锻造Cr13Ni4钢回火工艺与逆变奥氏体及性能的关系研究

主要研究锻造Cr13Ni4马氏体不锈钢回火工艺与逆变奥氏体含量及力学性能的关系.实验表明:回火温度超过590C时,在冷却过程中逆变奥氏体会部分发生马氏体转变;合适的二次回火可大大提高逆变奥氏体的含量;在相同的一次回火温度下,二次回火(低于失稳温度590℃)温度越高,逆变奥氏体含量越高;逆变奥氏体的含量在10%左右时,材...     

ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo马氏体不锈钢中TRIP效应的同步辐射高能X射线原位研究

利用自制的小型拉伸装置对淬火+回火热处理后的ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo马氏体不锈钢试样进行单轴拉伸变形,使用同步辐射高能X射线衍射技术对钢中逆变奥氏体力学稳定性和相变诱导塑性(transformation induced plastic,TRIP)进行原位研究.结果表明,随着拉伸应力的增加,逆变奥氏体衍射峰积分强度逐渐减弱,逆变奥氏体在变形过程中逐步发生了形变诱导马氏体相变.利用Rietveld全谱精修拟合方法对不同应力状态下的逆变奥氏体相分数进行定量分析,发现逆变奥氏体的形变诱导马氏体相变开始于材料的宏观弹性阶段,并持续至整个塑性变形阶段.通过比较分析不同热处理工艺下逆变奥氏体的形变诱导相变过程和材料的加工硬化行为发现,逆变奥氏体的形变诱导相变的出现增加了马氏体基体的位错密度,导致材料加工硬化指数的提高,有效提高了材料的塑性.     

9Ni钢拉伸性能的同步辐射高能X射线原位研究

利用热膨胀仪、同步辐射高能X射线衍射、XRD和TEM等对经淬火+两相区处理+不同温度回火处理的9Ni钢中逆变奥氏体含量、逆变奥氏体在室温单轴拉伸过程的形变诱导相变及其对强度的影响规律进行了研究.结果表明,经780℃淬火和680℃两相区处理后,实验钢中不含逆变奥氏体,而在随后的回火过程中产生一定量的逆变奥氏体.逆变奥氏体含量随回火温度的上升先升高而后降低,600℃回火时逆变奥氏体含量最高.在室温拉伸过程中,逆变奥氏体的形变诱导相变开始于宏观屈服之后,在颈缩前基本全部转变成马氏体,从而屈服强度随回火温度的升高先减小后增大,600℃回火时屈服强度最小;抗拉强度随回火温度的升高而增大,640℃回火时抗拉强度最大.     

回火温度对00Cr13Ni5Mo超级马氏体不锈钢组织及性能的影响

研究了1050 ℃正火+550～700 ℃回火处理对00Cr13Ni5Mo超级马氏体不锈钢中厚板显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在1050 ℃正火后,随着回火温度的升高,板条状马氏体逐步分解,产生了逆变奥氏体组织,600 ℃回火时其含量最高,之后随着温度的升高逆变奥氏体的含量逐步降低;试验钢的强度、硬度及屈强比均随回火温度的升高先降低后升高。650 ℃回火时,可得到细密的回火索氏体+逆变奥氏体的复相组织,试验钢具有较低的屈强比及良好的冲击性能。     

Cr13Ni4Mo钢逆转变奥氏体的形成及其对性能的影响

采用XRD、扫描电镜、EBSD、拉伸性能测试等手段研究了Cr13Ni4Mo钢逆转变奥氏体的形成规律、形成机制与力学性能。结果表明,Cr13Ni4Mo钢经550～730℃一次回火后并没有逆转变奥氏体产生;经630℃一次回火+530～630℃二次回火时,随二次回火温度的升高,逆转变奥氏体含量呈先增加后减少的趋势,其抗拉强度、伸长率和强塑积也相应地先增加后减少。当二次回火温度为590℃时,逆转变奥氏体的含量达到峰值,综合力学性能最佳。二次回火温度为550℃时,逆转变奥氏体主要以切变机制在马氏体板条内部形成,随着二次回火温度升高,逆转变奥氏体逐渐以扩散机制形成为主。     

高温时效对00Cr13Ni6Mo2不锈钢组织及性能的影响

采用拉伸试验、X射线衍射、光学显微镜和透射电镜等研究了一种13Cr超级马氏体不锈钢(00Cr13Ni6Mo2)的高温力学性能和高温时效后的力学性能、物相组成及显微组织。结果表明:00Cr13Ni6Mo2钢在高温下可保持较高的屈服强度,但当超过Af(奥氏体转变完成点)温度后,屈服强度迅速下降;600℃时效后,马氏体基体中的位错密度明显降低,同时产生了一定量的逆变奥氏体,导致时效100 h后其屈服强度从824 MPa降至682 MPa(下降17.2%),而抗拉强度和伸长率变化不大;800℃时效过程中,试验钢的组织完全奥氏体化,在降温过程中组织转变为淬火马氏体,故其具有典型的淬火马氏体性能特征,时效100 h后抗拉强度从858 MPa升至1031 MPa(提高20.2%),同时伸长率从22.5%降至15.0%。     

ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo导叶退火后开裂分析

通过电渣重熔成型后的ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo导叶在较高温度入炉进行退火,整个过程的前期奥氏体较稳定,只有在炉冷到室温的过程中才转变成大量的马氏体,产生了较大的应力,从而发生了开裂。     

热处理对ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo不锈钢组织与性能的影响

研究了不同正火温度、回火保温时间和冷却方式对低碳马氏体不锈钢ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo组织与力学性能的影响。利用光学金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对材料的微观组织和结构进行了研究。进行了室温拉伸和0℃冲击试验,并用SEM观察了断口形貌。结果表明,正火温度对ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo不锈钢组织与性能有显著影响。在γ+δ两相区正火时,会生成高温δ铁素体,并且δ在随后的热处理中不能被消除,即使很少的铁素体(1%),也会极大损害材料的韧性。采用较快冷却时,材料的韧性较高而强度较低;较长时间的回火保温,材料的强度较低,与较短时间保温下相比韧性没有明显差别。     

氧对00Cr13Ni5Mo熔敷金属组织和韧性的影响

文中研究了MAG焊保护气体氧含量变化对00Cr13Ni5Mo熔敷金属中氧化物夹杂类型、尺寸、数量、分布和残余奥氏体、逆变奥氏体含量以及冲击韧性的影响.结果表明,Si-Mn-O,Si-Mn-Al-O复合氧化物夹杂是导致00Cr13Ni5Mo熔敷金属冲击韧性下降的主要原因.氧化物夹杂对00Cr13Ni5Mo熔敷金属回火过程中产生的逆变奥氏体具有抑制作用,随着氧化物夹杂的增加,逆变奥氏体含量呈减少趋势.     

回火温度对00Cr16Ni5MoV不锈钢强韧性的影响

利用光学金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等手段,系统研究了不同回火温度下00Cr16Ni5MoV马氏体不锈钢的组织和力学性能的变化。结果表明:00Cr16Ni5MoV不锈钢回火组织为回火马氏体+δ铁素体+逆转变奥氏体。随着回火温度的升高,板条马氏体组织逐步分解,逆转变奥氏体含量先增加后降低,在600℃时其含量达到最大值;00Cr16Ni5MoV不锈钢强度、硬度和屈强比则随着回火温度的升高先降低然后升高,在600℃回火后,强度、硬度和屈强比最低,而低温韧性变化趋势与强度相反。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

FORMULAS OF TENSION OF CONTINUOUS ROLLING PROCESS

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.     

Bulletin of the Awards in 2013

<正>Five reviewers and 9 published articles are selected as the Excellent Rewewerand Excellent Article in 2013 respectively.Excellent Reviewers:Prof.Z ongyi Ma(Institute of Metal Research,CAS,C hina);Prof.Y ongbo Xu(Institute of Metal Research,CAS,C hina);Prof.Guangping Zhang(Institute of Metal Research,C AS,C hina);Prof.Z hendui Cui(Tianjin University,China);