多孔阳极氧化铝膜EIS阻抗谱研究

为进一步研究多孔氧化铝膜的结构和性能,采用电化学综合分析仪测量并分析不同工艺条件下所制备的阳极氧化铝膜的电化学交流阻抗EIS图谱,建立了不同工艺条件下制备的阳极氧化铝膜的等效电路模型.结果表明:在草酸、磷酸电解液中形成的阳极氧化铝膜是多孔双层膜.在硫酸电解液中形成的直流阳极氧化铝膜的等效电路中无多孔层信息.采用直流、交流和脉冲不同电源方式,在不同电解液中制备的氧化铝膜的EIS阻抗谱各不相同,所模拟的等效电路也有所不同.     

纳米多孔氧化铝膜的制备与结构表征

采用二次阳极氧化法,以草酸为电解液,制备纳米多孔氧化铝膜。利用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜和X射线衍射仪对氧化铝薄膜的微观形貌和相组成进行了表征,研究了二次阳极氧化法制备纳米多孔氧化铝膜的过程和成膜机理。结果表明:二次阳极氧化制备的纳米多孔氧化铝膜为非定型态,所得孔洞排列规则且分布均匀,平均孔径约为29 nm,孔密度为1.74×1010个/cm2。纳米多孔氧化铝膜的形成经历了阻挡层形成、微孔层形成和多孔层形成与长大等阶段。     

氧化次数对制备多孔阳极氧化铝膜的影响

在8℃、0.3 mol/L浓度的草酸电解液中,施加40 V直流电压,采用两步阳极氧化法在高纯度铝箔上制备了多孔阳极氧化铝（AAO）膜。用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）对一次、二次氧化制备的多孔氧化铝膜的表面形貌进行了表征。用XRD对原始铝箔及用二次氧化法制备的氧化铝膜的相结构进行了表征。用TEM观察了扩孔后多孔膜的通透性。结果表明,用二次阳极氧化制备的多孔膜明显比用一次法制得的更规则、有序和更厚,为非晶态的Al2O3。     

低电压下多孔阳极氧化铝膜的制备

选取草酸溶液电解液,采用低压恒压法与二次阳极氧化工艺制备了多孔阳极氧化铝膜(AAO)。借助扫描电镜(SEM),观察了电解液浓度和氧化时间对多孔阳极氧化铝膜的形貌、孔径和孔间距的影响,得到电流随时间的变化曲线。研究了多孔阳极氧化铝膜层厚度与电流密度及氧化时间之间的关系,探讨了多孔阳极氧化铝膜形成机理,优化了阳极氧化制备工艺。结果表明:利用低压恒压法,在氧化电压18 V,氧化时间12 h,氧化液浓度0.6 mol/L时,可制备孔径均匀、高度有序的多孔阳极氧化铝膜。     

阳极氧化法制备多孔氧化铝模板

采用阳极氧化法，以硫酸为电解液制备了多孔氧化铝模板。讨论了氧化电压和电解液温度对多孔阳极氧化铝膜的孔径的影响。试验结果表明，当氧化时间为6h时，氧化膜厚度达到最大值35．6μm。XRD分析结果证实，多孔氧化铝膜由非晶态的Al2O3组成。     

制备纳米材料的多孔型氧化铝膜板的阳极氧化工艺研究

多孔型阳极氧化铝膜是制备纳米材料的理想模板。以草酸为电解液研究了高纯铝的阳极氧化工艺,采用扫描电镜对多孔型阳极氧化铝膜的表面及断面形貌进行表征。讨论了阳极氧化电压和电解液温度对多孔阳极氧化铝膜的孔径及孔密度的影响。对氧化膜厚度的测定结果表明,当氧化时间为7 h时,氧化膜厚度达到最大值36μm。     

电化学法研究铝阳极氧化膜的抗腐蚀性

工业纯铝L2在硫酸溶液中进行阳极氧化制得阳极氧化膜,测试了此阳极氧化膜在NaCl溶液中的电化学性能。通过动态极化法和交流阻抗法对阳极氧化膜进行分析,发现阳极氧化膜的制备条件(电解液浓度、时间、电压等)不同时,膜的抗腐蚀性能也不同。电化学阻抗法测定表明,随浸泡时间的增加,膜阻抗值明显增大,可能是多孔膜在介质溶液中存在一个自然水合封闭的过程。     

铝阳极氧化膜在NaCl溶液中的电化学性能

采用交流阻抗法研究了工业纯铝L3阳极氧化膜在中性NaCl溶液中交流阻抗谱的变化规律, 比较了未封闭处理与沸水封闭处理后氧化膜的交流阻抗谱的差异, 并结合等效电路分析了氧化膜多孔层与阻挡层电化学参数的变化.结果表明, 未封闭的阳极氧化膜在NaCl溶液中浸泡初期存在一个自封闭过程, 封闭处理明显提高氧化膜多孔层的初始Rp值并降低初始CPEp值; 溶液中侵蚀性离子浓度越高, 封闭处理提高铝阳极氧化膜的耐蚀性能作用越明显.     

阳极氧化工艺对6061铝合金草酸氧化膜耐磨耐蚀性的影响

为改善6061铝合金的表面耐磨性能和耐蚀性能,利用阳极氧化技术在草酸电解液中制备了阳极氧化膜。采用显微硬度仪测试了膜层的显微硬度,利用摩擦磨损试验机(CSEM)研究阳极氧化膜的摩擦性能,利用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析氧化膜的抗腐蚀性能。研究了阳极氧化电流密度、电解液温度以及阳极氧化时间对氧化膜的硬度、耐磨性及耐蚀性的影响规律,给出综合性能较好的阳极氧化工艺参数:电解液为40 g·L-1的草酸,阳极氧化温度为10℃,阳极氧化电流密度为1.0 A·dm-2,阳极氧化时间为120 min。     

硼-硫酸-草酸电解液降压阳极氧化疏孔膜层制备及表征

使用铝合金在硼-硫酸-草酸电解液中阳极氧化制备有序多孔层。初步探讨了恒流和降压阳极氧化过程膜层生长机理,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察膜层微观形貌,结合电化学阻抗和动电位极化曲线研究不同阳极化工艺制备膜层试样在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀行为。结果表明,采用三段变压方式制备的阳极氧化膜表面孔密度降低,孔壁增厚,孔径为10~13 nm。疏孔膜层的电化学行为表明孔壁及膜层厚度增大能提高试样电荷传递电阻和耐蚀性能。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis