具有良好壁面过渡能力的新型爬壁机器人动力学建模与分析

不同类型的环境和凹凸不平的壁面对爬壁机器人的平稳性和可靠性提出要求,设计一种轮足式永磁吸附检测风力发电机故障的爬壁机器人,该机器人具有一定的负载能力、越障能力、灵活可靠等特点,可以实现水平壁面到竖直墙壁的交互式过渡。根据永磁吸附爬壁机器人运动原理,设计其机械结构并建立机器人沿风力发电机塔筒向上、向下以及悬壁面3种姿态的力学和运动学模型,运用Matlab/Simulink软件,对爬壁机器人在不同位置下瞬时启动的加速度进行仿真,最后利用ADAMS软件对爬壁机器人壁面越障进行了实验仿真。样机实验及仿真实验结果表明:该新型爬壁机器人在运行中平稳可靠,能够很好地实现壁面平稳过渡,为爬壁机器人在实际作业中平稳运动提供了理论依据。     

船舶除锈爬壁机器人设计方案研究

为实现船舶表面自动除锈,使修造船的涂装工作有效进行,研究一种具有超高压水射流除锈和真空回收锈渣能力的船舶除锈爬壁机器人。提出船舶除锈爬壁机器人设计方案,指出该机器人的设计难点,制定机器人设计技术路线。针对机器人的设计指标和设计条件,选择关键机构和关键元件,设计该机器人的本体结构,确定该机器人的控制方案。机器人样机试验结果表明:船舶除锈爬壁机器人有较好的性能,机器人总体设计方案可行。     

配网带电作业机器人系统的设计

为了提高配网带电作业的安全性和作业效率,设计配网带电作业机器人系统,包括主从遥操作液压机械臂、控制系统、带电作业工具系统、绝缘防护系统和绝缘斗臂车等,描述其特有的结构、技术参数和工作原理。采用主从位置闭环随动控制,主从手同构,主手具备力反馈,提高操作的灵活性和工作效率。在10 kV配网带电线路进行试验,验证了设计的合理性和优越性。     

GRB-400型机械臂实验平台的研究与开发

文章研究是以实验室现有的GRB-400型机械臂为基础，进行机器人实验平台的开发与设计。提出了将GRB-400型机械臂改造成闭环的、可移动的机器人实验平台的总体方案，并进行了构造后的移动机器人的运动学分析；同时开发了系统软件，实现了机器人的点位运动控制和轨迹运动控制。所开发的系统软件全部通过调试，界面友好、运行正常。     

基于改进SIFT算法的机械臂识别抓取研究北大核心

为解决水下机器人进行水下目标物识别时,存在的计算速度慢、抗噪声能力差等问题,提出一种基于SIFT和FLANN的图像识别算法,并在自主研发的机械臂平台上进行验证。使用改进算法提高目标识别的准确率;基于D-H法建立机械臂模型进行运动学分析,实现系统优化控制。利用机械臂进行多组抓取实验。结果表明:所提方法不仅可以准确地识别海参,同时可以自动调节识别框的位置,提高机械臂抓取的成功率,验证了该算法的有效性。     

主从式遥操作配网带电作业机器人研究

针对配网环境差、供电范围大、事故率高且检修困难等特点,对主从式遥操作配网带电作业机器人进行了研究,主要包括对总体设计方案、移动绝缘升降机构、机器人高空作业平台、人机操作交互控制系统的研究,并进行了试验验证,结果表明:主从式遥操作配网带电作业机器人能够完成断接引流线、除枝、清除异物等带电作业任务。     

基于STM32的负压爬壁机器人控制系统设计

针对负压爬壁机器人(NPWCR)在高楼危险环境下进行侦察监控的灵活性、易控性和壁面适应性要求,设计一种基于STM32负压爬壁机器人的控制系统。该控制系统以STM32F103RCT6微控制器作为核心处理器,采用模块化进行功能设计,包括主控模块、电源模块、电机驱动模块、无线通信模块、风机驱动模块、摄像头模块等。各模块共同作用,实现机器人的连续运动、无线通信、视频实时监控等功能。该控制系统可以控制负压爬壁机器人在壁面灵活移动,操作负压爬壁机器人携带侦察监控设备进行实时监控,为开发多功能负压爬壁机器人的控制系统提供参考。     

基于Android的双轮机器人控制系统研究与设计

双轮机器人系统具有与传统倒立摆相似的多变量、非线性、强耦合和参数不稳定等特点。针对系统的复杂性,文章提出了基于Android平台和蓝牙通信模块实现对移动机器人的无线控制方式,采用基于DMP和Kalman滤波相结合的姿态数据处理算法及双闭环PID控制算法相结合的控制方法,实现双轮机器人的自平衡控制。文中创新地在系统上增加两个机械臂,借助机械臂能够使系统快速恢复平衡以及当系统休眠时,借助机械臂保持平衡实现节能的目的。测试结果表明,该系统能够通过蓝牙准确地发送、接收数据,控制精度高、系统稳定性好、时间响应快。     

行走式爬壁机器人元器件组合优化设计

针对实现机器人运动功能的元器件类型和其组合间的关联和制约关系，提出一种基于蚁群算法的行走式爬壁机器人元器件组合优化设计方法。依据爬壁机器人工作原理进行功能分解及元器件选用，建立功能元器件矩阵；按照功能实现程度对元器件及元器件间匹配程度进行评价，获得元器件匹配度矩阵及设计方案评价模型；针对设计方案评价模型及优化目标，使用蚁群算法寻求元器件匹配度矩阵中最优解；并开展优化设计后机器人与优化前机器人的对比实验研究。实验结果表明：优化后的机器人在研制成本降低的基础上，壁面运动性能及稳定性显著提升。     

名优茶并联采摘机器人逆向运动学分析

结合并联机构的特点及茶叶采摘技术,创新性地开展了名优茶并联采摘机器人的研究。建立了机器人逆向运动学模型,利用齐次坐标变换计算出机器人运动学逆解;并在给定运动激励下,在MATLAB中绘制出动平台驱动臂的转角曲线。运用Pro/E绘制机器人三维图并导入ADAMS,建立了机器人虚拟样机模型,通过仿真获得驱动臂的转角曲线。上述两种方法的比较结果验证了机器人逆向运动学问题计算的正确性,同时表明了ADAMS仿真结果具有较好的精确性,并在此基础上制作了机器人原理样机。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.