先进陶瓷材料表面/亚表面缺陷无损检测

随着先进陶瓷材料的广泛使用，对其表面和亚表面缺陷检测更显重要。文章对就先进陶瓷材料无损检测技术和检测方法进行了论述，除了介绍几种常用的无损检测方法外，对新型的无损检测方法作以评价。并且就当今最为关心的陶瓷成像技术和预测裂纹问题作了阐述。     

结构陶瓷电火花可加工性的模型化预测

对常用结构陶瓷材料的电火花可加工性进行了实验研究和模型化分析，为预测特定条件下结构陶瓷材料的电火花可加工性提供了新的分析方法。     

Al2O3—ZrO2陶瓷的研究

本文主要对Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２陶瓷材料进行了研究。利用化学法制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＺｒＯ２微粉，并对两种微粉的性能进行了测试，利用常压氧化气氛烧结技术制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２陶瓷材料，并对其力学性能进行了评价，在我们的试验条件下，研制的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２陶瓷材料的力学性能分别为：维氏硬度Ｈｖ＝１２ＧＰａ，弯曲强度σ＝１０５０ＭＰａ，断裂韧性ＫＩＣ＝１２．２ＭＰａｍ＾１／２，杨氏模量Ｅ＝２５８ＧＰａ     

陶瓷材料的表面工程

本文综述了表面工程在对陶瓷材料改性方面的作用，分析了陶瓷材料表面特性对其性能的影响。并讨论了表面改性技术如热喷涂、激光、离子注入等非平衡处理技术对陶瓷材料的改性。通过某些表面工程技术在陶瓷材料上的具体应用指出表面工程在改进结构陶瓷材料的性能，拓宽结构陶瓷的应用面以及制备新型复合材料等方面将起到重要作用。     

通孔元件焊点的抗热疲劳性能预测Ⅰ.焊点抗热疲劳能力的实验研究

针对通孔焊点进行了热冲击的可靠性测试，以非破坏性和破坏性的实验方法，对比分析了波峰焊点和再流焊点的抗热疲劳能力．结果表明，CTE(热膨胀系数)失配是焊点产生裂纹的主要原因，而焊点形态的差异又使得再流焊点内部断裂程度不同于波峰焊点．再流焊点裂纹产生在钎料内部；而波峰焊点由于具有饱满的圆角过渡形态，裂纹产生在镀铜孔与线路板的连接拐角处．裂纹的产生导致了两种焊点强度的降低，对其电性能的影响却甚微。     

陶瓷材料的表面工程

本文综述了表面工程在对陶瓷材料改性方面的作用，分析了陶瓷材料表面特性并其崔能的影响。并讨论了表面敌性技术如热喷涂、激光、离子注入等非平衡处理技术对陶瓷材料的改性；通过某些表面工程技术在陶瓷材料上的具体应用指出表面工程在改进结构陶瓷材料的性能，拓宽结构内瓷的应用面以及制备新型复合材科等方面将起到重要作用。     

SPS烧结ZrB2-SiC复合陶瓷的力学性能

用放电等离子体烧结（SPS）制备了ZrB2-30％SIC复合陶瓷材料，在万能力学试验机上测试陶瓷材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性，用SEM观察陶瓷材料的断口形貌，并分析材料的断裂机制。结果表明ZrB2-SiC复合陶瓷的弯曲强度为743MPa，断裂韧性为6．5MPa.m^1/2；断裂机制主要是沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂的混合机制。     

陶瓷材料可加工性的二级模糊综合评判

文章以陶瓷材料的物理力学性能参数为依据,应用模糊综合评判原理,建立了工程陶瓷材料可加工性的二级模糊综合评判模型,提出了一种对工程陶瓷材料可加工性进行综合评判的新方法。选择陶瓷材料的5个性能参数构成因素集合,根据提出的评判方法,对四种典型工程陶瓷材料的可加工性进行评价,并根据综合评价指标进行排序。结果表明,该方法的评判结果合理,评价方法易于运用计算机来处理,简单实用。此方法将工程陶瓷材料的可加工性的评价建立在材料性能参数分析的基础上,在机械加工之前即可确定材料的可加工性。评价结果对工程陶瓷材料加工过程中工具和工艺参数的确定具有指导作用。     

Al_2O_3—ZrO_2陶瓷的研究

本文主要对Al_2O_3—ZrO_2陶瓷材料进行了研究。利用化学法制备了Al_2O_3和ZrO_2微粉,并对两种微粉的性能进行了测试。利用常压氧化气氛烧结技术制备了Al_2O_3—ZrO_2陶瓷材料,并对其力学性能进行了评价。在我们的试验条件下,研制的Al_2O_3—ZrO_2陶瓷材料的力学性能分别为:维氏硬度Hv=12GPa,弯曲强度σ=1050MPa,断裂韧性K_(IC)=12.2MPam~(1/2),杨氏模量E=258GPa,并对Al_2O_3—ZrO_2陶瓷材料的生成机理及增韧机理进行了研究。     

微波陶瓷材料的自动校准测量

介绍了短路型平行板法测量微波陶瓷介质谐振器的原理、平行板法自动测量系统的硬件组成、自动化校准测试程序的流程图以及友好直观的测试界面；为提高测试数据的可靠性和精确性，该系统特别增添具有自动搜索判别正确谐振峰的功能，并采用2种不同的方法对平行金属板电导率进行标定，不仅完善系统的自动化测量程度，而且提高微波陶瓷材料的测试可靠性和精确性，可实现精确、自动地测量微波陶瓷材料的介电性能参数。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.