陶瓷结合剂研磨盘制备及研磨蓝宝石性能研究

为提高蓝宝石基片的研磨效率和质量,研制2种不同硬度的陶瓷结合剂固结金刚石研磨丸片并制作了相应的研磨盘,对蓝宝石基片进行研磨工艺试验以评估其研磨性能。结果表明:研磨时间延长,蓝宝石的材料去除率(R_MRR)和表面粗糙度(R_a)均逐渐降低最后趋于稳定;研磨盘转速提高,2种研磨盘获得的工件材料去除率均先升高后降低,在研磨盘转速为60 r/min时达到最高,分别为1.81 μm/min和1.27 μm/min,但工件表面粗糙度则持续降低;研磨压力增大,2种研磨盘获得的工件材料去除率持续升高,在研磨压力为34.5 kPa时达到最高,分别为2.03 μm/min和1.49 μm/min,且此时的蓝宝石基片表面粗糙度最低分别为0.165 μm和0.141 μm。对比2种硬度的研磨盘磨损性能可以发现,研磨盘的硬度越高,其材料去除效率越高,研磨盘磨耗比越高,但研磨后的工件表面粗糙度相对较高。      

氮化硅陶瓷球研磨去除方式

为研究研磨工艺参数对氮化硅陶瓷球表面材料去除机理及表面质量的影响,采用立式研球机,通过改变研磨盘转速和压力对氮化硅陶瓷球进行研磨试验,利用扫描电镜、超景深三维显微镜检测研磨后陶瓷球的表面形貌,并运用ABAQUS进行有限元模拟,分析研磨过程中氮化硅陶瓷球表面材料的去除方式及表面质量。研究表明:研磨盘转速和压力对研磨过程中陶瓷球表面材料的去除方式、表面缺陷和表面质量影响较大,随着研磨盘转速和压力的减小,其表面划伤、凹坑和雪花等缺陷明显减少,表面质量随之提高;当压力较大、研磨盘转速较高时,材料以二体断裂去除为主;当压力较小、研磨盘转速较低时,材料以三体脆性断裂去除为主;与二体断裂去除相比,三体脆性断裂去除产生的亚表面裂纹更深。      

易解理氧化镓晶片的半固结研磨工艺

目的 为了探究在半固结研磨工艺下的工艺参数对单晶氧化镓(100)晶面材料去除率和表面形貌的影响。方法 通过单因素试验研究研磨垫上磨料的粒度、研磨压力和研磨盘转速等工艺参数对氧化镓晶片材料去除率和表面粗糙度的影响规律,并采用正交试验对工艺参数进行优化。结果 实验结果表明,随着研磨垫上磨料粒度的增大,材料的去除率也逐渐增大,表面粗糙度也逐渐增大;随着研磨压力的增大,材料去除率逐渐增大,表面粗糙度增大的趋势逐渐减缓;随着研磨盘转速的增大,材料去除率逐渐增大,表面粗糙度变化不大。最后通过正交试验优化了工艺参数,得到优化后的最佳工艺组合,研磨垫上磨料的粒度为3μm,研磨压力为2940 Pa,研磨盘转速为60 r/min,研磨后氧化镓表面粗糙度为26 nm,材料去除率为3.786 nm/min。结论 半固结研磨工艺可以抑制解理现象,并且通过选择合适的半固结研磨工艺参数能够稳定有效地降低表面粗糙度,获得较好的氧化镓表面,并为后续的精密抛光工艺提供了技术依据。     

高精度硬质合金球行星精研工艺的研究

研究了钨钴硬质合金球行星精研加工工艺,通过正交设计,以直径去除率DRR、球度改进量Δ(ΔSph)和批直径一致性改进量Δσ为评价指标,研究磨料粒度、研磨盘转速、工作压力三个主要研磨参数对行星研磨加工效率和加工精度的影响情况。研磨试验平均球度ΔSph在0.5μm左右。分析结果表明:磨料粒度相比研磨盘转速、工作压力的影响较大,是行星精研加工质量控制和提高效率最重要的工艺因素。     

Si3N4陶瓷球研磨轨迹分析及其对表面质量的影响机制

目的 明确在相同的研磨液配比、磨料类型,不同的研磨盘转速、研磨装置施加的载荷、磨粒粒径下,陶瓷球研磨轨迹对陶瓷球表面质量的影响,确定锥形研磨法加工的氮化硅陶瓷球的最优研磨参数,提高陶瓷球的表面质量。方法 首先建立研磨盘和氮化硅陶瓷球的相对运动模型,利用MATLAB模拟不同研磨参数的下氮化硅陶瓷球的研磨轨迹,分析得到研磨参数和研磨轨迹的变化关系;再利用锥形研磨装置进行单因素实验验证,参与实验的3个变量设定为磨粒型号(粒径)、研磨盘转速和研磨装置施加载荷,将实验结果取样,通过粗糙度仪测量球体的表面粗糙度,用扫描电镜和超景深三维显微镜检测研磨后的陶瓷球表面形貌,结合仿真分析和实验结果探究研磨参数对加工后表面质量的影响。结果 将不同仿真轨迹下得到的研磨参数变化规律与实验结果相结合,得到了最佳的研磨参数,即研磨盘转速为50 r/min,施加的载荷为1.30 N,磨粒类型为W7。在此条件下得到的陶瓷球表面的粗糙度为0.009 6 μm,基本能达到实际生产中对G3级精度全陶瓷球的质量要求。结论 陶瓷球的表面质量受到研磨盘转速、研磨装置施加载荷及磨粒粒径的影响较大,由仿真分析和实验结合可知,在研磨过程中随着磨粒粒径的减小,以及研磨盘转速和载荷的下降,陶瓷球的研磨轨迹趋于稀疏,表面粗糙度Ra呈下降趋势。研磨氮化硅陶瓷球时取粒径较小的磨粒,以较低的研磨盘转速和较小的研磨装置施加载荷有利于提高其表面质量。此研究成果对提高陶瓷球的表面质量具有重要的指导意义。     

蓝宝石晶片粗磨工艺的研究

采用碳化硼（粒度尺寸61μm）作为磨料配制的研磨液对蓝宝石表面进行粗磨,并研究其工艺。通过单因素实验,选用不同悬浮液、不同研磨压力、不同质量分数碳化硼进行实验。结果表明:当碳化硼磨料质量分数为20%,悬浮液为CM-F系列,研磨液流量250mL/min,研磨盘转速80r/min,研磨时间30min,研磨压力2.8×104 Pa时,研磨效果好,材料去除率可达2.47μm/min,表面无肉眼可见划痕,在OLYMPUS-MX50下观察,晶片表面无明显划伤。      

基于自转一阶非连续式微球双平盘研磨的运动学分析与实验研究

目的 分析不同研磨压力、下研磨盘转速、保持架偏心距和固着磨料粒度对微球精度的影响,确定自转一阶非连续式双平面研磨方式在加工GCr15轴承钢球时的最优研磨参数,提高微球的形状精度和表面质量。方法 首先对自转一阶非连续式双平盘研磨方式微球进行运动学分析,引入滑动比衡量微球在不同摩擦因数区域的运动状态,建立自转一阶非连续式双平盘研磨方式下的微球轨迹仿真模型,利用MATLAB对研磨轨迹进行仿真,分析滑动比对研磨轨迹包络情况的影响。搭建自转一阶非连续式微球双平面研磨方式的实验平台,采用单因素实验分析主要研磨参数对微球精度的影响,得到考虑圆度和表面粗糙度的最优参数组合。结果 实验结果表明,在研磨压力为0.10 N、下研磨盘转速为20 r/min、保持架偏心距为90 mm、固着磨料粒度为3000目时,微球圆度由研磨前的1.14 μm下降至0.25 μm,表面粗糙度由0.129 1 μm下降至0.029 0 μm。结论 在自转一阶非连续式微球双平盘研磨方式下,微球自转轴方位角发生突变,使研磨轨迹全覆盖在球坯表面。随着研磨压力、下研磨盘转速、保持架偏心距的增大,微球圆度和表面粗糙度呈现先降低后升高的趋势。随着研磨压力与下研磨盘转速的增大,材料去除速率不断增大,随着保持架偏心距的增大,材料去除速率降低。随着固着磨料粒度的减小,微球的圆度和表面粗糙度降低,材料去除速率降低。     

圆光栅玻璃的游离磨料研磨抛光加工工艺

用游离磨料对圆光栅玻璃表面进行了研磨抛光实验,讨论了磨粒尺寸、磨料质量分数、加工时间、研磨盘转速、加载压力、抛光垫材料对试件表面粗糙度和材料去除率的影响。研究表明,硬质抛光垫能更好地保持试件的平面度。获得的优化工艺参数组合为:研磨盘转速75r/min;磨料质量分数10%;研磨液流量10mL/min;5μm的Al2O3加载压力0.019MPa,粗研20min;1μm的Al2O3加载压力0.015MPa,精研20min;30nm的CeO2加载压力0.012MPa,精抛10min。在该工艺组合下,获得了表面粗糙度值Ra为3.3nm、平面度为5μm的圆光栅玻璃。     

钛酸钡陶瓷基片的双面研抛加工研究

采用氧化铝磨料对钛酸钡(BaTiO3)陶瓷基片进行双面研磨加工,分析磨料粒径、研磨压力、研磨盘转速、磨料浓度以及研磨液流量等研磨工艺参数对基片表面粗糙度和材料去除率的影响。采用双面研磨工艺,依次用W14、W7、W5的氧化铝磨料对钛酸钡陶瓷基片(原始粗糙度Ra0.219μm)在研磨压力3.26kPa、研磨盘转速为37r/min、磨料质量浓度为9%、研磨液流量10mL/min的研磨参数下,进行粗研、半精研、精研,取得了表面粗糙度Ra0.076 6μm的研磨片。对研磨片继续用W0.2SiO2抛光可获得表面粗糙度Ra为6nm的超光滑表面。同时,用激光共聚焦显微镜和扫描电镜观察了不同加工阶段的基片表面形貌,并分析了材料去除机理;采用氧化铝磨料的研磨过程中,材料以脆性断裂去除为主;采用SiO2磨料抛光过程中,工件材料以塑性去除为主。     

氮化铝陶瓷基片的集群磁流变效应研磨加工

采用集群磁流变效应研磨加工方法对氮化铝(AlN)陶瓷基片进行研磨加工,系统地分析了主要工艺参数的影响和最终经过精密研磨后的加工表面形貌特征。结果表明,集群磁流变效应研磨加工方法可以实现对氮化铝(AlN)陶瓷基片的高效率高精度研磨加工,原始表面Ra1.730μm经过粗研10 min和精研30 min后可以达到0.029μm,下降两个数量级。在粗研阶段,选用二氧化硅磨料#4000、磨料体积分数12%、研磨盘转速150 r/min、研磨压力3.5 kPa,可以获得较高的材料去除率和较光滑的加工表面。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.