Sn对Mg-6Al合金腐蚀行为的影响

采用常温浸泡方法和质量损失法研究了加入不同含量(0.5～2.0 mass%)的Sn对Mg-6 mass%Al合金在0.5 mass%NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响,采用扫描电镜观察了合金的腐蚀形貌,采用光学显微镜对合金的显微组织进行了观察。结果表明:合金的腐蚀形貌与腐蚀速率测试结果具有较强的一致性;不含Sn时,Mg-6Al合金的腐蚀速率为0.985 mm/a,随着Sn含量从0.5%增加到2.0%,Mg-6Al合金的腐蚀速率先降低后升高;当Sn含量为1.0%时,Mg-6Al合金的腐蚀速率达到最低,为0.568 mm/a,此时合金的耐腐蚀性能最好,这主要是由于向Mg-6Al合金中加入适量的Sn后,可细化合金的显微组织,同时降低腐蚀速率,并且改善腐蚀形貌,进而显著提高合金的耐腐蚀性能。     

Ca含量对多孔Mg-Zn-Ca合金组织和性能的影响

研究了粉末冶金制备的多孔Mg-1Zn-xCa合金中Ca含量对合金孔隙度、显微组织、物相组成、抗压强度、显微硬度以及耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,随着Ca含量的增加,多孔合金的孔隙度降低,抗压强度和显微硬度均是先上升然后降低。当Ca含量为2%(质量分数)时,多孔Mg-1Zn-2Ca合金的抗压强度为35.6 MPa,显微硬度(HV)为51.2,分别比多孔Mg-1Zn合金提高46.5%和35.4%。SEM分析表明,随着Ca含量增加,多孔Mg-1Zn-2Ca合金孔壁(多孔材料基体)变得更加致密。XRD和EDS分析表明,多孔Mg-1Zn-2Ca合金由单相α-Mg固溶体组成;多孔Mg-1Zn-2.5Ca合金由α-Mg固溶体和Mg2Ca两相组成。耐腐蚀性能测试表明,多孔Mg-1Zn-xCa合金的腐蚀速率随着Ca含量的增加先降低而后略有增加,腐蚀48h后,多孔Mg-1Zn-2Ca合金的腐蚀速率最低为0.15mm·a~(-1),耐腐蚀性达到最佳。     

Sn-9Zn-xAg无铅钎料润湿性能及焊点力学性能

研究了合金元素Ag的添加量对Sn-9Zn无铅钎料润湿性能及其焊点力学性能的影响.结果表明,当Ag元素的添加量(质量分数)为0.3%时,钎料具有最好的润湿性能,焊点的力学性能最佳,焊接接头的断口形貌显示钎料与铜基板接头断口处有明显的韧窝,是典型的韧性断裂;当Ag元素的添加量(质量分数)为0.5%～1.0%时,钎料的润湿性能下降,当Ag元素的添加量(质量分数)增加到1.0%时,焊点的力学性能有所下降,在断口的韧窝底部有大颗的Cu-Zn,Ag-Zn金属间化合物.因此,Sn-9Zn无铅钎料中合金元素Ag的最佳添加量(质量分数)为0.3%.     

微量CaO对AZ81镁合金显微组织和耐腐蚀性能的影响

利用静态失重法,电化学测试方法,结合SEM和XRD等方法,研究了CaO添加量为0,0.1%,0.5%和0.9%(质量分数) 的AZ81镁合金显微组织和耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:当CaO的添加量为0.5%时,合金的晶粒得到明显细化,合金主要由α-Mg基体和Mg₁₇Al₁₂相组成,同时在合金中生成了新相Al₂Ca和Mg₂Ca;随着CaO添加量的增加,AZ81镁合金在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的腐蚀速率先降低后升高,自腐蚀电位先升高后降低,自腐蚀电流密度先减小后增大,当CaO的添加量为0.5%时合金的腐蚀速率和自腐蚀电流密度最小,自腐蚀电位最高,耐腐蚀性能最好.     

Ca含量对AZ61-1.2Y镁合金耐蚀性能的影响

利用静态失重法研究了不同Ca含量对AZ61-1.2Y镁合金腐蚀速率的影响。用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察试样的微观组织、表面腐蚀形貌。结果表明,添加1%的Ca(质量分数,下同)时,合金的晶粒得到了明显的细化,组织和成分更加均匀;当Ca含量大于1%时,合金的析出相增多,并产生粗化、偏聚的现象。在两种浓度的腐蚀介质中（0.5%和3.5%的NaCl水溶液）,合金的腐蚀速率均随着Ca含量的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势,其中当Ca含量为1%时合金的腐蚀速率均达到最低,耐蚀性能得到明显的改善。     

Al含量对Mg-xAl-2Ca-2Nd合金腐蚀性能的影响

以Mg-xAl-2Ca-2Nd合金为研究对象,通过浸泡实验、电化学分析等方法研究了Al含量对Mg-xAl-2Ca-2Nd合金腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,随着浸泡时间增加,Mg-Al-Ca-Nd合金浸泡液的pH值增加,当浸泡时间超过40 h时,pH值趋于稳定。随着腐蚀时间增加,Mg-Al-Ca-Nd合金腐蚀速率降低,最终趋于恒定。电化学分析表明,随着Al含量的增加,Mg-Al-Ca-Nd合金的腐蚀电位先增加后降低,腐蚀电流先降低后增加,在Mg-AlCa-Nd合金中,合金耐腐蚀性能先增加后降低。当Al含量为6%(质量分数)和9%时,Mg-Al-Ca-Nd合金耐腐蚀性能最好。腐蚀形貌分析表明,在Mg-Al-Ca-Nd合金中,均以点蚀、局部腐蚀为主。     

稀土元素Sm对AZ61镁合金的组织与力学性能的影响（英文）

采用OM,XRD,SEM和EDS等分析手段,研究了不同含量的稀土元素钐(质量分数,0.0%,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%和2.0%)对AZ61镁合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:在含钐为0.5%~2.0%的AZ61镁合金中发现了大量的颗粒状Al2Sm金属间化合物(体积分数为0.4%~2.2%),这些颗粒的直径为1~7μm。当合金中稀土元素钐的含量从0.0%增加到2.0%时,合金中Al2Sm颗粒尺寸逐渐增大,而β-Mg17Al12的含量却不断减小。经693 K固溶24 h的含钐AZ61镁合金的晶粒尺寸随着钐含量的增加而先减小后增加,当钐含量为1.0%时,合金的晶粒尺寸最小。固溶态AZ61镁合金中的钐含量达到1.0%时,合金的极限抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率都达到最大,分别为215、142 MPa和4.1%。     

固溶处理Mg-0.5Zr-1.8Zn-xGd生物可降解镁合金的微观组织、力学性能和腐蚀性能（英文）

研究了Mg-0.5Zr-1.8Zn-x Gd (x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,质量分数,%)镁合金经过470℃和10 h固溶处理后的组织、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,Gd含量在0%～2.5%范围内,随着Gd含量增加,合金晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。当Gd含量低于1.5%时,合金元素几乎完全固溶于合金基体中,第二相主要由纳米尺度的(Mg,Zn)3Gd析出颗粒组成。当Gd含量在1.5%～2.5%范围时,合金中出现未固溶的微米尺度的(Mg,Zn)3Gd相,并且该相数量和尺寸随着Gd含量增加而增加。由于组织均匀分布和纳米尺寸的第二相颗粒存在,Mg-0.5Zr-1.8Zn-1.5Gd合金具有优异的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能。在120 h浸泡实验中,Mg-0.5Zr-1.8Zn-1.5Gd合金平均腐蚀速率首先降低,然后增加,接着缓慢降低,最后,随着浸泡时间延长,腐蚀速率最终变得稳定。     

添加Cu对M5合金在500℃过热蒸汽中耐腐蚀性能的影响

用高压釜腐蚀实验研究了添加0.05%-0.5%Cu(质量分数)对M5(Zr-1%Nb)合金在500℃/10.3 MPa过热蒸汽中耐腐蚀性能的影响;用TEM和SEM分别观察了合金基体和腐蚀后氧化膜的显微组织.结果表明:Cu含量低于0.2%时,随着Cu含量的增加,合金的耐腐蚀性能得到明显改善;继续提高Cu含量则对进一步改善...     

微量铈对Sn57Bi1Ag焊料合金组织性能的影响

研究了微量铈对Sn57Bi1Ag焊料合金性能(物理性能、润湿性能及力学性能等)与组织的影响。结果表明,与Sn57Bi1Ag焊料合金相比,添加铈的作用较明显,适量的铈可有效细化组织,抑制焊料/Cu界面的金属间化合物的生长;能略微降低焊料熔化温度;但是提高了焊料合金的电阻率;未能改善焊料合金的耐蚀性能;当铈含量(质量分数)为0.05%时,焊料有较好的润湿性。当铈含量为0.05%～0.25%时焊料合金具有较好的综合性能。     

Effect of Ag Addition on Microstructure,Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr Alloy for Orthopedic Application

The as-extruded Mg–3Nd–0.2Zn–0.4Zr–xAg (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 1 wt%) alloys were prepared for biomedical applications. Scanning electron microscope, electron backscattered diffraction, X-ray diffraction, tensile test machine, electrochemical workstation, and immersion experiments were used to study microstructures, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the as-extruded alloys. The results indicate that the microstructures of all the as-extruded alloys are composed of coarse undynamic recrystallized grains, fine equiaxed recrystallized grains, and precipitated phases. Ag element plays a positive role in promoting dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement. And during the extrusion, all the four alloys generate a $\left\langle {10\overline{1}0} \right\rangle$//ED fiber texture. With the increase of Ag element, the volume fraction of Mg₁₂Nd phase increases and then decreases slightly. By increasing Ag addition, both yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the as-extruded alloys reduce first and then improve, and the elongation improves gradually from 9.4 to 12.7%. More importantly, the addition of Ag accelerates corrosion of the as-extruded alloys in simulated body fluid, and all the as-extruded alloys show uniform corrosion mode.     

生物可降解梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用粉末冶金技术制备梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料,研究了造孔剂分布、烧结温度、HA含量对梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的孔隙度和力学性能的影响。观察了梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的显微组织及腐蚀后的微观形貌,测量了梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的物相组成和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,随着造孔剂和HA含量增加,烧结产物的孔隙度增加,抗压强度减少。提高造孔剂含量,梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料的耐腐蚀性能明显降低;提高HA含量,该复合物的耐腐蚀性能比梯度多孔Fe-3Ag略有增加,但是其腐蚀速率明显高于梯度多孔纯Fe试样。在模拟人工体液中浸泡3天后,梯度多孔Fe-3Ag/HA复合材料比梯度多孔Fe-3Ag合金表面沉积了更多的HA,这表明HA相有诱导模拟人工体液中Ca和P离子沉积的能力,与Fe基合金相比该复合材料具有更好的生物相容性。     

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Extruded Mg–Zn–Ag Alloys with Single-Phase Structure

Mg–Zn–Ag alloys have been extensively studied in recent years for potential biodegradable implants due to their unique mechanical properties,biodegradability and biocompatibility.In the present study,Mg–3Zn-x Ag(wt%,x=0.2,0.5 and0.8)alloys with single-phase crystal structure were prepared by backward extrusion at 340°C.The addition of Ag element into Mg–3Zn slightly influences the ultimate tensile strength and microstructure,but the elongation firstly increases from12%to 19.8%and then decreases from 19.8%to 9.9%with the increment of Ag concentration.The tensile yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation of Mg–3Zn–0.2Ag alloy reach up to 142,234 MPa and 19.8%,respectively,which are the best mechanical performance of Mg–Zn–Ag alloys in the present work.The extruded Mg–3Zn–0.2Ag alloy also possesses the best corrosion behavior with the corresponding corrosion rate of 3.2 mm/year in immersion test,which could be explained by the single-phase and uniformly distributed grain structure,and the fewer twinning.     

铸态Ti-20Zr-10Nb-xMo合金的微观组织和耐腐蚀性能

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)、硬度测试、压缩试验和电化学工作站等研究了Mo含量对Ti-20Zr-10Nb-xMo(x=0,3,6,9,wt%)合金相结构、显微组织、力学性能以及电化学腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,随着Mo含量的增加,Ti-20Zr-10Nb-xMo合金的相结构发生了α′+β→α″+β→β的变化,平均晶粒尺寸亦随着Mo含量的增加而逐渐降低;当Mo含量为9%时,合金的平均晶粒尺寸约为45 μm。通过Mo的添加,合金的抗压强度和屈服强度呈现先降低后升高的趋势,而显微硬度则先增大后降低;当Mo含量为9%时,合金的抗压强度最大,为1610 MPa,压缩应变为50.9%。未添加Mo的试验合金的自腐蚀电流密度最小,为33.19 nA·cm^-2,R_p值最大,为1531.52 kΩ·cm²,其耐腐蚀性最好。     

微量Sr、Sn对Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn合金力学和腐蚀性能的影响

目的研究Sr、Sn元素对快速凝固制备的Mg ZnCaMn合金室温力学性能和生物腐蚀性能的影响规律。方法采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、差热分析仪、万能力学实验机、静态浸泡、电化学测试等实验手段,分别研究添加Sr/Sn元素对MgZnCaMn合金结构、微观组织变化、热学性能、室温强度、塑性变形及体外降解行为的影响。结果添加Sr元素后,MgZnCaMn合金中的非晶相数量增加,尤其是Mg64.7Zn30Ca4Mn0.8Sr0.5合金浸泡析氢量显著降低,自腐蚀电流密度为1.61×10~(-4)A/cm~2,平均腐蚀速率为0.35 mm/a,抗压强度为621MPa,塑性压缩应变为0.8%。添加Sn元素后,MgZnCaMn合金中的非晶相近乎完全消失,合金组织中主要为雪花状的Mg2Sn相及MnZn13相,合金的析氢量无显著变化,其与Mg65.2Zn30Ca4Mn0.8合金的自腐蚀电流密度皆在10~(-4)数量级,其抗压强度为412 MPa,压缩塑性应变为1.6%。结论添加Sr元素可以提高MgZnCaMn合金的非晶形成能力,增加非晶相体积分数,同时提升了合金的强度和腐蚀性能。添加Sn元素则降低了MgZnCaMn合金的非晶形成能力,合金主要由延性相构成,其室温塑性得到明显改善,与初始合金相比,耐蚀性略有降低,但仍然优于常规的生物医用镁合金(如高纯镁、Mg-Zn-Ca等),具有较好的耐蚀性。     

Effects of La on microstructure and mechanical properties of NbMoTiVSi0.2 refractory high entropy alloys

To study the effects of La on the microstructure and mechanical properties of refractory high entropy alloys, NbMoTiVSi_0.2 alloys with different La contents were prepared. Phase constitution, microstructure evolution, compressive properties and related mechanisms were systematically studied. Results show that the alloys with La addition are composed of BCC solid solution, eutectic structure, MSi₂ disilicide phase and La-containing precipitates. Eutectic structure and most of La precipitates are formed at the grain boundaries. Disilicide phase is formed in the grains. La can change the grain morphologies from dendritic structure to near-equiaxed structure, and the average grain size decreases from 180 to 20 μm with the increase of La content from 0 to 0.5 at.%. Compressive testing shows that the ultimate strength and the yield strength increase with the increase of La content, which is resulted from the grain boundary strengthening. However, they cannot be greatly improved because of the formation of MSi₂ disilicide phase with low strength. The ductility decreases with the increase of La content, which is due to the La precipitates and brittle MSi₂ disilicide phase.     

铝元素对Ti_(0.5)CrFeCoNiAl_xCu_(1-x)合金相转变和力学性能的影响(英文)

本文研究了铝替换铜对Ti0.5CrFeCoNiAlxCu1-x合金显微组织和压缩性能的影响。结果表明,随着铝含量的增加,合金相组织由面心立方结构逐渐转变成体心立方结构,压缩强度从1650MPa提高到2697MPa。大原子半径的铝的替换所引起的晶格畸变是晶体结构从高致密度到低致密度转变和合金强度提高的主要原因。     

Effect of Rare Earth Sc Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloy

Al-5.3Cu-0.8Mg-0.6Ag alloys containing 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 (mass. %) Sc were prepared by ingot metallurgy and thermomechanical treatment. The effect of Sc addition on the precipitation and microstructure of the alloys has been investigated using mechanical testing, optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It has been shown that trace Sc element refines the grains of the casting alloys and the average grain size decreases from 85 μm to 30 μm. Increasi...     

FeCrMnAlCux高熵合金在0.5 M H2SO4溶液中耐腐蚀性能的研究

本文采用真空电弧熔炼技术制备出FeCrMnAlCux(x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0)高熵合金,通过XRD、SEM、EDS对合金的相结构及腐蚀前后的微观组织进行表征,利用动电位极化曲线、EIS、XPS以及浸泡实验对合金在0.5M H2SO4溶液中的腐蚀性能进行分析。研究结果表明：Cu元素的加入促进了合金中FCC相的形成,使合金由单一BCC结构转变为BCC+FCC双相混合结构。五种成分的高熵合金具有典型的枝晶形貌,随着Cu含量的增加,晶粒逐渐细化,组织逐渐均匀。FeCrMnAlCu1.5高熵合金的腐蚀电位最高(-0.363 V),腐蚀电流密度最小(2.148×10-5 A/cm2),合金的耐蚀性随着Cu含量的增加先提高后下降,当x=2.0时,腐蚀电位减小到-0.394 V,电流密度增大到2.865×10-4 A/cm2,其耐蚀性能仍优于未添加Cu元素的合金。腐蚀后合金截面处形成了复合氧化物保护膜,有效降低了合金在0.5 M H2SO4溶液中的腐蚀速率。     

Einfluß von Silber und Thallium auf die anodische Korrosion der Bleilegierungen in Schwefelsäure

Influence of silver and thallium on the anodic corrosion of lead alloys in sulfuric acid Experimental alloys (Pb, up to 4.5% Ag; Pb, up to 10% Sb, Ag; Pb, up to 11% Sb, Tl; Pb, up to 0.3% Tl, As) were anodically oxidized in 7 N sulfuric acid at 25° C. The corrosion rate decreases as the Ag content increases; increasing Sb-content has only little effect. The influence of Tl is considerably smaller and is largely suppressed by Sb; addition of As results in corrosion rates exceeding those obtained with the Tl-free metal.