正电子湮没技术研究Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶合金的结构自由体积

采用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、正电子湮没光谱(PAT)研究Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶合金的结构特性。结果表明:原始制备的Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶合金其正电子湮没寿命为176ps(大于正电子在纯铁中点阵空位上湮没的寿命τVFe=165ps)。在过冷液区(T=400℃)等温退火中,正电子湮没寿命随着退火时间的增加而减小。在过冷液区退火,导致Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶合金的结构更致密。     

Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶合金结构自由体积周围化学环境的研究

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、正电子湮没技术(PAT)-多普勒展宽谱,研究Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶合金及其过冷液相区结构自由体积周围的元素分布.结果表明:原始制备的Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶合金其结构自由体积周围主要富集Zr原子,在过冷液相区(T＝400 ℃)等温退火后,在该合金结构自由体积周围探测到Zr、Ti和Be原子.     

浸渗温度对Wf/Zr非晶复合材料界面及压缩性能的影响

用逆向浸渗工艺制备了直径为0.5mm的钨丝增韧Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶复合材料。研究了浸渗温度对复合材料界面状态以及压缩性能的影响。当浸渗温度分别为1000、1100和1200K时,复合材料的界面结合分别为机械结合、机械结合与冶金结合共存和反应结合形式。较低的浸渗温度会造成界面结合强度不足,过高的浸渗温度导致钨丝脱熔而形成界面反应产物,二者均对Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶复合材料的压缩强度和变形行为产生不利影响。在1100K浸渗时、保温30min获得的W/Zr块体非晶复合材料具有2409MPa的最高压缩强度和19.5%的塑性变形能力。     

Al对Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Be非晶合金热稳定性和力学性能的影响

利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和室温压缩试验等分析手段,通过替代(Ti40Zr20Cu8Ni9Be18Al5)和掺杂[(Ti40Zr25Cu8Ni9Be18)0.95Al0.05)]两种元素添加方法,研究了5%(摩尔分数)Al元素对Ti40Zr25Cu8Ni9Be18非晶合金铸态组织、热稳定性和力学性能的影响。替代和掺杂的Al元素使直径为3mm的非晶合金棒状试样中分别析出了纳米晶和准晶。Al替代Zr使非晶合金薄带试样的过冷液相区从46K升高到50K,而以掺杂方式添加时却使其降低为31K。替代方式添加的Al元素使非晶合金的压缩断裂强度从1924MPa提高到2121MPa,但塑性应变从3.9%降低到了0.2%;而掺杂方式添加的Al元素使非晶合金强度降低为1475MPa,并呈现零塑性。     

Wf／ZrTiCuNiBe非晶合金复合材料的界面特征与性能

用渗流铸造水淬法制备了φ6mm×50mm的W纤维增强的Zr4125Ti13．75Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5非晶合金复合材料。采用扫描电镜（SEM）分析了相同渗流时间，不同渗流温度复合材料的界面反应形貌，并采用Push-out法测定了界面剪切强度，讨论了界面特征、界面剪切强度与宏观压缩断裂行为之间的关系。结果表明：渗流铸造法制备的W纤维增强Zr41.25Ti13．75Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5非晶合金复合材料明显提高了非晶合金的塑性和断裂强度。复合材料界面结合包括界面扩散和界面反应两个过程。界面反应程度加剧时界面剪切强度增大，复合材料的破坏方式由纵向劈裂转变为剪切破坏。     

Zr—Ti—Cu—Ni—Be—Fe大块非晶合金晶化动力学效应

利用非等温差示扫描量热（DSC）分析方法研究了大块Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni2Be22.5Fe8非晶合金中的晶化行为,用Kissinger方程计算其经表现激活能,实验表明,在Zr基大块非晶合金中掺下Fe后,其玻璃转变与晶化行为都与加热速率有关,均具有动力学效应,同时,从昌化反应速率常数的角度讨论了非晶形成能力。     

钨丝增强(Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5)100-xNbx非晶复合材料的力学性能

采用XRD、SEM等表征方法研究钨丝增强(Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5)100-xNbx非晶复合材料的力学行为.研究表明,分别加入x=1,3,5,7(atA)的Nb后,制备的复合材料试样基体仍为非晶态:随Nb含量的增加,钨丝增强(Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5)10...     

铜基大块非晶合金的压缩断裂行为

铜基大块非晶合金Cu52.5Ti30Zr11.5Ni6与Cu53.1Ti31.4Zr9.5Ni6（at％）具有高的抗压缩断裂强度（σc,f），分别为2212MPa和2184MPa；断裂伸长率（εc,f）分别为2．1％和2．2％。断口微观形貌分析表明，Cu基大块非晶合金具有3种不同类型的微观形貌，分别与断口的3个断裂扩展区域相对应。由于断裂沿着2个不同方向进行，条带型脉状网络的产生，使得Cu基非晶具有高的抗压缩断裂强度。     

高Cu高强Zr基块体非晶合金的制备与力学性能

利用铜模铸造的方法制备了(Zr41.2Ti13.8Ni10Be22.5)1-x/87.5Cu12.5 x(x=1.6,6,11.2)块体非晶合金及其复相组织,分析了合金的相组成,热稳定性、力学性能及断口形貌.结果表明:随着铜含量的不断增多,尽管过冷液相区(ΔTx)逐渐增大,但非晶形成能力却不断下降.当合金的铜含量提高到18.5%时,非晶合金的压缩断裂强度达到2.2 Gpa,进一步增加铜含量到23.7%,压缩强度出现下降趋势.     

Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be大块非晶合金等温晶化过程相分离研究

利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和透射电镜(TEM)对Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5(at％)大块非晶合金的等温晶化过程和析出相进行了研究。结果表明，大块非晶合金在等温晶化过程中表现出多阶段相析出行为，并且在不同的晶化阶段，析出相也有所不同。在第1个晶化阶段，析出相主要是体心四方(b.c．t)结构的Zr2Cu相；而在晶化的第2个阶段，晶化相主要为简单六方结构的ZrBe2相。从一定程度上证实了Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5大块非晶合金在发生晶化时会形成富Zr区和富Be区，即有相分离的趋势。XRD测试的结果也证实了非晶合金在发生完全晶化时，主要的晶化产物为Zr2Cu和ZrBe2相。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis