热处理对45CrNiMoV钢析出相和力学性能影响

通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)观察及硬度、拉伸性能测试,利用正交实验方差分析,研究了不同回火温度对45CrNiMoV高强钢析出相形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明,实验钢回火温度对强度和冲击功均有显著影响,550℃回火后强/硬度达到最高值,600℃以上回火强/硬度急剧下降;实验钢回火温度从570℃提高到640℃,析出的碳化物形貌由条杆状向球形演变,570℃回火后,析出的细小的球状碳化物对马氏体板条边界存在钉扎作用。640℃回火后,析出的碳化物已经无法钉扎住板条边界;实验钢最佳热处理工艺为880℃油淬保温45 min+590℃回火240 min。     

55NiCrMoV7钢的回火组织与性能

研究了55NiCrMoV7钢在100℃～700℃、90s～665h之间回火后的组织和硬度变化。结果表明，钢中的原奥氏体晶粒、马氏体板条不因回火过程而改变，回火析出碳化物的体积分数在一定回火温度、时间范围内保持恒定，但是碳化物的形态和尺寸随回火工艺而改变。钢的回火硬度与碳化物的等效直径、钢的弹性极限以及钢的弥散硬化密切相关。     

高强韧性炮钢的组织和力学性能

研究了合金化元素对新型高强韧炮钢的热处理制度、显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果发现，钢中形成的Nb（C，N）特殊碳化物在1050℃以下能有效控制钢的晶粒长大；在回火过程中，随回火温度的提高，M2C碳化物逐渐增多，在640℃达到强韧性最佳配合。经1000℃淬火并640℃回火后试验钢的吼达到1260MPa，σo．00。达到870MPa，冲击韧度达到45J／cm^2并对其强韧性机理进行了初步分析。     

列车车钩用ZG25MnCrNiMo钢的冲击性能研究

研究火车车钩用钢ZG25MnCrNiMo经过不同调质工艺处理后-40 ℃的冲击性能.分别用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电子显微镜观察和分析钢的微观组织、低温冲击断口形貌和钢中碳化物的析出行为.结果表明,ZG25MnCrNiMo钢在910 ℃淬火、550 ℃回火2 h得到均匀回火索氏体组织,冲击功最大.冲击功随回火温度的升高而增大.低于550 ℃回火,钢中的碳化物主要在板条界面呈连续析出,-40 ℃冲击功低;550～650 ℃回火,铁素体呈等轴状且碳化物分布于晶内,表现出高的冲击性能.     

回火温度对N63钢组织及力学性能的影响

采用扫描电镜和透射电镜等手段研究了回火温度对N63钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明，N63钢具有良好的抗回火稳定性，260～600℃回火几乎未生成逆转变奥氏体，该温度区间内低温回火的析出相主要为ε-碳化物，当回火温度升高至480℃附近时基体析出M₂C碳化物，抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到峰值，为1483 MPa和1138 MPa,然后随回火温度的升高迅速下降，600℃回火时抗拉强度仅为1009 MPa,此时N63钢马氏体基体板条分解严重，析出相为渗碳体和M₂₃C₆;冲击吸收能量随回火温度先下降后升高再下降，420℃回火冲击吸收能量最低，为79 J。综合不同回火温度下的微观组织和力学性能，N63钢在480℃回火具有优异的强韧性匹配。     

回火温度对一种Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo高强钢碳化物及其力学性能的影响

利用TEM和三维原子探针(3DAP)研究了一种Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo高强钢中碳化物随回火温度的变化及其对力学性能的影响.结果显示,回火温度较低(400℃)时,钢中析出M3C合金渗碳体及M7C3合金碳化物,M为Fe,Cr和Mn的组合,其中M3C长度约为1μm,而M7C3尺寸较小,小于200 nm;回火温度较高时(500和600℃),碳化物析出数量增加,但M3C合金渗碳体尺寸变小,数量减少甚至不出现,同时析出尺寸较小的M2C和M6C(小于200 nm);继续提高回火温度(650℃),除M2C外还出现MC型碳化物,其尺寸小于100 nm,析出数量减少.合金碳化物M2C,M6C和MC的合金元素主要以V,Cr和Mo为主.高强钢的强度随回火温度的升高而下降,但在500~600℃回火温度区间,由于V碳化物析出会引起二次硬化效果,强度下降不明显,因此实验钢在530~600℃内回火后可获得较好的强韧性配合.     

GD钢组织及低温冲击韧性研究

分析了900℃淬火及200℃回火后GD钢的显微组织、硬度及低温冲击的断口形貌,研究结果表明:900℃淬火后GD钢组织由粗针状马氏体、残余奥氏体、碳化物组成,200℃回火时,马氏体中析出部分碳化物,回火组织由回火马氏体和碳化物组成。900℃淬火+200℃回火后的GD钢冲击时,随着温度的降低,其冲击功随之减小,随着GD钢所处的环境温度不断升高,断口宏观形貌中反映起裂区和裂纹纤维扩展区所占比例越来越大,微观形貌中存在解理面、撕裂棱和韧窝,其断裂机理为准解理断裂。     

深冷处理后回火温度对15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢组织及耐点蚀性能的影响

利用场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜以及电化学综合测试系统对15Cr超级马氏体不锈钢(SMSS)经不同热处理工艺处理后的显微组织变化和第二相碳化物及其对该钢腐蚀行为的影响进行了研究。结果表明,试验钢经不同热处理工艺处理后组织均由板条马氏体、奥氏体以及M₂₃C₆型碳化物颗粒组成,随着回火温度的增加,试验钢中逆变奥氏体含量增加,且在650 ℃回火时达到体积分数最大值41.41%。当回火温度高于600 ℃时第二相碳化物开始析出,且650 ℃回火后碳化物数量及尺寸较600 ℃增多。点蚀电位随着回火温度的增加而降低,第二相碳化物的析出降低了试验钢的点蚀电位,促进了亚稳点蚀位置的形成,从而降低了试验钢的耐腐蚀性能。     

回火温度对E690钢碳化物析出量的影响

利用内耗方法并结合显微组织与显微硬度分析,研究了回火温度对高性能海洋平台用E690钢碳化物析出量的影响。结果表明:在相同的回火时间条件下,回火温度对碳化物的析出量有较大影响,与淬火态试样相比,在550、600和650℃回火20 min后试样中的固溶碳析出量分别为86%、90%和94%,经690℃保温20 min回火处理后试样中的固溶碳析出量达到96%;回火温度越高,碳化物完全析出所用时间越短,适当升高回火温度,可以有效地缩短回火时间。     

回火温度对加工器械用钢组织及力学性能的影响

利用投射电子显微镜和万能试验机对不同回火温度下加工器械用钢的力学性能和显微组织进行研究。结果表明:随着回火温度的升高,试验钢的抗拉和屈服强度都减小,其伸长率和冲击韧度呈上升趋势;当回火温度较低时,钢中析出大量碳化物,提高了其强度;当温度升高,析出的碳化物宽度变窄,试验钢脆性增加;当回火温度进一步升高后,钢中局部出现铁素体晶块;当回火温度为550℃时,纳米级碳化物析出,起到了细晶强化作用。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.