹杂物和含熔剂夹杂物,夹杂物的平均尺寸为12.7μm,平均体积分数为0.26%.夹杂物出现的频率随其尺寸增大而急剧减小,尺寸在20μm以下的夹杂物占夹杂物总体积接近85%,尺寸在45μm以下的夹杂物占96%.计算结果表明,夹杂物沉降速率与其尺寸和密度相关;夹杂物密度增大,可使镁合金中夹杂物的最大尺寸减小,计算得到的合金中最大夹杂物的尺寸与实验结果基本一致. 相似文献
6.
探讨了夹杂物含量对A357合金组织和力学性能的影响。采用添加铝屑的方法,向铝熔体中引入不同含量的夹杂物,测试了材料的冲击性能,观察了材料的断口宏观和微观形貌,并进行了微区能谱分析。结果表明,随着夹杂物逐渐增加,合金冲击功逐渐下降,同时其承受载荷的能力下降;随着夹杂物含量的增加,其断口组织逐渐显示出解理特征,夹杂物越多形成的夹杂物聚集区和异质颗粒相越多,严重影响合金组织的均一性,冲击时成为裂纹源。 相似文献
7.
夹杂物对GW103K镁合金服役性能的影响(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究未净化、MgO陶瓷过滤及JDMJ熔剂净化等净化条件下,夹杂物对GW103K( Mg-10Gd-3Y)合金微观组织、力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:采用JDMJ熔剂净化后的GW103K合金,夹杂物的数量和尺寸明显减少,其抗拉强度和伸长率增加,而屈服强度则低于使用MgO陶瓷过滤净化和未经净化的合金。此外,随着夹杂物含量的减少,合金的腐蚀速率从2.419 mg/(cm2·d) 快速下降到1.265 mg/(cm2·d),当夹杂物含量(体积分数)达到0.385%后,合金的腐蚀速率几乎不再发生变化。建立不同净化条件下夹杂物的体积分数和GW103K合金服役性能的内在联系。 相似文献
8.
《稀有金属材料与工程》2017,(5)
铁基12%Cr合金(质量分数)常被用来制造先进电机转子。电机转子要求材料具备良好的机械性能和细小的夹杂物,大尺寸的夹杂物通常会使得其性能恶化。本研究在缓冷试验后采用淬火工艺,保留了12%Cr合金液态冷却和凝固过程中形成的夹杂物,并通过扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析对夹杂物的形貌及化学成分进行了分析。结果表明:除各种氧化物夹杂外,在试样中观察到典型的氮化钛夹杂,但冶炼过程中并未添加钛元素。夹杂物析出的热力学计算结果表明:氮化钛夹杂析出于凝固末期,来自原料中痕量的钛元素即可导致氮化钛的析出,而氧化铝夹杂在液态合金中即可生成。通过控制钛元素和氧元素的含量在合理范围,有利于抑制凝固过程的夹杂析出。同时对凝固过程三氧化二钛夹杂析出的可能性进行了研究。 相似文献
9.
《热加工工艺》2017,(21)
采用金相显微镜对X80管线钢轧制前后的夹杂物进行了评级和数量统计,用扫描电子显微镜检测了轧制前后夹杂物形态变化,并用能谱分析仪(EDS)分析了夹杂物化学成分。结果表明:铸坯中主要为小尺寸球形夹杂物。铸坯轧制后,D类夹杂物细系的级别值变大,而D类夹杂物的粗系和DS类夹杂物的级别均降低;铸坯试样和钢板试样的1/4位置,夹杂物级别都比较高,在1/2位置,夹杂物级别都比较低;轧制后,小尺寸(3μm)夹杂物的数量增加,大尺寸夹杂物的数量减小。X80管线钢中的夹杂物多为Ca、Mg、Al、O、S等元素组成的硫化物-氧化物复相夹杂,不同类型的夹杂物在不同轧制过程中变形行为不相同。 相似文献
10.
夹杂物对粉末高温合金损伤行为的影响 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2
在简要介绍粉末高温合金中夹杂物来源的基础上,分析了夹杂物对粉末高温合金损伤行为,尤其是疲劳行为的影响,并对含夹杂物粉末高温合金材料的损伤机理和疲劳寿命预测模型进行了介绍.指出了粉末高温合金中夹杂物对其疲劳性能影响显著,且这种影响是多方面的,夹杂物的尺寸、数量、位置和取向等都会影响合金的疲劳行为. 相似文献
11.
Ho-Kyung Kim 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2013,22(1):294-299
Static tensile and fatigue tests were conducted using tensile-shear specimens to evaluate the fatigue strength of clinched lap joints of a cold rolled mild steel sheet. The maximum tensile force (= holding force) of the specimen produced at the optimal punching force was 70 kN. The fatigue endurance limit (= 760 N) approached 43% of the maximum tensile load (= 1750 N) at a load ratio of 0.1, suggesting that the fatigue limit is approximately half of the value of the maximum tensile force. The FEM analysis showed that at the fatigue endurance limit, the maximum von Mises stress of 373 MPa is very close to the ultimate tensile strength of the cold rolled mild steel sheet (= 382 MPa). 相似文献
12.
13.
The feasibility of the acoustic emission technique in predicting the residual fatigue life of 6061-T6 aluminum matrix composite reinforced with 15 vol.% SiC particulates (SiCp) is presented. Fatigue damages corresponding to 40, 60 and 80% of total fatigue life were induced at a cyclic stress amplitude. The specimens with and without fatigue damage were subjected to tensile tests. The acoustic emission activities were monitored during tensile tests. The number of cumulative AE events increased exponentially with the increase in strain during tensile tests. This exponential increase occurred when the material was in the plastic regime and was attributed mainly to SiC particulate/matrix interface decohesion. Cumulative events during post fatigue tensile tests reduced with a decrease in the residual fatigue life. Based on the high cycle fatigue damage accumulation model, a Weibull probability distribution model is developed to explain the post fatigue AE activity of specimens during tensile tests. Using the model, the residual fatigue life can be predicted by testing the specimen in tension and monitoring the AE events. In high cycle fatigue, it was observed that the residual tensile strengths of the material did not change significantly with prior cyclic loading damages since the high cycle fatigue life was dominated by the crack initiation phase. 相似文献
14.
V. Marcadon C. Davoine B. Passilly D. Boivin F. Popoff A. Rafray S. Kruch 《Acta Materialia》2012,60(15):5626-5644
Architectured cellular materials are very promising as lightweight aeronautical frames thanks to their superior specific mechanical properties such as structural or impact resistance. However, because of the processing routes and heat treatments used in the production process, the material within the cell walls may behave differently from the bulk, and therefore the in situ mechanical properties are often unknown. The present work aims at exploring the influence of the constitutive material behaviour on effective mechanical properties of cellular materials. To address this issue, small brazed sandwich structures with hollow-tube stacking cores have been considered as “model” materials. Compression tests have been performed on these structures, coupled with a detailed analysis of microstructures resulting from brazing heat treatments. Also, tensile tests on isolated tubes and microindentation tests have been conducted in order to have access to in situ constitutive mechanical properties. Experimental data have then been introduced in a finite-element modelling of those sandwich structures. Based on the modelling, different mechanical behaviours have been assumed for the constitutive material. Various degrees of modelling extension have been considered, introducing progressively a specific behaviour for brazes and accounting for the damage and cracks observed experimentally around braze extremities. Their influence on the effective behaviour of the stackings is discussed in detail. 相似文献
15.
为了研究板厚对不锈钢激光叠焊接头抗剪强度和疲劳强度的影响,该文针对0.8 mm+2 mm和2 mm+2 mm2种不同板厚搭配的不锈钢激光叠焊接头分别进行了拉伸试验和疲劳试验。结果表明,2 mm+2 mm接头的抗剪强度和疲劳强度均高于0.8 mm+2 mm接头。失效分析发现,2种接头的拉伸破坏由焊肉部位剪断引起的;2种接头的疲劳裂纹均萌生于2 mm未焊透板,裂纹起始位置在2个焊板之间靠近焊核附近未焊透板的热影响区,裂纹沿着焊核边缘向未焊透板外表面方向扩展,直至穿透未焊透板。对焊接接头部位的有限元受力分析可知,2种接头的应力集中程度的不同是造成它们抗剪强度和疲劳强度差异的主要原因。 相似文献
16.
《Science & Technology of Welding & Joining》2013,18(3):223-233
Aluminium alloy sheets were joined to stainless steel ones by a resistance spot welding method using Al–Mg alloy interlayer. The interlayer exhibits a lower melting point than the Al alloy. Consequently, melted interlayer with a lower temperature filled the gap between the two sheets and resulted in effective joining. Subsequently, tensile shear fatigue tests had been conducted to evaluate fatigue strength and to determine the fatigue fracture mechanism. Resistance spot welding dissimilar welds exhibited higher fatigue strengths than friction stir spot welded dissimilar ones. Fatigue fracture modes were dependent on the load levels, where plug type fracture occurred at high load levels, shear fracture through the nugget at medium load levels and through thickness fatigue crack propagation in the Al sheet at low load levels. The fracture mode transition was attributed to the geometrical rotation around the nugget. 相似文献
17.
The impact test is used for the quantitative assessment of various properties of thin hard coatings, deposited on machine elements, tools etc. This test is mainly applied on coated specimens with simple geometries such as of cutting inserts and coated plates. In the described investigations, perpendicular and inclined impact tests were conducted directly on PVD coated bearing rings. The tests were performed with the aid of appropriate fixtures on the internal cylindrical surface of the outer bearing ring, as well as on the external one of the inner ring. Through a developed FEM simulation of the contact between the indenter ball and the cylindrical ring surfaces during the perpendicular and the inclined impact test, the film fatigue endurance stress was determined and the coating's adhesion was quantified. The mechanical properties of the applied thin films and substrates, used in the FEM calculations, were detected by nanoindentations and appropriate results evaluation. The obtained film fatigue endurance stress of the investigated coating can be considered as adequate however the coating adhesion is assessed as poor. 相似文献
18.
《Science & Technology of Welding & Joining》2013,18(7):616-625
AbstractResistance spot welding experiments were conducted on dissimilar material combination of HSLA350/DP600 steels. The welds were characterised using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The fusion zone of the dissimilar material spot weld was predominantly martensitic with some bainite. Mechanical properties were also determined by tensile shear, cross tension and fatigue tests. The performance of dissimilar material spot weld was different from that of the similar ones in each of the HSLA350 and DP600 steels and exhibited different heat affected zone hardness. The DP600 weld properties played a dominating role in the microstructure and tensile properties of the dissimilar material spot welds. However, the fatigue performance of the dissimilar welds was similar to that of the HSLA350 welds. Fatigue tests on the dissimilar material spot welds showed that the 5·5 mm diameter nugget exhibited higher fatigue strength than the 7·5 mm diameter nugget. 相似文献
19.
20.
拉保持对316L奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头低周疲劳循环应力响应及损伤机制的影响 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
在873 K温度下对316L奥氏体不锈钢母材和焊缝分别进行连续和拉保持低周疲劳试验,使用光学显微镜(OM)和透射电镜(TEM)对试样位错微观结构和裂纹扩展形貌进行观察,分析拉保持对母材和焊缝低周疲劳循环应力响应及损伤机制的影响.结果表明,母材在连续和拉保持低周疲劳试验初期都发生循环硬化,焊缝在连续低周疲劳试验中发生连续循环软化,而在拉保持试验后期则出现明显循环稳定阶段;母材和焊缝试样拉保持低周疲劳寿命低于其连续低周疲劳寿命;母材和焊缝在连续低周疲劳试验中裂纹主要以穿晶方式扩展,而在拉保持试验中焊缝是以沿晶或混合方式扩展. 相似文献