长输管道防腐层优化设计及应用技术探讨

防腐层缺陷造成管道加速腐蚀,防腐设计是长输管道建设重要内容。分析环氧粉末、聚烯烃和三层聚乙烯防腐层的优缺点,总结3LPE防腐层在制管工艺、涂装工艺、管材缺陷、热收缩带补口、内涂层失效、弯管防腐和施工质量的技术现状和瓶颈问题。提出了长输管道防腐层选型和优化设计的原则要素,旨在提高管道安全管理水平、保障管道可靠运行。     

埋地油气管道外防腐层检测及修复技术

主要研究埋地油气管道防腐层检测和修复技术,对常见埋地油气管道外防腐层检测技术进行了研究,同时讨论了埋地油气管道外防腐层修复施工工艺。     

燃气电厂循环水管道内壁阴极保护及防腐施工案例

京内某燃气电厂已投运8年，循环水管道内壁出现大面积防腐层脱落以及点腐蚀情况，为解决管道内壁腐蚀问题并提高其耐腐蚀性，决定对管道内壁进行除锈防腐工作并进行阴极保护。本文重点介绍阴极保护、管道防腐的设计和施工方案，并对施工效果进行验证。     

天然气管道3层PE防腐层失效及补强探讨

3层PE防腐层在地下管网特殊的地质条件下,腐蚀失效现象层出不穷。文中探讨了地埋管领域广泛应用的3层PE防腐层,腐蚀失效缺陷逐渐暴露,具体表现在3层PE防腐层与管道脱离、焊缝区部位防腐层撕裂、地下微生物及植物根系以及第三方施工因素导致3层PE防腐层结构破坏,对这五种3层PE防腐层失效特征进行研究。提出对防腐层破坏部位强制修补,防止在天然气管道在腐蚀作用下管道破裂导致安全事故发生,从本质上保障天然气管道的安全运行。     

长输管道不停产防腐层大修技术

东河塘至轮南输油管道，经过8年的运行，钢管外石油沥青玻璃布防腐层已老化严重甚至剥离。在不停输的情况下，对输油管道防腐层大修，特别像东-轮输油管道，地处沙漠边缘、戈壁地带，没有成熟的施工经验用以借鉴。本文就输油管道防腐层大修工艺、质量保证措施等具体内容，论述了长输管道不停产防腐层大修技术成功的经验。     

管道外防腐层抗划伤性能研究

在当前的管道建设中，熔结环氧粉末防腐层(FBE)、三层聚乙烯防腐层(3-PE)和双层环氯粉末防腐层(DPS)是最常用的外防腐层，然而在敷设过程中发现外防腐层受到的划伤极为严重，冯庆善、李获两位专家在本文中根据管道施工过程中，管道外防腐层经常被划伤这一现象，针对外防腐层的耐划伤性能进行研究，以达到控制质量、提高使用寿命的目的。研究结论的应用将显著提高管道外防腐层的抗机械损伤性能，保证了防腐层的一体性和管道运行寿命。同时，对降低工程造价、改善涂层结构具有指导意义。     

埋地管道防腐层修复技术及应用

管道防腐层修复是延长管道使用寿命,提高管道运营效益的重要手段。评估检测管道缺陷类型及损伤程度是确定管道防腐层修复技术方案的基础和关键。结合工程应用介绍埋地管道内、外防腐层修复中采用的技术方案及材料特点。重点了介绍粘弹体防腐胶带和聚乙烯内衬修复技术及应用。     

给排水管道防腐施工新技术

在给排水管道施工的过程中,不仅要注重施工技术,还要注重防腐工作的开展和执行,进而提升给排水管道的防腐能力,延长给排水管道的使用寿命。接下来,本文将结合给排水管道防腐施工的意义,探讨给排水管道防腐施工新技术。     

现场节点防腐对海底管线阴极保护设计研究

本文通过对目前海洋石油海底管线3层结构聚乙烯防腐涂层以及热缩带现场节点防腐涂层的适用条件及选择依据等的分析,研完了海底管线现场节点防腐设计对于海底管道牺牲阳极保护设计的影响,通过对比不同涂层破损率对于整条海底管道阴极保护设计的影响,同时考虑了实际铺管船的施工条件等因素优化阴极保护设计,并提供海底管道阴极保护改进建议,同时还对施工和技术到位提出看法.     

管道三层结构聚乙烯防腐层的优化

管道三层结构聚乙烯防腐层具有优异的综合防腐性能，是当今国际先进的管道外防腐技术之一，防腐层的厚度直接影响着它的机械性能、防腐性能、耐化学性能、良好的施工性能和经济性，因此防腐层的厚度倍受人们关注。本文扼要阐述了国外三层聚乙烯防腐层最小厚度确定的依据，国内应用情况调研，焊缝部位防腐层厚度试验检测；提出防腐层厚度在没有充分理论依据和实际经验的条件下，不能只从经济角度考虑，将防腐层厚度减薄。根据涂敷试验结果。在目前涂敷工艺条件下，焊缝处防腐层厚度与管体防腐层厚度的差异规定在70％较合适。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.