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1.
球形纳米银粉的制备研究   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5  
在较高浓度的硝酸银溶液中,采用水合肼为还原剂,PVP为保护剂的化学还原法制备了纳米银粉。通过对还原剂、保护剂用量和硝酸银浓度、温度、还原剂的加入方式、pH值等因素对纳米银粉粒度和形貌影响的考察,获得了制备纳米银粉的工艺。在AgNO3浓度为0.6mol/L,PVP/Ag摩尔比为1.5,水合肼浓度为0.6mol/L,pH值为5~6,温度为60℃的条件下,制备出了粒度均匀且粒度在50nm左右的纳米银粉。  相似文献   

2.
采用经硅烷偶联剂KH-560表面改性的纳米银粉作为填料,环氧树脂为基体在180℃固化得到银导电胶。借助透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)等测试手段,对改性后纳米银粉和导电胶进行了表征。研究了银粉含量、固化时间对导电胶性能的影响。结果表明:KH-560改性后的纳米银粉平均粒径为20 nm,分散均匀;KH-560以化学键合的方式吸附在纳米银颗粒的表面。银粉含量、固化时间等均会影响导电胶的性能。当银粉含量为55%,固化时间为15 min时,导电胶的体积电阻率达最小值为2.5×10-3Ω·cm。与未做任何表面处理的纳米银粉填充的导电胶相比, KH-560改性后纳米银粉所得导电胶的电导率提高了3-5倍。  相似文献   

3.
以乙醇和油酸为液相(L),油酸钠为固相(S),硝酸银水溶液为溶液相(S),用水热LSS相转移法制备了纳米银粉并对其进行表征。正交实验表明,影响纳米银粉产率的因素依次为水热处理时间乙醇用量油酸用量油酸钠用量,优化条件下所得纳米银粉产率达75.4%;用XRD、TEM和SAXS对制备的银粉进行表征,结果显示所得纳米银粉为形状规则的近球形纯银颗粒,粒度均匀且无明显团聚,平均粒径约23.7 nm。  相似文献   

4.
化学法制备片状纳米银粉的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
片状纳米银粉由于小尺寸效应、表面积大、导电性高等显示出其独特的性能,在电子、催化、能源和生物等方面有着广阔的应用前景.近年来,采用化学法来制备片状纳米银粉备受人们关注.本文从制备方法、制备机理、影响因素等方面评述了化学法制备片状纳米银粉的最新研究进展,展望了今后研究的方向.  相似文献   

5.
将3种银粉,即:片状银粉、片状银粉加入5%纳米银粉的混合粉、片状银粉加入10%纳米银粉的混合粉,加入双酚F环氧树脂中配制导电胶。通过在玻璃基片上印刷导电胶条,固化后测量其长、宽、厚和电阻,利用公式ρ=Rs/l计算体积电阻率。结果表明,当纳米银粉添加量为5%时,体积电阻率出现明显下降,混合银粉含量为75%时的体积电阻率能达到1.6×10-4?·cm。在接近"穿流阈值"时,加入纳米银粉可以增大颗粒间的接触面积,形成更多的导电通路,能降低导电胶的体积电阻率。  相似文献   

6.
纳米银溶胶的固液分离研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
以次磷酸钠液相还原法制备纳米银溶胶,通过添加试剂破坏银溶胶的稳定性,使银粒子产生聚沉或絮凝,分析了纳米银溶胶的稳定条件.考查了加入氨水的工艺条件对从银溶胶中过滤分离纳米银粉的影响,控制溶胶的pH范围可以得到不同粒度的纳米银.用有机碱性混合试剂可使溶胶中的银粒子絮凝,易于固液分离,干燥后的银粉经快速渗透剂T分散后,银粉的粒度小(10 nm~20 nm)、稳定性好.提供了从银溶胶中过滤纳米银粉的新方法,该方法工艺简单、对设备要求低、能耗小、银粉的收率高,易于实现工业化.试样经TEM分析发现,该法制备的纳米银粉粒度小(10nm~40 nm),分散性好.XRD物相分析证实其为纯的金属银.  相似文献   

7.
正交设计优化纳米银粉制备的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在较高浓度的AgNO3溶液中,采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为保护剂,次磷酸钠(NaH2PO2·H2O)为还原剂,通过化学还原法成功制备出纳米银粉.采用设计3因素3水平的正交实验L9(33),考察了还原剂浓度、保护剂用量及反应温度对纳米银粉粒度及形貌的影响,获得制备纳米银粉的最佳条件:在AgNO3浓度为1.0 mol/L时,NaH2PO2·H2O浓度为0.1 mol/L,PVP,AgNO3(质量比)为1:1,溶液pH值为1~2,反应温度为40℃的条件下,制备出类球形、分散均匀、纯度高的纳米银粉,其粒度主要分布在30~50 nm范围.  相似文献   

8.
化学还原法制备片状纳米银粉   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
通过化学还原法制备了尺寸约30nm的片状纳米银粉。研究表明,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的位阻效应防止了粉片的团聚,但是过多的CTAB则阻碍粉片的生长,不利于片状的形成,当CTAB加入量与硝酸银质量比为0.8(wCTAB:AgNO3=0.8)时,可获得片状纳米银粉;反应温度为20°C时,CTAB没有完全溶解,不能有效阻止粉片的团聚,同时反应过程缓慢导致粉片明显长大且分布不均匀,升高温度至40°C时,提高了CTAB的溶解度并促进了反应的进行,但当温度达到60°C时,反应速度过快,形核率增加,最终获得细小的粉片。pH值的升高有利于促进反应的进行,保证Ag+反应完全,但是过高的pH值破坏片状银粉周围的双电层结构,导致粉片的团聚,当pH值为6(弱酸性)时,可获得稳定分散的片状纳米银粉。  相似文献   

9.
纳米银粉的制备及其应用研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文分类总结了20世纪90年代以来国内纳米片状银粉和球形银粉的制备方法,包括还原球磨法、光诱导法、化学还原法、液相还原法、液-固相还原法、喷雾热分解法、蒸发冷凝法及雾化法等,比较了各种方法的优缺点,展望了纳米银粉制备技术的发展,同时,论述了纳米银粉现有的和潜在的用途.  相似文献   

10.
不同表面活性剂对纳米银粉在乙醇中分散性能的影响   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
在对直流电弧等离子体蒸发法制备的纳米银粉进行Zeta电位测量的基础上,以高分子型表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化氨(CTAB)以及阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和油酸作为分散剂对银粉进行分散,系统研究了超声分散时间和表面活性剂浓度对纳米银粉在无水乙醇中分散性能的影响。结果表明,固定超声功率,随超声时间和表面活性剂浓度的提高,粉体分散效果先增大后减小。PVP对其分散效果最好。其分散工艺为:1.5%(质量分数)PVP,超声分散40min。  相似文献   

11.
In this study, a low-cost, efficient and industrially feasible pathway was developed to prepare Mo nanopowder via a two-stage carbothermic reduction of commercial MoO3 with carbon black at 600 °C and 1050 °C, respectively, followed by deep hydrogen reduction at 800 °C. The sintering behaviors of the prepared Mo nanopowder and micron commercial Mo powder containing different amounts of Mo nanopowder were investigated in the temperature range of 1000 °C–1600 °C. At 1200 °C, the Mo nanopowder was sintered to near-fully densified compact with a relative density of about 95.8%, which was much higher than the value of 70% for commercial Mo powder. For the nanopowder, the grain size dramatically increased when the sintering temperature increased. The hardness of sintered nanopowder at 1200 °C (relative density, 95.8%; average grain size, 1.88 μm) was about 254 HV0.1, which was much higher than the value of 182 HV0.1 as sintering commercial micron sized Mo at 1600 °C (relative density, 93.9%). The addition of Mo nanopowder into micron Mo can noticeably activate its sintering and improve its hardness.  相似文献   

12.
采用V(NO3)5为抑制剂,分别加入到溶胶-凝胶反应前的钨酸铵溶液中及溶胶反应后的凝胶体中,制备含V前躯体粉,并经二阶段低温还原法制备纳米W粉。采用XRD表征了纳米W粉经650—950℃保温30min处理过程物相的组成及相的变化,用FESEM观察分析了纳米W粉的颗粒形貌。用定量金相测定了不同处理温度下的颗粒尺寸。初步探讨了以V(NO3)5为抑制剂对纳米W粉在还原阶段及加热保温阶段长大的抑制效果。结果表明,V(NO3)5作为抑制剂的加入可有效抑制纳米W粉在还原阶段及加热保温阶段的长大。  相似文献   

13.
Preparation and characterization of bioactive glass nanopowder and development of bioglass coating for biocompatibility improvement of 316L stainless steel (SS) implant was the aim of this work. Bioactive glass nanopowder was made by sol–gel technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique was utilized to evaluate the powders shape and size. The prepared bioactive glass nanopowder was immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution at 37 °C for 30 days. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to recognize and confirm the formation of apatite layer on the prepared bioactive glass nanopowder. Bioactive glass coating was performed on SS substrate by sol–gel technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) techniques were used to investigate the microstructure and morphology of the coating. Electrochemical polarization tests were performed in physiological solutions at 37 °C in order to determine and compare the corrosion behavior of the coated and uncoated SS specimens. Cyclic polarization tests were performed in order to compare the pitting corrosion resistance of the coated and uncoated SS specimens. The results showed that the size of bioactive glass powder was less than 100 nm. The formation of apatite layer confirmed the bioactivity of bioglass nanopowder. Bioactive glass coating could improve the corrosion resistance of 316L SS substrate. Bioactive glass coated 316L SS showed more pitting corrosion resistance in compare with pristine samples. It was concluded that by using the bioactive glass coated 316L SS as a human body implant, improvement of corrosion resistance as an indication of biocompatibility and bone bonding could be obtained simultaneously.  相似文献   

14.
In this research, nanocomposite coating was deposited on magnesium matrix AZ31B alloy using the micro arc oxidation (MAO) method. MAO was carried out in SiC-nanoparticles containing suspension using the sodium silicate and sodium aluminate bases at constant current density. The effect of nanopowder addition and MAO periods were also investigated in the present work. Using the Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the thickness and surface morphology of the coatings were studied. The coefficient of friction and abrasion rate curves were used to analyze nanopowder addition on resistance to abrasion, while the potentiodynamic curves were used for assessing the resistance to corrosion in the ceramic nanocomposite coating deposited on surface of alloy AZ31B. The morphological studies on surface of coatings revealed that the cavitation level and size increases with the increasing coating duration. Besides, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction (EDS) analyses from cross section and surface of the prepared coatings revealed that nanopowder distribution on interface of coating with matrix and boundaries of the cavities is almost uniform. The cross section studies of the coatings revealed that their thickness increases, as coating duration prolongs. Furthermore, the corrosion behavior of the samples indicated that presence of nanopowder does not significantly affect the resistance to corrosion of the coatings; however, coefficient of friction and abrasion rate of coatings indicates a respective rise and drop in presence of these nanopowders.  相似文献   

15.
以[Zn(OH)_4]~(2-)为前驱体溶液,利用聚合物和表面活性剂的共同作用来控制纳米晶的生长,化学液相法合成了纳米ZnO 单晶.借助于X-射线衍射仪、透射电镜、紫外可见光谱分析仪等手段表征和探讨了氧化锌纳米晶的物相组成、显微结构和谱学特征.并讨论了反应时间、反应温度、反应物配比等因素对产物形态的影响以及水溶性聚合物和表面活性剂的添加对无机粒子的成核和晶体生长的影响.结果表明,所得产物物相为球形结构的颗粒状纳米氧化锌,直径约为50 nm,粒径分布均匀,样品在200~300 nm可见光区域内有强的紫外吸收峰.  相似文献   

16.
以平均晶粒尺寸约3μm及20 nm的Mg_2Si粉末为原料,采用放电等离子体烧结方法制备出不同纳米、微米含量的Mg_2Si纳微米复合块体材料,系统研究了纳微米结构对材料热电性能的影响.结果表明:随复合材料中纳米颗粒含量的增加,晶界散射增强,导致材料晶格热导率κ_p有明显降低;同时晶界势垒散射的增强也导致Seebeck系数α显著增加,电导率σ有一定程度的降低;综合Seebeck系数α、电导率σ、热导率κ的影响,在纳米颗粒含量为50%(质量分数,下同)、823 K时,获得最大热电优值达0.45,分别是未掺杂纳米相和完全纳米相Mg_2Si材料的1.5及1.1倍.纳微米复合结构的引入,可以获得性能更好的Mg_2Si热电材料.  相似文献   

17.
W—Ni—Fe纳米晶粉末的流变特性   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5  
研究了W-Ni-Fe纳米晶粉末的注射成形(MIM)。纳米晶粉末采用机械合金化(MA)的方法制备,然后将这种纳米晶粉末与蜡基粘剂混合以制备出喂料。讨论了MA球磨时间、纳米粉末的体积装载量和实验温度以喂流料流变行为的影响。结果表明,随球磨时间增加,喂料粘度降低,粘度对剪切速率的敏感性也降低,因此,随球磨时间增加,喂料的流动性和成形性变好,随粉末装载量增加,喂料粘度呈非线性增加,喂料粘度与粉末装载量的关系为:η=η0A[1-(ΦΦm)]∧-n,其中n=0.68,粉末经球磨后,粘度变化随温度和剪切速率的变化不大。因此,注射温度和注射速度的变化对MTM产品的质量影响不大。  相似文献   

18.
金属纳米粉末的制备方法   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
纳米材料的科学价值和应用前景已逐渐被人们所认识,已被公认为21世纪的三大科技之一。本文系统地介绍了当前主要用于制备金属纳米粉末的方法。并对这些方法的制备过程、优缺点以及目前用这些方法制备的金属粉末的情况进行了介绍。指出了存在的问题和未来的发展方向。  相似文献   

19.
A new apparatus, with a segregable conical water cooling condenser, which is heated by an electric arc using the evaporation-condensation method to prepare carbon-coated nanopowder, has been developed by the authors. Numerical simulation of the temperature field is done by the ANSYS software, and temperature in the reaction vessel is measured with the help of an experiment, to verify the simulation result. Influence of the temperature field in the reaction vessel, on the process of preparing nanopowder is then discussed simply. It is shown that the segregable conical water cooling condenser and carbon-coated surface process can be used to prepare steady carbon-coated metal nanopowder, at a lower cost and higher yield rate than the traditional structure. Simulation of the temperature field in the apparatus shows that the arc heating method can form a temperature field in the apparatus, which is quite favorable for nanopowder formation. Experiments show that the rational parameters using this apparatus, with the arc heating method to prepare carbon-coated nanopowder are electricity 60-100 A and arc length 5-8 mm.  相似文献   

20.
采用高能球磨法制备出La0 6Eu0.4B6纳米粉体,将球磨后的纳米粉进行放电等离子(SPS)烧结,制备出了高致密的La0.6Eu0.4B6多晶块体材料.系统研究了烧结温度、烧结压力对样品致密度和力学性能的影响.结果表明,该方法与传统热压烧结方法相比有效降低了烧结温度,制备出的样品密度、维氏硬度和抗弯强度分别达到4.71 g/cm3、23.37 GPa和295.14MPa,这些值均高于传统热压烧结方法.热电子发射结果表明,当阴极温度为1873 K时,最大发射电流密度为33.74 A/cm2.实验过程中还发现,在相同烧结工艺下,球磨纳米粉与粗粉相比,维氏硬度、抗弯强度和热电子发射电流密度分别提高了28%、58%和32%.因此,在固相烧结过程中,粉末粒度的减小,更有助于烧结性能的提高.  相似文献   

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