淬火介质及工艺对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金腐蚀性能的影响

采用晶间腐蚀、剥落腐蚀、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法,研究了不同的淬火方式对Al-6.5Zn-2.65Mg-2.2Cu-0.3Sc-0.13Zr锻造态铝合金的腐蚀性能及显微组织的影响.结果表明,空气中自然冷却淬火严重降低了T6时效态合金的抗腐蚀性能.而采用室温水淬的T6时效态合金比室温油淬的时效态合金具有更好的抗剥落腐蚀性能.当预先采用80 ℃×30 s水淬或80 ℃×30 s油淬再室温水淬时,相应T6时效态合金的抗腐蚀性能得到明显改善.预先80 ℃淬火能提高时效态合金的抗剥落腐蚀性能的主要原因是晶界析出相的大小与分布发生了明显的改变.     

时效对含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金腐蚀行为的影响

研究了一种含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在不同时效状态下的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀行为.结果表明：不同时效温度下峰时效态合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效温度的升高而增加；在160℃下时效，合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效时间的延长而增加.含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在EXCO溶液中进行的极化曲线测试结果也表现出相同的腐蚀趋势.微观组织观察分析表明，T1（Al2CuLi）相和无沉淀析出带（PFZ）是引起合金腐蚀敏感性增加的主要因素.     

不同时效状态新型Al-Cu-Li系合金腐蚀的电化学阻抗谱

通过对新型Al-Cu-Li系合金腐蚀的不同时间的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析,研究了该合金在T6、T8两种状态的腐蚀行为。宏观腐蚀行为和电化学阻抗谱表明,T8态由于时效前的预变形有效地降低了合金的腐蚀敏感性。从未经腐蚀的材料的微观形貌分析了该合金晶界、亚晶界和相关的第二相的分布和形貌进一步解释了两种状态合金腐蚀行为的差异性。T8态存在大量界面,使倾向于在晶界亚晶界形核的T1相在基体中分布较T6态细小,在剥落腐蚀中由腐蚀产物形成的楔形力较小,因此,T8态表现出比T6态更好的抗腐蚀能力。     

时效对含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金腐蚀行为的影响

研究了一种含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在不同时效状态下的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀行为.结果表明:不同时效温度下峰时效态合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效温度的升高而增加;在160℃下时效,合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效时间的延长而增加.含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在EXCO溶液中进行的极化曲线测试结果也表现出相同的腐蚀趋势.微观组织观察分析表明,T1(Al2CuLi)相和无沉淀析出带(PFZ)是引起合金腐蚀敏感性增加的主要因素.     

时效对7056铝合金在EXCO溶液中剥落腐蚀行为的影响

研究了7056铝合金经120℃单级时效与120℃×4h+165℃×8h双级时效后在EXCO溶液中的剥落腐蚀行为。观察了不同时效状态7056合金表面腐蚀形貌随浸泡时间延长的变化,并进行腐蚀等级评定;采用CHI660C电化学工作站检测了7056合金在EXCO溶液中的极化曲线与电化学阻抗谱。借助透射电镜观察了不同时效状态下7056合金的组织形貌特征,并就微观组织对剥落腐蚀行为的影响进行了深入的分析。结果表明:在120℃单级时效,随时效时间延长,7056合金抗剥落腐蚀能力增加;与120℃×100h长时间时效相比,经120℃×4h+165℃×8h时效后,7056合金具有较好的抗剥落腐蚀能力。     

Zn元素及时效工艺对2056铝合金局部腐蚀行为的影响

通过晶间腐蚀(IGC)、剥落腐蚀(EXCO)实验及透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析,研究Zn元素及时效工艺对2056铝合金抗晶间腐蚀性能和抗剥落腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:2056铝合金在T6(175℃)时效态下,随着时效时间的延长,其晶间腐蚀与剥落腐蚀敏感性逐渐降低;在T8(155℃)峰时效态和T3(室温)时效态下,合金的抗晶间腐蚀及抗剥落腐蚀性能均有所提高,且在T3态下2056铝合金的抗腐蚀性能最好;在T6峰时效态下,不添加Zn的2056铝合金比添加Zn的2056合金的抗腐蚀性能差。合金发生局部腐蚀与晶界及其附近区域的特征紧密相关,当晶界析出相(S(S′)相)呈链状分布且晶界无沉淀析出带(PFZ)较宽时,合金晶间及剥落腐蚀敏感性大;晶界析出相尺寸越大,分布越不连续,PFZ越窄,合金晶间及剥落腐蚀敏感性越小;当晶界无析出相和PFZ时,合金晶间及剥落腐蚀敏感性最小。     

淬火工艺对含Sc的AA7150锻造铝合金性能的影响

采用熔炼铸造与锻造变形方法制备含0.3%Sc的AA7150铝合金。通过拉伸测试、剥落腐蚀测试、金相及透射电镜等技术方法,研究不同淬火工艺对锻造态铝合金性能及显微组织的影响。结果表明:铝合金在空气中自然冷却时,T6时效态合金的抗拉强度与抗剥落腐蚀性能层严重降低;而室温水淬的T6时效态合金比室温油淬的T6时效态合金具有更好的塑性。当预先采用(80℃,30s)水淬火或(80℃,30s)油淬火再15℃水淬时,T6时效态合金的抗拉强度明显得到提高,且抗剥落腐蚀性能也得到了改善。预先80℃淬火能提高T6时效态合金性能的主要原因是时效态合金晶界析出相的尺寸与离散度明显增大。     

含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金的剥蚀性能及电化学阻抗谱

采用剥落腐蚀(Exfoliation corrosion,EXCO)实验和电化学阻抗测试方法,研究时效对新型含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金剥蚀性能的影响。结果表明:合金在EXCO溶液中剥落腐蚀敏感性由高到低的顺序为过时效,峰时效,欠时效;合金在EXCO溶液中浸泡初期,其电化学阻抗谱由一个高频容抗弧和低频感抗弧组成,且随浸泡时间的延长,低频感抗部分逐渐减弱直至消失;一旦发生剥蚀,合金的电化学阻抗谱出现两个部分重叠的容抗弧。依据腐蚀特征和电化学原理设计了等效电路图,对合金腐蚀发展过程的电化学阻抗谱进行了拟合,拟合数据和实验结果一致。     

8090Al-Li合金晶间腐蚀与剥落腐蚀性能研究SCIEI

本文研究了8090Al—Li合金的点蚀、晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能,探讨了热处理制度对耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:Al-2.79Li-1.3Cu-0.7Mg-0.12Zr合金自然时效态抗晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能最佳,峰时效状态耐腐蚀性能最差,欠时效比过时效略好。显微组织观察表明合金的耐蚀性能与显微组织密切相关,峰时效条件下,粗大T_2相连续分布于晶界上,它的电位比基体电位低因此晶界构成阳极通道,从而使合金耐蚀性能恶化。     

8090Al-Li合金晶间腐蚀与剥落腐蚀性能研究

本文研究了8090Al—Li合金的点蚀、晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能,探讨了热处理制度对耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:Al-2.79Li-1.3Cu-0.7Mg-0.12Zr合金自然时效态抗晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能最佳,峰时效状态耐腐蚀性能最差,欠时效比过时效略好。显微组织观察表明合金的耐蚀性能与显微组织密切相关,峰时效条件下,粗大T_2相连续分布于晶界上,它的电位比基体电位低因此晶界构成阳极通道,从而使合金耐蚀性能恶化。     

Exfoliation corrosion of T6- and T8-aged AlxCuyLiz alloy

The exfoliation corrosion behavior of a novel Al-Li alloy treated by T6- and T8-peak ageing was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) technique. The surface morphology of corroded samples was examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM). The microstructure of un-corroded samples was observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM). At early stage of immersion in EXCO, EIS plots of the two differently processed samples are composed of a capacitive arc in the high frequency range and an inductive loop in the low frequency range. Inductive loop disappears with the increasing of immersion time and two capacitive arcs appear. T6-treated alloy has higher exfoliation susceptibility than T8-treated one, suggested by different exfoliation starting time, which is 23 h and 27 h respectively. T1 phase and equilibrium precipitate at the grain boundary of T6-treated alloy are larger in amount and size than those of T8-treated alloy. This is the main reason for the higher exfoliation susceptibility of T6-treated alloy.     

Al-Li合金在EXCO溶液中腐蚀的电化学阻抗研究

研究了T6态峰时效AA2090及AA8090A1—Li合金在EXCO溶液中腐蚀的电化学阻抗持征．结果表明，剥蚀发生之前，AA8090合金电化学阻抗谱由一个压缩的高频容抗弧和一个低频感抗弧组成，且低频感抗成分随浸泡时间延长而减弱并消失；一旦发生剥蚀，其电化学阻抗谱即由一个高频和一个低额两个容抗弧组成．而AA2090合金在较短浸泡时间内由于较大面积蚀孔的产生，其电化学阻抗谱上即出现一个高频及一个低频两个容抗弧．发生剥蚀后，两种合金具有相同的电化学阻抗持征．     

Research on intercrystalline corrosion,exfoliation corrosion,and stress corrosion cracking of Al–Zn–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy

The intercrystalline corrosion, exfoliation corrosion (EXCO), and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of Al–Zn–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy were investigated by means of constant temperature immersion corrosion method, optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that intercrystalline corrosion, and EXCO susceptibility of Al–Zn–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy decrease gradually with increasing of aging time. Corrosion susceptibility order from low to high is as follows: OA > PA > UA > NA. The SCC susceptibility index of PA temper is more than OA temper at the same strain rate. According to TEM observation, with aging time prolonging, a part of η′ phases transform to η equilibrium phases, which become coarse gradually. The distribution discontinuity of the grain boundary precipitates increases. In addition, for Al–Zn–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy without EXCO, the EIS is comprised by a capacitive impedance arc at high frequency and an inductive impedance arc at low frequency. Once EXCO occurs, the EIS is composed of two capacitive impedance arcs at high frequency and at low frequency, respectively.     

Exfoliation corrosion and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of an Al‐Li alloy in EXCO solution

The exfoliation corrosion and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of an Al‐2.8%Cu‐1.5%Li‐0.3%Mg‐0.3%Zn‐0.3%Mn‐0.15%Zr alloy with various aging states in EXCO solution were investigated. The equilibrium precipitates at grain boundaries are anodic to the alloy base at their adjacent periphery. With prolonging aging time, the amount and the size of the equilibrium precipitates at grain boundaries are increased, resulting in an enhanced susceptibility to exfoliation corrosion. At the beginning of immersion in EXCO solution, the EIS plot of the alloys is composed of a capacitive arc in the high frequency range and an inductive loop in the low frequency range. As immersion time is increased, two capacitive arcs appear in the high‐mediate and mediate‐low frequency ranges respectively and the appearance time of two capacitive arcs could be an indication of the speed of localized corrosion development in EXCO solution. The longer appearance time of two capacitive arcs of the under‐aged alloy indicates its slower localized corrosion development.     

Exfoliation corrosion of 7150 Al alloy with various tempers and its electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in EXCO solution

The exfoliation corrosion susceptibility and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of 7150 Al alloys with T6, T73, and RRA (retrogression at 175 °C for 3 h) tempers in EXCO solution were investigated. The anodic equilibrium precipitate η(MgZn₂) is continuous or closely spaced at the grain boundaries in the 7150‐T6 Al alloy, resulting in its greatest susceptibility to exfoliation corrosion. The grain boundary η precipitates in the RRA and T73 treated 7150 Al alloys are coarsened and show a clear discontinuous nature; they possess similar exfoliation corrosion sensitivity and their exfoliation corrosion resistance is greatly increased. At the beginning of immersion in EXCO solution, the EIS plot of the 7150 Al alloys is composed of a capacitive arc in the high to medium frequency range and an inductive component in the medium to low frequency range. As immersion time is increased, exfoliation corrosion with different corrosion ratings occurs on the surface of the 7150 Al alloy with various tempers, two capacitive arcs appear in the high to medium and medium to low frequency ranges, respectively. The fitted medium to low frequency capacitance C₂ of 7150‐T6 Al alloy, corresponding to the new surface caused by the exfoliation corrosion, is much greater than that of the T73 and RRA treated 7150 Al alloy, which is consistent with the greatest exfoliation corrosion susceptibility of the 7150‐T6 Al alloy.     

ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY DURING CORROSION PROCESS OF 8090 Al-Li ALLOY IN EXCO SOLUTION

1.IntroductionAl-Li alloys, compared to traditional Al alloys, have more excellent properties, such as lower density, greater elastic modulus and higher specific strength[1,2]. In the near future, they would be widely applied to airplane structures. While, exfoliation, a main kind of localized corrosion, lowers their strength, plasticity and fatigue properties, and also decreases their service life[3, 4]. So investigating their exfoliation would be very important to their application.Usua…     

2B96K铝锂合金剥蚀过程的电化学阻抗研究

研究了不同时效状态下的2896K铝锂合金在EXCO溶液中剥蚀的电化学阻抗特征.结果表明,腐蚀初期,合金的电化学阻抗谱由一个容抗弧及一个感抗弧组成,一旦发生剥蚀,即变成两个容抗弧.对于欠时效合金,这两个容抗弧出现的时间较长,表明其剥蚀发展较慢.对电化学阻抗谱进行了拟合分析,得到了剥蚀的相关信息,如剥蚀的发展及形貌等.     

拉应力对7075铝合金的剥蚀及其电化学阻抗谱的影响

研究了拉应力对双级过时效(121℃/35 h+160/20 h ) 7075铝合金剥蚀的影响及合金在EXCO溶液中的电化学阻抗谱.研究表明，拉应力可显著地促进铝合金剥蚀的发生及发展.浸泡初期，合金电化学阻抗谱由一个高-中频容抗弧及一个中-低频感抗弧组成.合金一旦发生剥蚀，电化学阻抗谱上即出现一个高-中频容抗弧及一个中-低频容抗弧.     

T6态2090 Al-Li合金在EXCO溶液中的剥蚀行为和剥蚀发展过程中的电化学阻抗谱

采用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和光学显微镜原位观察等方法研究了T6态峰时效的2090 Al-Li合金在EXCO溶液中的剥蚀行为.在浸泡过程中局部腐蚀形态演变经历了4个阶段：点蚀、晶间腐蚀、剥蚀和剥蚀后期.在点蚀阶段形成的以杂质相为局部阴极生成的大蚀孔成为剥蚀引发的中心,剥蚀鼓泡沿大蚀孔边缘生长,直到把表层以下完全穿透.点蚀引发阶段的EIS由一个高频容抗弧和一个中低频感抗弧构成,在点蚀发展阶段感抗弧消失.晶间腐蚀阶段的EIS的容抗部分中很难分辨出腐蚀区域对应的时间常数,剥蚀发展阶段和剥蚀后期的EIS由两个容抗弧构成.