16MnR钢在含H2S介质中的慢应变速率腐蚀试验研究

通过慢应变速率法(SSRT)应力腐蚀试验，研究了16MnR钢的H2S应力腐蚀敏感性，修正了计算应力腐蚀敏感性指数的方程.结果表明，水溶液中pH值对16MnR钢的应力腐蚀影响较大，16MnR钢的应力腐蚀敏感性H2S浓度应该根据pH值确定.     

碳酸盐硫化氢复杂环境中16MnR钢应力腐蚀敏感性研究

采用慢应变速率拉伸试验研究了16MnR钢在碳酸盐和硫化氢复杂环境中的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性.结果表明,在含碳酸盐和硫化氢的复杂介质环境中,16MnR钢的应力腐蚀敏感性指数低于25%;温度由常温升高至57.5℃时,16MnR钢母材与热影响区的应力腐蚀敏感性略有升高,碳酸盐和硫化氢浓度对16MnR钢在此复杂环境中的应力腐蚀敏感...     

16MnR系列材料在油田H_2S-CO_2-Cl~-环境下的耐蚀性

通过应力腐蚀试验及全面腐蚀试验,系统地研究了16MnR系列压力容器用钢在油气田高含H2S-CO2-Cl-环境下的抗腐蚀性能,分析了16MnR系列钢在这种工况条件下作为压力容器用材的适用性。结果表明,16MnR(HIC)母材和焊接接头满足抗硫化物应力开裂(SSC)的基本要求,可以在pH值6以上、50℃以下的介质中任意H2S、CO2和Cl-含量下安全使用,其他16MnR材料对硫化物应力开裂(SSC)和氢诱导开裂(HIC)较敏感。在选材时还应在实际模拟工况条件下进行全浸腐蚀试验,以确定其腐蚀速率。     

碳钢渗铝换热器在常减压装置低温部位的腐蚀研究

用双U形恒应变实验方法，研究了20#碳钢、16MnR、碳钢渗铝基材及焊接材料浸泡在不同硫化物浓度的油品介质中的开裂敏感性。实验结果及现场挂片数据表明：焊接材料更易于发生湿H2S应力腐蚀开裂；渗铝钢有更低的H2S开裂敏感性，适宜在常减压装置低温部位换热器上应用。     

1Cr13不锈钢在湿H_2S环境中的应力腐蚀行为

对海洋油气井用1Cr13不锈钢进行了慢应变速率试验,并结合扫描电镜分析研究了其在不同腐蚀环境中的应力腐蚀敏感性。通过回归分析软件,建立了1Cr13不锈钢的应力腐蚀敏感指数与各参数之间关系的数学模型。结果表明:1Cr13不锈钢在H_2S体积分数小于0.17%,pH大于3的环境中有较好的抗应力腐蚀能力;交互四次型回归方程可以较好地反映1Cr13不锈钢应力腐蚀敏感指数Iδ与pH、Cl-质量分数、温度和H_2S体积分数等介质参数的关系,并且H_2S质量分数和温度对应力腐蚀敏感指数产生交互作用。     

不同钢制造LPG球罐在湿H2S环境下失效行为的对比研究

对16MnR钢和SPV50Q钢液化石油气(LPG)球罐在湿H2S环境下的失效行为进行了对比研究.通过观察从16MnR钢球罐上所取下的严重腐蚀球壳板的裂纹特 征和SPV50Q球罐内壁所作金相复膜照片的裂纹形貌,以及分析现场所测试的硬度和残余应力,表明：16MnR钢球罐的失效是由氢诱导开裂(HIC)所引起,损伤部位发生在母材上,而SPV50Q钢球罐则是由硫化物应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)所造成,裂纹主要出现在焊接接头附近的热影响区(HAZ).     

16MnR 钢在催化裂化再生环境中的应力腐蚀裂研究简

通过U形试样应力腐蚀实验、电化学极化曲线等方法,在模拟催化裂化再生器环境条件下,研究了HNO3-H2SO4-H2O体系中16MnR钢及其焊缝的应力腐蚀行为。结果表明:16MnR钢焊接接头在不同实验条件下均比基材更易产生硝酸盐应力腐蚀开裂,其机理主要是阳极溶解;引入硫酸根和降低pH值均能破坏16MnR钢的保护膜,增大其焊接接头的应力腐蚀敏感性;当溶液的pH值降低至2以下时,材料处于活化状态,发生严重的均匀腐蚀。     

激光冲击处理对X70管线钢焊接接头H_2S应力腐蚀影响

采用慢应变速率法(SSRT)进行了X70管线钢焊接接头在H2S介质中应力腐蚀试验,研究了H2S对X70管线钢焊接接头应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)的敏感性,分析了激光冲击处理对X70管线钢焊接接头抗H2S应力腐蚀开裂SSCC行为的影响。结果表明,经激光冲击处理后X70管线钢焊接接头表面产生了晶粒细化和残余压应力,提高了管线钢焊接接头在NACE饱和H_2S溶液中抗应力腐蚀性能;原始状态试样在NACE饱和H_2S溶液中慢拉伸试验平均应力腐蚀敏感性指数>25%,有明显的应力腐蚀倾向;经激光冲击处理后试样在NACE饱和H_2S溶液中平均应力腐蚀敏感性指数为19.05%,应力腐蚀倾向不明显,因此,激光冲击处理有效地提高了X70管线钢焊接接头的抗应力腐蚀性能。     

新型超高强度钢Cr12Ni4Mo2Co14在酸性环境中的应力腐蚀行为

采用慢应变速率拉伸实验研究了一种新型超高强度钢在酸性环境中Cl~-和H对应力腐蚀行为的交互作用,并采用SEM观察了试样断口形貌.结果表明,Cl~-显著提高Cr12Ni4Mo2Co14钢的应力腐蚀敏感性,实验条件下临界Cl~-浓度[Cl~-]c为0.15%左右.当Cl~-浓度高于[Cl~-]c时,Cl~-引发严重的点蚀,应力腐蚀裂纹起源于点蚀坑处.Cr12Ni4Mo2Co14钢在含Cl~-溶液中的断裂机理可以用"滑移-膜破裂"机制进行解释.充氢后的Cr12Ni4Mo2Co14钢发生氢致开裂,断口上出现二次裂纹.临界充氢电流密度i_([H]c)为10 m A/cm~2(溶液p H=5,充氢时间为30 min).当充氢电流密度大于i_([H]c)时,Cr12Ni4Mo2Co14的强度损失和塑性损失趋于最大值.溶液中的Cl~-浓度和材料中的H有复杂的交互作用,并非简单的加和作用.     

16Mn(HIC)钢在硫化氢环境中的应力腐蚀开裂行为

用慢应变速率拉伸实验及U形弯试样浸泡实验研究了16Mn钢和16Mn(HIC)钢的基体及焊缝材料在酸性H2S溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为.结果表明:在实验条件下上述材料均具有明显的SCC敏感性,其裂纹是氢致开裂引起的穿晶型应力腐蚀开裂;16Mn(HIC)钢抗SCC的性能优于16Mn钢,但16Mn(HIC)不具有明显的耐SCC的性能;两种材料焊缝的SCC敏感性明显大于母材,热处理能够改善焊缝抗应力腐蚀开裂的性能.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.