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1.
用特殊设计的恒位移加载台可以在TEM中原位观察黄铜在纯水中局部溶解前后裂尖位错形核的变化,从而可以确定局部阳极溶解对位错发射,增殖和运动的影响,也可原位观察纳米级应力腐蚀裂纹的形核和扩展,结果表明,如用薄膜试样,黄铜在室温高纯水中能发生SCC,在裂纹形核前,通过阳极溶解的促进作用,在低应力下就能导致位错的发射、增殖和运动,当溶解引起的位错发射,运动达到临界状态时,纳米级微裂纹就将在无位错区中不连续  相似文献   

2.
Ni2MnGa铁磁形状记忆合金开裂的原位研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对Ni2MnGa铁磁形状记忆合金的缺口试样,通过在微分干涉相衬显微镜下原位拉伸,研究了裂纹形核、扩展和马氏体相变以及塑性变形的关系.结果表明,拉伸时首先形成马氏体,当裂尖应力集中足够大时就会在裂尖产生局部塑性区,微裂纹易于沿马氏体界面形核,但也可在塑性区中形核.随载荷升高,微裂纹沿马氏体不连续形核,通过韧带剪切连接,从而导致裂纹扩展阻力也随裂纹扩展而增大.  相似文献   

3.
纯Ni中氢致开裂的透射电镜原位观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
纯Ni在透射电镜(TEM)中原位拉伸时,裂纹尖端首先发射大量位错,平衡时形成无位错区,微裂纹在裂纹顶端连续形核或在无位错区中不连续形核,并且形核后将钝化成孔洞或缺口。利用特殊的恒位移加载台,可在TEM中原位研究充氢前后恒位移试样裂尖位错组态的变化。结果表明,氢能促进位错的发射、增殖和运动。和未充氢纯Ni相比,充氢试样在更低的外应力下位错就会发射和运动,当氢促进的位错发射和运动到临界条件时就会使氢致裂纹形核、扩展,导致低应力脆断。  相似文献   

4.
黄铜中纳米级微裂纹的形核与钝化   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
黄铜薄膜试样在透射电镜中原位拉伸观察表明,在平衡条件下加载裂发出的位错纯化成无位错区,它是一个应变很高的异常弹性区。当缺口足够锐,外加载荷足够大时,这个非线弹性区中的应力有可能达到原子键合力,从而使纳米级微裂纹在无位错区中不连续形核,或从钝化的原裂纹顶端形核。这个微裂纹一昊形核,即使保持恒位移,也将钝化成空洞或缺口。  相似文献   

5.
利用分子动力学方法模拟了单晶γ-Ti Al合金预置微裂纹单向拉伸过程中沿不同晶向的扩展过程。探索了[100]、[110]及[111]晶向下微裂纹扩展过程中的力学行为及扩展形式,研究表明:3种晶向下裂纹启裂应力依次为5.766、6.26、6.57 GPa,裂纹强度依次增强;[100]晶向下微裂纹扩展呈完全脆性解理特征,应力始终集中在裂尖且随时间增加而减小;[110]晶向下微裂纹初期以脆性解理扩展,之后裂尖出现原子错排及发射位错导致钝化现象产生,随后萌生与主裂纹不同平面的子裂纹,应力始终集中在裂尖且随时间增加而递减,主、子裂纹相连后形成台阶状韧断裂纹;[111]晶向下微裂纹通过裂尖发射滑移位错及局部衍生孪晶进行扩展,表现出明显的取向效应,材料强度出现强化效应,应力集中在裂尖及孪晶面上并随加载而减小;不同晶向下微裂纹扩展过程具有完全不同的特性。  相似文献   

6.
用自制的恒位移加载台,在透射电镜中原位观察310奥氏体不锈钢在纯水中局部溶解前后裂尖位错组态的变化以及微裂纹的形核和扩展。结果表明,310奥氏体不锈钢在室温纯水中局部阳极溶解能促进位错发射,增殖和运动,在低应力下,纳米级微裂纹在无位错区中连续或不连续形核,由于介质的作用,纳米级微裂纹并不钝化成空洞或缺口,而是解理扩展。  相似文献   

7.
用自制的恒位移加载台,在透射电镜中原位观察310奥氏体不锈钢在纯水中局部溶解前后裂尖位错组态的变化以及微裂纹的形核和扩展。结果表明,310奥氏体在室温纯水中局部阳极溶解促进位错发射,增殖和运动,在低应力下,纳米级微裂纹在无位错区中连续或不连续形核,由于介质的作用,纳米级微裂纹并不钝化成空洞或缺口,而是理解扩展。  相似文献   

8.
不锈钢微裂纹形核扩展的TEM原位观察   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
李红旗  陈奇志  褚武扬 《金属学报》1996,32(11):1159-1164
310奥氏体不锈钢在透射电镜中的原位拉伸观察表明,如在裂尖发射位错后保持恒位移,则在裂尖能形成无位错区,这个弹性的DFZ不均匀减薄,其应力集中可等于原子键合力,从而导致纳米微裂纹在DFZ中形核,并很快钝化成空洞,如果裂尖发射位错后继续拉伸,则上述基本过程被掩盖,仅看到交滑移使裂尖区减薄,从而导致微米给空洞或裂纹的形核和连接。如稍稍卸载,则可观察到裂尖前反塞积位错群的逆返现象。  相似文献   

9.
张跃  褚武扬 《金属学报》1995,31(9):B406-B412
Ti-24Al-11Nb合金在室温下恒载荷动态充氢以及交变载荷动态充氢时,氢通过促进裂纹在滑移面上的解一,促进了裂纹扩散,不连续的氢致解理裂纹优先在α2相形核,α2/β相界面是裂纹扩展的有效障碍,氢通过促进裂尖位错的发射、解理微裂无位错区(DFZ)的形核以及解理裂纹,导致氢致解理断裂。  相似文献   

10.
Ti_3Al金属间化合物氢致解理断裂及其机理   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Ti-24Al-11Nb合金在室温下恒载荷动态充氢以及交变载荷动态充氢时,氢通过促进裂纹在滑移面上的解理,促进了裂纹扩展。不连续的氢致解理裂纹优先在α_2相形核,α_2/β相界面是裂纹扩展的有效障碍。氢通过促进裂尖位错的发射、解理微裂纹在无位错区(DFZ)的形核以及解理裂纹的扩展,导致氢致解理断裂  相似文献   

11.
The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.  相似文献   

12.
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.  相似文献   

13.
In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.  相似文献   

14.
After nearly two years' tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry (SRIF), located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.  相似文献   

15.
韩磊 《腐蚀与防护》2015,36(1):84-90,94
综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。  相似文献   

16.
The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.  相似文献   

17.
On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes' collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.  相似文献   

18.
Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.  相似文献   

19.
正Harbin General Hydraulic Machinery Works Co.,Ltd.of Yilin Hydraulic Group is the most professional production base of large-scale metallurgy oil cylinder and oil machinery cylinder in the Northeast of China.The main products include metallurgy cylinder,swell-shrink cylinder,rotating injection device,lifting cylinder,main lifting jack,front lifting jack,engineering oil cyl-  相似文献   

20.
<正>Copyright Information For Authors As soon as an article is accepted for publication,authors will be requested to assign copyright of the article(or to grant exclusive publication and dissemination rights)to the publisher(respective the owner if other than Springer).This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.More information about copyright regulations for this journal is available at  相似文献   

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