Ti添加量对B_4C-Ti复合陶瓷力学性能的影响

采用热压烧结在1680℃下制备得到了(100-x)B_4C-x Ti(x=0~40)(质量分数,%)陶瓷,并研究了Ti(x=0~40)添加量对B_4C陶瓷微观形貌及力学性能的影响。结果表明:Ti元素可以促进B_4C陶瓷的烧结,其相对密度随Ti含量增加先增大后趋于稳定,当Ti添加量达到40%时,样品相对密度约为99.5%。XRD结果表明,样品中除B_4C和未反应的Ti之外,还有Ti C和Ti B_2相出现,且随Ti含量增加,两者的衍射峰逐渐增强;随Ti添加量增加,样品的抗弯强度、硬度以及断裂韧性均增大,在Ti添加量为40%时,分别达到481 MPa、8280 MPa、18.55 MPa·mm~(1/2)。分析其原因认为,由于Ti与B_4C发生界面反应,在界面处生成Ti C和Ti B_2相过渡层,联结了B_4C基体与Ti,起到了桥联增韧的作用,使材料的力学性能得到改善。     

B_4C/TA19复合材料显微组织和力学性能研究

纳米碳化硼(B_4C)颗粒与TA19钛合金球形粉末经球磨混合后,采用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)成功制备出增强相呈准连续网状分布的B_4C/TA19复合材料。研究了增强体B_4C对复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,B_4C颗粒的加入可以明显提高材料的抗拉强度,当B_4C颗粒的添加量为0.5%时,复合材料的抗拉强度从原始的986.8 MPa提高至1191.2 MPa,提升幅度达20.7%。当B_4C添加量为0.1%时,复合材料具有较为优异的强塑性匹配,抗拉强度为1065.3 MPa,相比TA19钛合金提高了8.0%,延伸率为13.4%。复合材料的强化机理主要为细晶强化及网状结构的界面强化。     

Si粉对B4C放电等离子烧结性能和力学性能的影响

以Si粉为烧结助剂,采用放电等离子烧结工艺,在1600℃/50MPa下制备出了SiC/B4C陶瓷基复合材料。研究了Si添加量和保温时间对B4C基体SPS烧结性能和力学性能的影响。借助X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析了复合材料的物相组成和微观结构。结果表明:Si粉与B4C基体中的C发生反应,生成SiC相。Si粉的添加可以显著提高复合材料的烧结性能和力学性能。当Si添加量为20%时(质量分数,下同),复合材料的维氏硬度和抗弯强度分别可以达到43.46GPa和529.3MPa。致密度的提高以及断裂模式的转变是复合材料力学性能提高的主要原因。     

B_4C对ZrB_2-SiC基陶瓷力学性能和显微结构的影响

采用放电等离子烧结方法(SPS),在烧结温度为1700 ℃下,制备出ZrB_2-SiC-B_4C复合材料,研究了添加不同量的碳化硼(B_4C)对BrB_2-SiC基陶瓷力学性能和微观组织的影响.结果表明:ZrB_2-SiC-5%B_4C(质量分数, 下同)材料的高温强度高于ZrB_2-SiC-3%B_4C材料的高温强度,两种材料的致密度都在95%左右.加入B4C之后,材料的断裂韧性较未加入B4C材料的高.     

CaO掺杂对10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷烧结致密化的影响

采用冷压烧结技术制备了CaO掺杂的10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷,研究了CaO掺杂量及烧结温度对10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷物相组成、显微结构及致密度的影响。结果表明:当CaO掺杂量为0~4%(质量分数)时,烧结样品中主要含有NiO和NiFe2O4两种,CaO与10NiO-NiFe2O4陶瓷组分反应并形成低熔点相,且Ca2 离子固溶到基体组分中,促进致密化烧结,降低了烧结温度;当CaO掺杂量为4%时,过剩的CaO存在于陶瓷颗粒间,抑制了致密化过程的进行;于1 200℃烧结时,2?O掺杂样品的相对密度最大,达到98.75%,比未掺杂样品的相对密度提高近24%;当烧结温度从1 200当升高到1 400℃时,CaO掺杂量为0、0.5%和1.0%的样品相对密度提高20%以上,但当CaO掺杂量为2%和4%时,陶瓷样品相对密度反而下降,且晶粒明显长大。     

CeO_2对Ti811表面钛基激光熔覆层微观组织及性能的影响

采用同步送粉激光熔覆技术,在Ti811钛合金表面制备了不同CeO_2含量的TC4+Ni45+CeO_2多道搭接激光熔覆层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了不同稀土添加量对熔覆层组织形貌的影响,利用能谱分析仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了涂层的微观组织和相组成,利用显微硬度计测试了涂层的显微硬度。结果表明,在不同CeO_2添加量条件下,熔覆层生成相基本相同,主要包括Ti C、金属间化合物Ti_2Ni、TiB和基底α-Ti。随着CeO_2添加量的增加,熔体对流性增加,反应生成相得到明显细化。当CeO_2添加量为2%和3%时,涂层中生成相分布较为均匀。当涂层中加入CeO_2后,涂层的显微硬度较基底有明显提高,当CeO_2添加量为3%时,涂层的显微硬度相比未添加的CeO_2的涂层有所降低。     

K+掺杂改性的Ca3Co4O9基氧化物热电性能

用溶胶-凝胶法和放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备了层片状结构的(Ca1-xKx)3Co4O4陶瓷,烧结块体相对密度可达97%～99%.XRD(X-ray Diffraction)和SEM(Scanning Electronic Microscope)分析结果表明当K的掺杂量x＜0.08时为单一的Ca3Co4O9相,SPS烧结可以使样品带有一定的织构取向.在室温至700℃的范围内测量了不同K掺杂量时样品电导率和Seeback系数,测试结果表明,当K的掺入量小于0.06时,随着掺入量的增加,可以显著提高样品的电导率(400℃～700℃)和Seebeck系数.其中,700℃时(K0.06Ca0.94)3Co4O9样品的功率因子P=4.43×10-4W·m.-1K-2,与Ca3Co4O9(P=3.51×10-4W.m.-1K-2)相比提高了26.2%,表明K掺杂是改善Ca3Co4O9高温热电性能的有效途径之一.     

SPS反应烧结HfB_2复合材料的制备和性能

针对HfB_2陶瓷材料难烧结和韧性差等问题,选择ZrC粉、Si粉和C粉为烧结助剂,借助ZrC-Si-C间的原位反应生成ZrSi_2和SiC,促进HfB_2陶瓷的烧结,并提高HfB_2陶瓷的综合力学性能。结果表明,HfB_2与烧结助剂的混合粉体经放电等离子烧结(SPS)在1600℃保温10 min和40 MPa的压力条件下制备出相对密度为96.6 1%的HfB_2-ZrSi_2-SiC复合材料,所制样品的硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性均随着烧结助剂ZrC-Si-C含量的增加呈现先上升后降低的趋势。当ZrC-Si-C添加量为10%时所制备样品的综合力学性能最好,其硬度值为26.80±1.2 GPa、抗弯强度为504±40 MPa、断裂韧性值为4.66±0.21 MPa·m~(1/2)。     

TiB_2对γ-TiAl基合金粉末放电等离子烧结行为的影响

采用机械球磨方法制备了含TiB_2的γ-TiAl基合金粉末,并利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术制备了其合金粉末烧结体。结合X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析方法对球磨合金粉末的形貌、相组成及其SPS烧结体的显微组织结构进行观察,分析其致密化及微观组织演化过程,并利用万用拉伸试验机对烧结体的室温力学性能进行测试。结果表明:球磨处理后γ-TiAl基合金粉末呈现近球状和不规则形状粉末;粉末的相组成以α_2相为主,同时含有一定量的γ相和少量的B_2相。提高烧结温度可促进γ-TiAl基合金粉末SPS烧结致密化过程,适量的TiB_2的添加也能够有效降低合金粉末SPS快速致密化的起始温度。当TiB_2添加量为0.2%(质量分数)时,合金粉末在1100℃、40 MPa、10 min条件下烧结,其显微组织呈现出由γ晶、α_2晶和α_2/γ片层结构组成的混合组织结构,各相分布均匀且晶粒细小,其所对应的室温抗拉强度也最高。     

机床用WC/Al_2O_3复相陶瓷刀具材料的研究

以WC和α-Al_2O_3为主要原料,采用真空热压烧结工艺制备机床用WC/Al_2O_3复相陶瓷刀具材料。测试和分析了烧结样品的相对密度、弯曲强度、断裂韧度、硬度值、相组成以及显微结构。结果表明,当WC添加量为75%,微米α-Al_2O_3添加量为25%,烧结温度为1 600℃时,所制备的WC/Al_2O_3复相陶瓷刀具材料性能最佳,相对密度值为99.1%,弯曲强度为706.3 MPa,断裂韧度为8.91 MPa·m1/2,硬度值为19.14 GPa。最佳样品的主晶相为碳化钨(WC)和刚玉(Al_2O_3)。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).