热处理温度对ITO薄膜组织与光电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备出纳米晶ITO透明导电薄膜。采用XRD和SEM分析了薄膜物相和显微形貌。采用面电阻仪和分光光度计测量了薄膜方阻和透光率。实验结果表明,随热处理温度升高,晶化趋于完整,组织逐渐均匀致密,晶粒有所长大,700℃热处理时薄膜完全晶化。另外,随热处理温度升高,方阻减小而透光率增加。经过700℃热处理,厚度400nm的ITO膜的方阻约300Ω/□,透光率>80%。     

溶胶-凝胶提拉法制备ITO透明导电膜

采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法,利用自制的提拉实验设备于石英玻璃片上制得了ITO(indium tin oxide)透明导电薄膜,并就薄膜的物相结构、微观组织、导电性能及透光性等进行了研究分析.结果表明:薄膜的方电阻和透光性与提拉速度、提拉次数、热处理温度、冷却方式及Sn原子掺杂量等因素有关.当Sn原子掺杂量为12.5%(质量分数)、提拉速度为80 mm/min、经5次提拉且每次提拉后经550℃热处理(炉外空冷)而最终制得的ITO薄膜的方电阻为110 Ω/□,透光率可达90%以上.用溶胶-凝胶法制备ITO薄膜具有工艺简单可控,成本较低且宜于大面积成膜等优点.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备钌系薄膜电阻

利用醋酸铅、氯化钌、正硅酸乙酯为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了以钌酸铅为主晶相的钌系薄膜电阻材料,运用DTA、XRD和IR等手段对样品的结构和晶化规律进行了研究.薄膜在热处理过程中析出钉酸铅晶相,薄膜电阻方阻值随热处理峰值温度升高先减少再增加.     

基体对硅钼薄膜结构及电学性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在硅基底上制备了硅钼薄膜，并研究了不同基体对薄膜相结构、表面形貌及电学性能的影响。XRD，AFM和SEM分析结果表明，硅和石英玻璃基体上沉积的硅钼薄膜为非晶，而氧化铝基体上沉积的硅钼薄膜为多晶。四探针电阻测试结果表明，随着退火温度的升高，硅基体和氧化铝基体上的硅钼薄膜其方阻逐渐降低，而石英玻璃基体上的硅钼薄膜其方阻却异常增大。     

热处理对湿法制备ITO薄膜性能的影响

用湿法涂布的方式制备了ITO透明导电膜,考察了不同热处理条件对ITO薄膜性能的影响。结果表明,随着热处理温度的升高,ITO薄膜的导电性和透光性均逐渐增强;随着热处理时间的延长,ITO透明导电膜的电阻率表现出先增强后减弱的趋势,透光率随着热处理时间的延长而增强到某一程度后,继续延长热处理时间其透光率保持不变;真空环境有利于提高ITO透明导电膜的导电性。     

胶体法制备透明导电ITO薄膜

以锡盐和金属铟为原料采用胶体法制备ITO前驱物浆料，通过提拉法在镀有SiO2薄层的浮法玻璃基片上制备透明导电ITO薄膜。用TEM测定ITO前驱物浆料颗粒大小；用XRD、SEM、AES分别对ITO薄膜的结构和表面形貌进行表征；用分光光度计和四探针电阻仪检测ITO薄膜光电性能。结果表明：ITO前驱物浆料的颗粒粒径为2nm～15nm，具有较好的分散性和稳定性：ITO薄膜厚度越大，方电阻越小，平均透过率下降；ITO薄膜在波长为360nm～800nm区的透过率随膜厚增加有不同的影响；退火温度越高，膜方电阻越低；当膜厚为300nm、退火温度600℃时，膜方电阻达到2581Ω／n，其透过率在波长550nm处达到89．6％，且薄膜表面平整。     

快速热处理温度对纳米结构二氧化钒薄膜相变特性的影响

采用射频磁控溅射方法在单晶硅基底表面制备了单一相纳米结构二氧化钒(VO_2)薄膜,相变幅度超过2个量级;利用快速热处理设备对VO_2薄膜进行热处理,研究氮气氛下快速热处理温度对VO_2相变特性的影响。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、高精度透射电子显微镜和四探针测试仪对热处理前后薄膜的结晶结构、表面形貌和电学相变特性分别进行了测试。实验结果表明,快速热处理状态下,温度为300℃时,VO_2薄膜的电阻相变幅度由200倍增加到277倍,但是当温度超过350℃后,相变性能迅速变差,相变幅度由2个量级下降为小于1个量级,当温度超过500℃时,相变特性消失;热处理温度升高的过程中,单斜VO_2(011)结晶结构逐渐消失,薄膜的成分转变为V4O7;快速热处理过程中薄膜内的颗粒尺寸保持不变。研究结果将有助于增强对VO_2薄膜在温度差异大、变化速度快环境中的特性进行分析与应用。     

FTO/SiO_2复合薄膜的制备及电阻（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了FTO/SiO_2复合薄膜。使用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、厄氏粘度计和表面四点探针等手段,研究了乙醇与正硅酸乙酯比例、水与正硅酸乙酯比例、掺杂F、薄膜的厚度、热处理温度、溶胶黏度、薄膜表面形貌、组织结构和电阻等制备参数和性能特征。适合于制备FTO/SiO_2复合薄膜的SiO_2溶胶最佳的参数为EtOH/TEOS/H2O为4/2/1,pH为3。加热会导致薄膜产生裂纹,加热速度控制在0.25℃/min时,薄膜表面完好。掺杂F可以明显地改善薄膜的导电性,随F的掺杂浓度增加,电阻明显减小,最佳的F掺杂浓度为5mol%。在500℃以下,随热处理温度的提高,膜的导电性增加。导电性也随薄膜厚度的增加而增加。当F掺杂浓度为5mol%,薄膜厚度为1+3层溶胶,热处理温度为500℃时,FTO/SiO_2薄膜的方块电阻为270?/□。     

提高Ni-Cr合金薄膜电阻稳定性的工艺研究

目的通过改变沉积Ni-Cr合金薄膜厚度、增加保护薄膜及梯度升温热处理工艺,获得电阻稳定性良好的合金薄膜。方法采用离子束溅射镀膜工艺,沉积160、230、300 nm厚的合金薄膜,并沉积200 nm厚的Si O2保护薄膜,采用梯度升温的方式对薄膜进行真空热处理。通过安捷伦数字繁用表测试试件热处理前后阻值的大小,通过差值计算出阻值变化量,并进行薄膜电阻稳定性研究。结果与160 nm厚的合金薄膜的电阻变化相比,将厚度提高到300 nm,热处理前后阻值的变化从25?减小到2?。与没有保护膜的合金薄膜热处理前后的阻值变化相比,增加保护膜的阻值从76?减小到25?。与直接升温的薄膜热处理工艺相比,采用阶梯升温的方式进行薄膜热处理的薄膜电阻从46?减小到了25?,薄膜电阻稳定性提高。结论合金膜厚的增加可减小薄膜的边界和杂质效应,有利于提高薄膜的电阻稳定性。增加保护薄膜可阻止外界环境中水汽等对薄膜的影响,阶梯升温方式有利于薄膜残余应力的充分释放,可提高薄膜电阻的稳定性。     

工业VO2薄膜的电阻突变及其稳定性

以工业V2O5为原料，采用热分解法和还原法制备工业VO2薄膜。研究了制备工艺参数对电阻突变的影响及其在自然放置条件下的稳定性。结果表明：1）VO2薄膜的电阻突变达到了2．0－3.4个数量级，突变温度约为35℃，比纯VO2薄膜突变温度约低33℃；2)石英玻璃上的VO2薄膜的电阻突变数量级比普通玻璃上的大；3)H2还原法制备的VO2薄膜电阻突变数量级比N2热分解法制备的大；4)在自然放置条件下短时间内VO2薄膜可承受连续、反复多次的电阻突变，其突变数量级降低不多，突变温度滞后几乎没有变化；5)同等条件下石英玻璃上的VO2薄膜的电阻突变数量级降低较小、稳定性较好。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.