医用低刚度β型钛合金的研发

近年来 ,医用钛合金的研发趋势是开发具有良好机械加工性能的无毒无过敏元素的低刚度 β型钛合金。日本研究者根据纯细胞毒性、极化抗力数据、生物医用金属材料和纯金属的生物相容性 ,确定了无毒元素为Nb、Ta和Zr。他们根据Morinaga等人开发的d电子合金设计法确定候选合金成分 ,根据 3次电弧熔炼的实验室规模铸锭 (约 45 g)拉伸试验结果 ,开发了医用低刚度 β型钛合金Ti 2 9Nb 13Ta 4 6Zr ,并研究了该实用型合金的机械性能和生物相容性。熔炼与加工　 2 0kg级Ti 2 9Nb 13Ta 4 6Zr铸锭采用悬浮铸造法制备。铸锭先在95 0℃后在 85 0℃下…     

生物医用钛合金的研究进展

钛合金具有较低的弹性模量、优异的耐腐蚀性能和生物相容性,是理想的生物医用材料.综述了医用钛合金的发展过程及新型医用β钛合金的研究现状,以及开发的新合金系列.目前开发的医用钛合金中,Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta和Ti-29Nb-13Ta-7.1Zr合金的弹性模量为55 GPa,与致密骨的弹性模量很接近,与人体骨有较好的...     

外科植入物用新型TAMZ合金的生物学性能（Ⅰ）

新型医用钛合金是当前生物医用材料的一个重要领域 ,西北有色金属研究院同第四军医大学合作 ,依据我国临床上使用的金属材料现状和医用钛合金存在的问题 ,以外科植入物为目标 ,设计并研制出了具有我国知识产权的新型医用钛合金 TAMZ(Ti- 2 .5Al- 2 .5 Mo- 2 .5 Zr) ,与目前通用的医用 Ti-6 Al- 4V合金相比 ,新合金在生物相容性、综合力学性能、工艺成型性等方面具有显著的优越性 ,是比较理想的生物医用钛合金。TAMZ合金主要用于人体内硬组织的修复和替换 ,该合金已于 2 0 0 0年 7月通过陕西省组织的技术鉴定 ,同时获得国家发明专利授…     

Ti-6．5Al—3．5Mo-0．3Si及其改进型钛合金

介绍了Ti-6．5Al-3．5Mo-0．3Si及其改进型钛合金的成分、加工和热处理工艺及性能等，为合理选择其加工和热处理工艺及使用该合金提供依据。     

新型β医用钛合金的开发应用

最近开发出了一种新型β医用钛合金．该种合金与传统的医用合金如Ｃｏ－Ｃｒ合金、纯钛、α＋β型合金（ＴＣ４）等相比,具有不含毒性元素、弹性模量低、强度高、耐蚀性高、耐磨性高等优点． 虽然α十β钛合金如Ｔｉ－６Ａｌ－４Ｖ ＥＬＩ、Ｔｉ－ ６ＡＩ－７Ｎｂ和 Ｔｉ－5Ａｌ－２．5Ｆｅ具有良好的生物相容性、耐蚀性和机械性能,但是这几种合金却含有对人体有毒性的合金元素,且其弹性模量相对于骨骼偏高．而纯金属的细胞毒性也早已为人们所知．考虑到β钛合金在弹性模量等方面的优点,日本的Ｍｉｔｓｕｏ Ｎｉｉｎｏｍｉ等运用ｄ一电…     

医用高强亚稳β钛合金

传统的医用钛合金最初都是为航空应用开发的。而近来专门为骨移植应用开发了低弹性模量的亚稳β钛合金。其目标是将弹性模量降到自然骨和现有植入材料之间。通常，低模量的亚稳β钛合金在低强度的固溶状态下使用。例如Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta．固溶状态下的弹性模量为55GPa。屈服强度为530NPa．延伸率为20％。通过提高氧含量及时效处理可提高Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta的强度。使其成为有吸引力的医用钛合金替代品。     

快速凝固制备La2Mg0．9Ni7．5Co1．5Al0.1贮氢合金的相结构及电化学性能

采用感应熔铸＋退火处理及快速凝固方法制备了La2Mg0．9Ni7．5Co1．5Al0.1贮氢合金。系统研究了快速凝固对合金的相结构、微观组织及电化学性能的影响。XRD分析表明，随着冷却速率的增加，La2Mg0．9Ni7．5Co1．5Al0.1合金的相组成发生了明显变化。退火合金由αLa2Ni7主相（Ce2Ni7型结构）和少量LaNi3相（PuNi3型结构）组成。随着冷却速率的增加，合金中出现LaNi5相（CaCu5型结构）和LaMgNi4（MgCu4Sn型结构）相，且新相的相丰度增加，aLa2Ni7相和LaNi3相的丰度减少。EPMA分析表明，快速凝固方法制备的La2Mg0．9Ni7．5Co1．5Al0.1贮氢合金为柱状晶组织且晶粒细小。合金电极的电化学测试表明，冷却速率对合金的活化性能影响不大。随冷却速率的增加，合金的最大放电容量减少、高倍率放电性能下降。在较低的冷却速率下（5m／s），合金电极的循环稳定性改善不明显，而随着凝固速度的进一步增加（20m／s），合金电极表现出较好的循环稳定性。     

添加微量氧和氮对生物用新钛合金力学性能的影响

整形外科用人体植入材料目前使用的有SUS316L不锈钢、Co－Cr合金、纯钛及钛合金．但以美国为中心的诸国一直担心金属钒的细胞毒性和铝的神经毒性，所以正在努力开发新的合金．而日本也正在开发新钛合金，已开发了Ti-15Zr-4Nb-4Ta－0．2Pd以及Ti-15Sn－4Nb－2Ta－0．2Pd．已详细报道过它们的力学性能、在生物模拟环境下的耐蚀性、疲劳性能及合金元素对钝化膜生成的效果等．为了进一步提高其室温强度和疲劳强度，同时添加微量的氧和氮，并对新钛合金进行固溶处理和时效处理，探讨其对室温强度以及在生物模拟液中的疲劳强度的影响。试验…     

微量钪对Al-2．5Cu-1．5Mg合金时效特性与微观组织的影响

研究了微量钪对Al-2．5Cu-1．5Mg合金微观组织与时效特性的影响。结果表明，微量钪的添加增强了Al-2．5Cu-1．5Mg合金的时效硬化效果，但并未改变该合金时效硬化的总体规律。透射电镜分析发现GPB在合金时效硬化第二阶段初期才开始析出，并且是该合金第二阶段硬化的主要原因，微量钪的添加促进了Al-2．5Cu-1．5Mg合金中GPB的弥散细小析出。     

新型医用钛合金TZNT的耐蚀性

论述了为实现传统医用钛合金的更新换代设计研制的新型医用TZNT合金在格林式溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,与TC4、TA2等医用钛合金相比,TZNT合金具有更好的钝化性能。     

生物医用植入钛及钛合金的力学性能研究及进展

生物医用植入纯钛具有低密度、优越的耐蚀性、无致敏性和良好的生物相容性，而医用植入钛合金还具有高比强度、较低的弹性模量及易加工等优良特点。所以生物医用植入钛及钛合金已成为外科植入件优选的替代材料。本文重点介绍了人体硬组织修复与替换材料新型钛合金的生物相容性、力学性能、合金添加元素对力学性能的影响和最新研究进展，并指出了未来研究的发展方向。     

钛合金表面织构化与构建生物活性涂层的研究进展

医用钛合金作为临时基质的植入材料对周围新组织的生长具有特殊的诱导作用。针对椎弓根螺钉固定系统对钛合金基材表面机械性能和生物活性的共同需求,表面织构与生物活性涂层对钛合金表面的改性展示出独特的优越性。文中详细介绍了钛合金表面织构化对其摩擦学性能和生物相容性的影响,以及构建生物活性涂层的种类;总结了钛合金表面织构的作用机理,生物活性涂层的改善机制,阐述了表面织构化与构建生物活性涂层各自的局限性,并指出钛合金作为生物医用材料仍需要解决的问题及未来的研究趋势。     

航空用损伤容限型钛合金研究与应用

为了满足新型飞机的大尺寸、高减重、长寿命和低成本的设计与应用需求，采用损伤容限型钛合金材料及其应用技术是一条重要途径。国外发达国家已经在新型损伤容限型钛合金材料研制和在先进飞机上的应用方面走在了前列，特别是像中强度的Ti-6Al—4VELI和高强度的Ti一6—22—22S等，已经成功地应用在了美国F-22／F-35，C-17等新一代飞机中，大大地提高了飞机的使用寿命和战斗力。这几年我国先后自主创新发展了中强度损伤容限型钛合金TC4-DT和高强度损伤容限型钛合金TC21，建立了损伤容限型钛合金的口处理加工技术，为我国新型飞机的研制奠定了材料应用技术基础。通过分析国内外损伤容限型钛合金材料及其新型加工工艺技术的研究发展情况，结合我国新型损伤容限型钛合金材料研究进展，重点探讨了新型损伤容限型钛合金的材料特点、性能水平和应用前景。     

Interface interactions between porous titanium/tantalum coatings, produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM), on a cobalt-chromium alloy

Porous titanium and tantalum coatings were produced on cast cobalt-chromium alloy substrate plates (Co-28 Cr-6 Mo ASTM designation F75)) using the additive manufacturing process Selective Laser Melting (SLM). Both tantalum and titanium coatings where successfully produced, however, a poor interface bond was observed with the titanium coatings on the cobalt-chrome alloy. This was due to a eutectic reaction leading to the formation of a low melting point phase βTi(CoCr) which cracks during cooling, rather than the formation of titanium carbide, as previously reported. This cracking makes titanium an unsuitable material to coat cobalt-chromium alloys using SLM.Tantalum coatings, however, showed considerably improved performance in terms of interface compatibility when compared to titanium and therefore a Co-Cr/Ta system would seem feasible for the manufacture of porous structured devices when a bi-material approach is required. This would allow the advantages of a highly biocompatible structured coating to be combined with the mechanical performance of a less biocompatible substrate.     

Ta元素的添加对7715D钛合金力学性能的影响(英文)

采取普通的熔炼和锻造技术制备含有2.1%Ta元素的7715D钛合金(2Ta)。分别采用2种不同的热处理方式对材料进行热处理。利用XRD对试样进行物相分析,通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜分析材料的微观组织,并测试材料的室温、高温力学性能。结果表明:Ta元素的添加对材料的力学性能有很大影响,能显著强化7715D钛合金。     

Characterization of the Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta Alloy for Biomedical Applications. Part 2: Wettability, Tribological Performance and Biocompatibility

The Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy, prepared in a levitation melting furnace, was investigated as a possible candidate for replacing Ti6Al4V alloy in medical applications. The sessile drop method, pin-on-disc and in vitro tests were used to analyze wettability, wear resistance, and biocompatibility of the new alloy. The characteristics of the Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy were assessed in comparison to those of the Ti6Al4V alloy. The Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta system was found to have hydrophilic characteristics with similar contact angle as the Ti6Al4V alloy. In all environments (deionized water, simulated body fluid and Fusayama Meyer artificial saliva), the friction coefficient showed a stable evolution versus sliding distance, being similar for both alloys. On overall, the wear resistance of Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy was lower than that of Ti6Al4V for all testing environments. The Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy exhibited good biocompatibility characteristics at in vitro test compared to Ti6Al4V alloy. The cell viability on Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta surfaces was higher than the one observed on Ti6Al4V samples, regardless the number of days spent in osteoblast-like cells culture. A high degree of cell attachment and spreading was observed on both alloys.     

我国钛科学技术的发展动向和新进展：第9届全国钛及钛合金学术交流会述评

根据第９届全国钛及钛合金学术交流会论文集１６２篇论文中提供的资料，从新合金、新工艺和新产品及基础理论研究４个方面概述了我国钛科学技术发展的动向和新的进展。     

Electrochemical characteristics of titanium based biomaterials in artificial saliva

In the last decade, new titanium alloys have been developed in different areas of dentistry, such as Ti6Al7Nb, Ti6Al2Nb1Ta1Nb, and Ti5Al2.5Fe. The aim of this study was to compare the Ti6Al7Nb, Ti6Al2Nb1Ta1Nb, Ti5Al2.5Fe, and Ti6Al4V alloys with the commercial titanium, regarding the corrosion resistance in artificial saliva. In the electrochemical estimations the polarization data are converted into instantaneous corrosion rate values (I_corr). The passivation properties were comparable for the four alloys. The EIS spectra are best fitted using an equivalent circuit (EC), which corresponds to the model of a two‐layer structure for the passive film. High impedance values (in the order of 10⁶ Ω cm²) were obtained from medium to low frequencies for all materials suggesting high corrosion resistance in artificial saliva. The electrochemical and corrosion behavior of Ti6Al4V is not affected on substituting vanadium with niobium, iron, molybdenum, and tantalum.     

Influence of thermo hydrogen treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI alloy

Thermo hydrogen treatment(THT) of titanium is a process in which hydrogen is used as a temporary alloying element in titanium alloys. It is an attractive approach for controlling the microstructure and thereby improving the final mechanical properties. In the present study, the microstructure of the original(non-hydrogenated) sample has only α phase and the grains is coarse with an average size of ~ 650 μm. While the grain size of thermo hydrogen treated Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI alloy became finer and the mechanical properties were improved significantly. When the hydrogen content of the hydrogenated Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI alloy is 0.321 wt.%, β phase and δ titanium hydride appear. Also the average grain size decreases to 450 μm. When the hydrogen content is 0.515 wt.%, the grain size decreases to 220 μm. The mechanical properties were tested after dehydrogenation, and the mechanical properties improved significantly compared to the unhydrogenated specimens. The tensile strength of the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI alloy improved by 17.7% when the hydrogen content increased to 0.920 wt.%, at the same time the percentage reduction of area(Z) increased by 33% and the impact toughness increased by 37%.