HIPSN陶瓷高效精密磨削工艺优化试验研究

目的针对HIPSN(热等静压氮化硅)陶瓷精密加工效率低、成本高、难度大的问题,对HIPSN陶瓷高效精密磨削加工工艺进行优化。方法利用高精度成形磨床对HIPSN陶瓷进行试验,分析砂轮线速度、磨削深度、工件进给速度等工艺参数对磨削后表面质量的影响规律。结果磨削深度由0.005 mm增加到0.050 mm,表面粗糙度值由0.2773μm减小到0.2198μm,并趋于稳定;工件进给速度由1000 mm/min增加到15 000 mm/min,表面粗糙度值由0.2454μm减小到0.2256μm,之后增大到0.2560μm,并趋于稳定;砂轮线速度由20 m/s增加到50 m/s,表面粗糙度值由0.2593μm减小到0.2296μm。随着工件进给速度的增大,表面波纹度平均间距Sw由0 mm直线增加到5.90 mm;随着砂轮线速度的提高,平均间距Sw由2.33 mm直线减小到0.68 mm。优化工艺参数组合:砂轮线速度50 m/s,磨削深度0.030 mm,工件进给速度3000 mm/min。结论表面粗糙度值与磨削深度和砂轮线速度呈负相关,随着工件进给速度的增大,表面粗糙度值先减小后增大,之后趋于稳定。减小工件进给速度、提高砂轮线速度有助于改善表面波纹度。     

纳米结构金属陶瓷(n-WC/Co)涂层材料精密磨削的试验研究

本文对纳米结构金属陶瓷（n-WC/Co）涂层材料在金刚石砂轮精密磨削过程中的磨削力进行了较详细的试验研究。对常规结构金属陶瓷(n-WC/Co）和n-WC/Co涂层材料的磨削力作了对比磨削试验,分析了磨削工艺参数如砂轮磨削深度,工件进给速度,金刚石砂轮结合剂类型和磨粒尺寸以及被磨试件材料特性等对磨削力的影响,结合被磨试件表面的扫描电镜（SEM）的观察,分析了n-WC/Co涂层材料磨削的材料去除机理,研究结果表明：在相同磨削条件下,纳米结构陶瓷涂层的磨削力始终高于常规结构陶瓷涂层的磨削力;在其它磨削条件相同的情况下,用金属结合剂砂轮磨削工件所需的磨削力要比树脂结合剂砂轮,陶瓷结合剂砂轮所需的磨削力大些,磨粒尺寸小的砂轮磨削工件所需的总磨削力要比磨粒尺寸在的砂轮所需的磨削力大些,磨削力随砂轮磨削深度,工件进给速度的增加而增大;一般情况下,n-WC/Co涂层材料精密磨削过程的材料去除机理中,占主导方式的是塑性成形的材料去除方式。     

封严涂层可磨耗性测试用高温超高速可磨耗试验装置

为评价航空发动机气路密封中封严涂层材料在极端工况下的可磨耗性能,自主研制了一套模拟涂层与转子部件之间摩擦磨损行为的高温超高速可磨耗试验装置。采用大功率交流电机经由增速设备驱动主轴和试验轮盘-叶片结构高速稳定运转;采用高精密XY双向进给平台带动涂层试样进行径向和轴向进给,实现与高速旋转叶片的碰磨;通过超音速火焰加热涂层试样模拟其高温工况;高速碰磨产生的碰磨力、冲击加速度、摩擦热分别通过三向测力仪、加速度传感器、红外测温仪进行测量,并由高速数据采集系统进行高频采集、存储和分析。试验装置可实现叶尖线速度20~450 m/s、径向和轴向进给速率2~2 000μm/s、最高加热温度1 200℃的磨耗试验,试验过程稳定、结果可靠。     

微钙钢中第二相粒子细化晶粒效果的研究

通过热处理试验、热模拟试验以及埋弧焊试验,研究了微钙钢中的第二相粒子对奥氏体晶粒的细化效果。结果表明:在热处理条件下微钙钢的奥氏体晶粒尺寸随保温时间的延长而增大,但增大幅度较小;热模拟条件下微钙钢当t8/5=80 s时,模拟CGHAZ的奥氏体晶粒尺寸为80μm,t8/5=200 s时约为110μm,细化效果明显;焊接条件下,未加钙钢CGHAZ的晶粒平均尺寸约为400μm,微钙钢CGHAZ平均晶粒尺寸约为120μm,细化效果显著。微钙钢中的第二相粒子能够有效地细化奥氏体晶粒。     

ZrO2陶瓷平面磨削温度仿真分析与实验研究

目的研究工程陶瓷磨削参数对磨削温度的影响,磨削参数包括金刚石砂轮线速度、磨削深度及工件进给速度。方法以金刚石砂轮平面磨削ZrO_2陶瓷为例,运用ABAQUS建立单颗金刚石磨粒磨削ZrO_2陶瓷的有限元模型,分析磨粒磨削陶瓷过程。同时通过正交实验法设计多组关于金刚石砂轮线速度、磨削深度及工件进给速度的磨削组合参数实验,利用人工热电偶法对磨削温度进行测量,将实验结果与仿真结果进行对比分析。结果砂轮线速度由30 m/s增加到50 m/s,磨削深度由5μm增加到15μm,工件进给速度由1000 mm/min增加到3000 mm/min,磨削温度和磨削热分配比均增加,仿真结果与实验结果基本一致。结论磨削过程中磨削深度和工件进给速度对磨削温度的影响较大,随着金刚石砂轮线速度、磨削深度及工件进给速度的增加,磨削温度和磨削热分配比均增大。     

SiCp/Al复合材料端磨磨削力模型构建与试验研究

针对SiCp/Al逐层磨削两相三维重构需要精密高效端磨的问题，基于单颗磨粒磨削SiCp/Al的磨削力，在考虑切屑变形力、摩擦力、SiC颗粒断裂破碎力的基础上，建立SiCp/Al的端磨磨削力解析模型，结合试验研究切削速度、工件进给速度和轴向磨削深度等参数对加工表面粗糙度的影响规律，并探讨SiCp/Al金相表面快速磨削的加工工艺。结果表明：构建的端磨磨削力解析模型与试验的法向磨削力Fn的总体平均误差为12.98%，切向磨削力Ft的总体平均误差为3.49%；表面粗糙度随切削速度增大而减小，随进给速度和轴向磨削深度的增大而增大；用磨料颗粒基本尺寸为13.0μm的磨具，经过6次磨抛获得良好金相表面，所需磨削加工时间为600 s，可实现SiCp/Al金相表面的快速磨削。     

金刚石砂轮磨削轴承用ZrO2 陶瓷表面质量研究

在氧化锆陶瓷磨削中为获得较高质量表面,采用单因素试验研究磨削深度、砂轮线速度、工件进给速度对氧化锆陶瓷精密磨削表面质量的影响规律及材料去除机理,通过超景深三维显微镜以及扫描电子显微镜,观察氧化锆陶瓷试件磨削后的表面形貌,最后用正交试验法进行优选并验证。结果表明:磨削表面的粗糙度随磨削深度、工件进给速度增大而增大,随砂轮线速度增大先减小、后增大。在磨削深度5 μm、砂轮线速度40 m/s、工件进给速度1 000 mm/min的优化组合条件下,磨削3组氧化锆陶瓷的平均表面粗糙度R_a为0.388 9 、0.417 0和0.403 7 μm。      

Ti6Al4V合金表面氩弧熔覆原位合成TiC-TiB2增强钛基复合涂层组织与耐磨性

以B4C和Ni60A粉末为预涂材料,采用氩弧熔覆技术,在Ti6Al4V合金表面原位合成TiC与TiB₂增强相增强钛基复合材料涂层.运用XRD,SEM等分析手段研究了复合涂层的显微组织,利用显微硬度仪测试了复合涂层的显微硬度并用磨损试验机分析了其在室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能.结果表明,熔覆层组织主要由TiC和TiB₂组成,TiC颗粒和TiB₂颗粒弥散分布在基体上,TiC颗粒的尺寸为2~3μm,而呈长条状的TiB₂颗粒尺寸为3~5μm.显微硬度和耐磨性测试结果表明,该复合涂层显微维氏硬度高达1200MPa左右,复合涂层的耐磨性能比Ti6Al4V基体提高约20倍.     

DD9镍基单晶高温合金的缓进给磨削烧伤实验

针对第三代单晶高温合金DD9磨削烧伤问题，设计三因素五水平实验，从表面形貌、显微硬度和显微组织等角度出发，研究磨削工艺参数对烧伤的影响规律。结果表明：当工件进给速度小于等于250 mm/min时，磨削表面粗糙度Ra在0.8μm左右小幅度变化，表面质量较好；当工件进给速度大于250 mm/min，磨削深度超过1.0 mm后，磨削区域温度急剧上升，磨削纹路被破坏，出现涂覆、凹坑等磨削缺陷，工件表面发生烧伤；DD9合金缓进给磨削工件表面及表层均表现为加工硬化，显微硬度为400～600 HV，硬化层深度在50～110μm，塑性变形层厚度为1～10μm。推荐的DD9磨削工艺参数组合为：砂轮线速度vs=20 m/s，进给速度vw=250 mm/min，磨削深度ap=0.6 mm。     

树脂金刚石砂轮磨削钒酸钇晶体中磨削参数对力和磨削表面质量的影响

本文用树脂结合剂金刚石砂轮对钒酸钇晶体进行了平面磨削实验,研究了砂轮线速度、工件进给速度和磨削深度对磨削力和磨削表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:磨削力和磨削表面粗糙度都是随着砂轮线速度的增加而减小,随进给速度和磨削深度的增加而增加,其中磨削深度对磨削力影响最大,砂轮线速度对磨削表面粗糙度影响最大。钒酸钇晶体的磨削表面主要由断裂区域和光滑区域组成,当砂轮线速度为30m/s时,磨削表面存在宽度约100μm的裂痕,而随着砂轮线速度的上升,裂痕宽度降低到50μm以下,同时光滑区域所占的比例增加,这可能与发生塑性变形的机率增大有关。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.