熔体吹气发泡法制备泡沫铝的试验研究

利用熔体吹气发泡法制备闭孔泡沫铝的工艺以及工艺参数对发泡效果的影响,发现以铝硅合金为原料,Al2O3颗粒为增粘剂制备的泡沫铝孔隙率达90%以上,气孔均匀的泡沫铝其工艺参数为：发泡温度为750～780 ℃,增粘颗粒体积分数为10%～15%,气体流量为0.5～1.5 L/min.研究表明,熔体吹气发泡法制备泡沫铝简单、高效,制备样品孔隙率高,是一种有较好开发前景的制备方法.     

采用新型发泡剂制备泡沫铝

研究了一种在泡沫铝制备过程中可替代TiH2及ZrH2类发泡剂的新型发泡粉末的热分解行为,探讨该新型发泡剂加入量及发泡温度等因素对泡沫铝孔隙率的影响。研究表明:该新型发泡材料具有分解温度范围宽及分解过程缓慢的特点。当采用该发泡剂时,泡沫铝制备过程无需额外加入金属Ca类增粘剂;随发泡温度的升高,泡沫铝的孔隙率先升高后下降;随发泡剂量的增多,发泡体中的无泡层逐渐减少,当发泡剂的加入量在1.40%以上时,发泡体中的无泡层消失;在发泡温度740℃、发泡剂加入量1.40%~2.20%、搅拌时间3min、保温发泡时间5min的条件下,可以制备出孔径2~5mm,孔隙率60%~80%,孔隙基本均匀且无实心体的泡沫铝。     

粉体发泡法泡沫铝制备工艺及性能的研究

本文研究一种新的泡沫铝制备方法———粉体发泡法。其工艺原理为 :混合铝粉与一种发泡剂粉末 (TiH2 ) ,在一定温度下轴向压缩得到具有气密结构的预制品 ,加热预制品使发泡剂分解释放出气体迫使预制品膨胀得到泡沫铝。混合、压制和发泡是粉体发泡法的三个重要环节。本论文详细研究了各个工艺过程 ,确定了其在试验条件下的最佳工艺参数值。混合速度 2 5 0r/min ,混合时间大于 6h可以保证得到混合均匀的粉末混合物。压力 130～ 15 0MPa ,压制混合 40 0℃～ 45 0℃时可以得到具有气密结构的预制品。同时调整发泡工艺中的参数发泡剂用量 (1%左右 )、发泡温度 (6 0 0℃～ 72 0 0℃ )、发泡时间 (3～ 15min)可以得到不同孔结构的泡沫铝。泡沫铝的吸能能力和其压缩性能紧密相连。在其压缩应力应变曲线上有很长的一段平台区 ,显示出较大的吸能能力。其吸能能力受孔隙率的影响 ,随孔隙率呈非单调变化 ,在某一孔隙率下具有最大的吸能能力。吸能效率随应变的增加先增大后减小 ,在应变 0 .1～ 0 .3之间存在一个峰值。研究了闭孔泡沫铝的导热性能 ,结果表明泡沫铝的导热性能低于实体铝 ,其导热性能不仅与孔隙率有很大的关系 ,而且其它孔结构及其宏观结构的影响也是不容忽视的     

以CaCO3为发泡剂制备泡沫ZL104过程中工艺参数的探讨

以CaCO3粉末和SiC颗粒分别作为发泡剂和稳定剂,采用液态法制备了泡沫ZL104,确定了发泡温度,并分析了制备过程中CaCO3加入量和保温时间对泡沫ZL104孔径和孔隙率的影响规律。结果发现:泡沫ZL104的发泡温度应选为700℃;CaCO3加入量的增加会导致泡沫ZL104的孔隙率呈非线性增大,加入量超过2%(质量分数)时,对孔隙率的影响不显著,故CaCO3的加入量应该控制在2%以内;保温时间在2~8min以内时不会发生气泡合并和破裂。     

粉末冶金泡沫铝制备工艺及相关参数研究

本文在采用粉末冶金发泡法制备泡沫铝的基础上,研究相关参数对制备泡沫铝的影响。通过分析可知,Ti H2的分解峰值温度为640℃,与铝的熔点十分接近,是一种制备泡沫铝更好的发泡剂;纯铝发泡合适温度为700℃到750℃之间,发泡时间宜选择在900s左右;铝粉表面氧化膜对泡沫铝产生影响,氧化膜含量在9.8%左右时,孔隙率达到最大。     

挤压铸造Al2O3f-Cf/ZL109混杂复合材料纤维的含量和制备工艺优化

利用挤压铸造，采用正交试验和极差分析法优化了Al2O3和C短纤维混杂增强ZL109金属基复合材料中纤维的加入量和制备工艺参数。结果表明：当Al2O3体积分数为12%时，复合材料的抗拉强度和耐磨性最佳；复合材料的抗拉性强度随着C纤维含量的增加略有下降，但耐磨性逐渐增加。当压力大于50MPa时，压力变化对复合材料抗拉强度和耐磨性影响不大。预制块预热温度较低和浇注温度较高时，复合材料的抗拉强度和耐磨性能较低。优化结果为：Al2O3知纤维体积分数12%、C短纤维体积分数4%，挤压压力110MPa、预制块预热温度400-450℃，浇注温度720-770℃。     

发泡参数对粉末冶金制备泡沫铝显微组织和压缩性能的影响（英文）

使用廉价CaCO_3作为发泡剂,采用粉末压块熔炼工艺制备单胞间具有通道的半开孔泡沫铝。将铝和CaCO_3粉末混合物冷压缩成在空气气氛和一定温度下发泡的致密圆柱形前驱体。研究前驱体压缩压力、发泡剂含量、发泡温度和发泡时间对所得泡沫铝显微组织、线膨胀率、相对密度和压缩性能的影响。结果表明,所得泡沫铝的显微组织分布均匀,晶粒尺寸小于100μm,具有半开孔结构,相对密度为55.4%~84.4%%。随着压缩压力(127~318)的增大,当发泡剂含量为15%(质量分数)时,泡沫铝的线膨胀率、压缩强度和紧实应变增大。当发泡温度从800°C升高到1000°C时,除压缩强度和相对密度外,泡沫铝的其他参数都增大。研究结果表明,最佳发泡温度和发泡时间分别为900°C和10~25 min。     

氢化锆熔体发泡法制备小孔径泡沫铝

以ZrH_2为发泡剂,采用熔体发泡法制备铝基小孔径泡沫铝,分析其制备过程及影响孔结构的因素;优化实验室制备泡沫铝的工艺条件;借助图形分析方法表征泡沫铝的孔径分布,并与TiH_2制备的泡沫铝进行了对比;采用改进座滴装置研究铝合金与氢化物的润湿行为.结果表明:ZrH_2较适合制备小孔径泡沫铝;优化工艺条件为:Al 650 g,增粘剂Ca 的加入量2.5%,发泡剂ZrH_2的加入量1.0%,发泡温度680 ℃,搅拌时间1.5 min,保温时间2.5 min;制备的泡沫铝孔径均匀,平均孔径小于1.5 mm;ZrH_2在铝合金中的润湿特点是导致泡沫铝孔径较小的主要原因.     

半固态法泡沫铝材料制备工艺研究

采用半固态法制备泡沫铝,并对制备工艺进行了初步探索。研究了熔体浇注温度、发泡剂TiH_2添加量对Al-Si合金熔体发泡孔隙率和平均孔径的影响。研究表明,利用Al-Si合金在半固态区的自增粘作用,可以得到孔隙率为20%~50%、孔径为2~4 mm的泡沫铝;浇注温度在650~670℃时,随浇注温度的升高,Al-Si合金泡沫铝试样孔隙率增加,更高的浇注温度使孔隙率减少;发泡剂TiH_2添加量在1%~3%时,随发泡剂添加量的增加,孔隙率和孔径均增加,发泡剂过多反而使孔隙率和孔径减小。浇注温度为670℃、TiH_2添加量3%时,Al-Si熔体发泡效果最优,孔隙率可达48%。     

以ZrH_2为发泡剂的泡沫铝制备和表征

使用氢化锆为发泡剂,通过熔体发泡法制备泡沫铝并研究其影响因素。制备工艺为：添加0.6%-1.4%的发泡剂,1.5%-3.0%Ca（质量分数）作为增粘剂,发泡温度933-1013K,搅拌时间为0.5-2.5min和保温时间为1.5-4.0min。利用XRD和SEM对泡沫铝样品进行表征,测试其力学性能。结果表明,在合适的工艺参数下能制备出孔径均匀的泡沫铝,采用氢化锆为发泡剂可以制备出平均孔径为1mm左右的泡沫铝。金属间化合物和Al2O3的存在影响熔体的粘度。泡沫铝的力学性能经历线弹性区、平台区和致密化区并表现出较高的能量吸收效率。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

RHEOLOGY FEATURE OF SIMPLE METAL MELT

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.