异步轧制AZ31镁合金板材的孪晶组织及织构北大核心CSCD

采用异步轧制（AR）工艺和同步轧制（NR）工艺制备了AZ31镁合金板材,分析了AZ31镁合金板材的组织性能和力学性能,研究了轧制过程中孪晶组织和织构的演变规律,以及异步轧制工艺参数对镁合金板材组织、织构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在压下量为3％～15％的范围内,异步轧制与同步轧制板材在晶粒尺寸以及均匀性上有相似的变化趋势。在变形初期,随压下量的增加,孪晶数量不断增加,孪晶使异步轧制与同步轧制板材中晶粒取向都发生偏转,即C轴趋向于垂直于法向（ND）,从而使初始挤压板材的丝织构强度减弱;当压下量达到24％时孪晶大量减少或消失。在压下量为3％～24％的范围内,同步轧制对板材力学性能的影响并不明显,峰值应变呈交替性变化,异步轧制板材在压下量达到24％时,表现出了良好的塑性变形能力,抗拉强度达到309MPa,峰值应变达到16．3％。     

1100铝合金轧制织构演变的定量分析

采用X射线衍射测量了1100铝合金不同变形量的冷轧织构,建立了织构体积分数和轧制真应变的数学关系式.结果表明在冷轧过程中,初始cube织构逐渐被转化成β纤维织构.随冷轧压下量的增加,cube,r-cube和剩余组分的体积分数减少,而β纤维组分的体积分数增加,织构体积分数随轧制真应变的变化可以用Avrami方程来描述.     

含铜低温取向硅钢轧制过程中的组织及织构演变

采用Zeiss光学显微镜及X射线衍射仪对含铜低温取向硅钢生产过程中热轧、一次冷轧、脱碳退火和二次冷轧阶段的显微组织与织构的演变规律进行了研究。结果表明:热轧试样的组织与织构在厚度方向上呈现明显的梯度变化,试样的表层和过渡层发生再结晶,过渡层存在较强的Goss织构,中心层存在以{001}<110>为主的强α织构。一次冷轧后试样组织被轧制成沿轧向分布的纤维状组织,织构以强α和弱γ织构为主。脱碳退火后试样发生再结晶,晶粒平均尺寸为15.69 μm,总体织构强度有所减弱,但Goss织构强度升高。二次冷轧后组织由等轴晶粒变为纺锤状组织,织构以弱α和强γ织构为主,其中{111}<112>强度最高。     

轧制方式对工业纯钛TA2轧板织构演变的影响

开展了轧制方式对工业纯钛TA2板的织构演变的影响研究。通过3种轧制方式,即等温轧制、差温轧制和反复弯轧进行试验,其中差温轧制的上辊温度高于下辊温度90℃,反复弯轧则是差温带异步轧制,并进行正弯和反弯变形。轧制后的3种钛材采用EBSD手段分析晶粒取向和织构变化。结果显示3种轧制方式获得钛板的变形织构出现明显差异,等温轧制变形织构与典型的α-Ti轧制织构类似,差别仅在于主要峰位置的角度有稍许偏移,其变形大晶粒和再结晶细晶取向沿0001//RD;差温轧制的变形织构为柱面织构,晶粒取向为21 10//RD。其主要原因是上下辊表面温度差异诱发材料厚向产生均匀一致的剪应变,这类似于等通道挤压变形的效果。而反复弯轧的织构同时存在基面织构与锥面织构等变形织构组分,但锥面织构占主导,其细晶取向除沿较强的0001//RD方向外,还沿其他2个较弱的取向21 12//RD和21 13//RD。     

退火对异步轧制高纯铝箔织构的影响

利用取向分布函数(Orientation Distribution Functions)分析和反极图定量计算，探讨了1异步轧制下，高纯铝箔织构的形成和发展?结果表明，适宜的轧辊速比，相应的形变量和与之相匹配的退火工艺，是获得强立方织构(100)[001]的前提。当轧辊速比为1．28、形变量为96．7％时，在600℃退火后，立方织构的体积分数高达96．65％。     

AZ31镁合金挤压轧制过程微观织构演变

利用光学显微分析和电子背散射衍射(Electron Back Scatter Diffraction,简称EBSD)技术,研究了AZ31镁合金在挤压开坯、轧制及退火过程中微观组织和织构的演变规律。结果表明:挤压后板材呈现出特殊的纤维织构,基面平行于挤压方向,在随后的轧制过程中纤维织构逐渐向基面织构转化,且随变形量的增加,基面织构逐渐增强,最终形成了强烈的基面板织构。     

锆铌合金冷变形与低温退火板织构的研究

测定了锆－２．５Ｗｔ％铌合金在冷变形量为２０％，５０％及４００℃退火后的板织构，计算了织构系数，讨论了织构形成、发展与工艺的关系。结果表明，冷加工变形量越大，织构越强烈；冷加工变形织构在４００℃／２４ｈ退火后不仅不会消失，反而会得到加强，这是由于择优取向的亚晶在退火回复过程中变得更加完整的原因。     

高纯铝在轧制及退火过程中微观组织与织构的演变

应用光学金相和取向分布函数（ODF）研究和分析了热轧、冷轧及退火对高纯铝箔微观组织及织构的影响。结果表明：热轧后中间退火,微观组织为等轴晶,晶粒取向为旋转立方织构;冷轧过程中,随压下量的增加,晶粒由待轴状逐渐学演变为纤维状,织构由弱到强,最后稳定在S织构、黄酮织构和铜织构三个织构组分;成品退火过程中,发生再结晶和晶粒长大,退火织构主要由立方织构组成,另含有少量R织构。     

AZ31镁合金在不同轧制方式下的织构演变

采用单向轧制和交叉轧制对AZ31镁合金热轧板进行冷轧,研究不同轧制方式对织构演变的影响.结果表明,单向冷轧的形变量超过15.37%,交叉冷轧的形变量超过5.79%,出现切变带之后断裂.在相同变形量下,单向轧制的{0001}面各织构组分强度趋向均匀分布;交叉轧制的{0001}面各织构组分向{0001}<2(1) (1)0>聚集增强.随形变量增加,单向轧制的{0001}<10(1)0>和{0001}<2(1) (1)0>织构强度呈波动性增加;交叉轧制的{0001}<10(1)0>织构稍有增强后开始减弱,而{0001}<2(1) (1)0>织构强度呈连续性增加.     

工业纯钛板材的轧制织构及微观组织对其孪晶和再结晶行为的依赖性

将工业纯钛(CP-Ti)板轧制至不同程度,随后进行退火以及进行20％的再轧制.通过电子背散射衍射(EBSD)对合金微观组织的变化进行表征.重新轧制后,{11(2)2}＜(1)(1)23＞压缩孪晶和{10(1)2}＜10(1)1＞拉伸孪晶产生.可以观察到孪晶的层状结构,这是由变形孪晶的缠结以及二次和三次孪晶的产生引起的....     

Microstructure and textural evolution during cold rolling and annealing of commercially pure titanium sheet

The effects of cold rolling and annealing on the microstructure and textural evolution of a commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) sheet were investigated. Electron backscatter diffractometry demonstrates that the deformation during rolling is accommodated by twinning and slip. Additionally, twinning is the dominant deformation mechanism when the cold rolling reduction is less than 40%. During rolling, $\left\{11\overline{2}2\right\}〈11\overline{2}\overline{3}〉$ contraction twinning (CT) and $\left\{10\overline{1}2\right\}〈10\overline{1}1〉$ extension twinning (ET) are activated. And, the intensity of the (0002) pole along the ND gradually increases with increasing deformation. During annealing, the fraction of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and the intensity of the (0002) pole along the ND gradually decrease slightly with increasing annealing time, while twinning lamellae disappear rapidly. When the annealing time reaches 60 min, 20% cold-rolled sheet recrystallizes almost completely.     

Effect of deformation mode,dynamic recrystallization and twinning on rolling texture evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloys

In order to obtain quantitative relationship between (0002) texture intensity and hot rolling conditions, conventional rolling experiments on AZ31 magnesium alloys were performed with 20%–40% reductions and temperatures within the range of 300–500 °C. Shear strain and equivalent strain distributions along the thickness of the rolled sheets were calculated experimentally using embedded pin in a rolling sheet. Rolling microstructures and textures in the sheet surface and center layers of the AZ31 alloys were measured by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD). Effects of the rolling strain, dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and twinning on the texture evolution of the AZ31 alloys were investigated quantitatively. It is found that the highest (0002) basal texture intensities are obtained at a starting rolling temperature of 400 °C under the same strain. Strain–temperature dependency of the (0002) texture intensity of the AZ31 alloy is derived.     

Comparison of equal channel angular pressing and cold rolling in the evolution of microstructure and texture in zirconium

Evolution characteristics of the microstructure and texture of severely deformed commercial purity Zr702 were studied. The mode of the severe deformation was either heavy cold rolling or equal channel angular (ECA) pressing. Equiaxed grains, present prior to the deformation, became elongated during deformation along the rolling direction or along the maximum shear direction for the case of cold rolling or that of ECA pressing, respectively. ECA pressing transformed the initial fiber texture to a quite different component, which was also the case for cold rolling. In both cases, the maximum intensity of texture increased with the amount of deformation. Complete recrystallization was realized upon subsequent heat treatment lasting 100 min. at 600°C, and the evolution characteristics of texture and microstructure were also similar for both modes of deformation. These similarities in the microstructure and texture were attributed to the particular route of ECA pressing employed in the present study, i.e., route A. It is therefore concluded that the deformation and annealing behaviors in this particular route of ECA pressing are essentially very close to those of cold rolling.     

Study on Deformation Structure and Texture of Pure Zirconium with Large Grain Size Rolled at Liquid Nitrogen Temperature

主要研究大晶粒退火态纯锆在液氮温度下均匀轧制时的形变组织特征及孪生机制。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子背散射衍衬（EBSD）、X射线衍射等对不同变形量样品的变形组织和织构进行了研究,重点结合软件对EBSD结果进行组织重构和机理分析。结果表明,液氮温度轧制时大晶粒纯锆中产生的孪晶类型为C1{112}<11>、T1{102}<10>和T2{111}<11>孪晶,其中C1{112}<11>孪晶最容易产生且为主要孪生类型。变形开始时,3种孪晶的数量迅速增多,而小角度晶界含量较少;变形量增大到30%时,小角度晶界含量占优势。变形初始阶段孪生优先于滑移进行, 且孪生变形是最主要的变形方式,当变形量为30%时,孪晶协调的位错滑移成为主要的变形方式。变形过程中织构类型未发生变化,保持基面双峰织构（偏离ND方向±30°左右）,但强度随着变形量的增大呈减小趋势     

Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe锆合金板材轧制及热处理过程中的晶粒组织演变

采用光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析研究了Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe锆合金板材在热轧及退火→中间冷轧及退火→成品轧制及退火的全工艺流程中晶粒组织的演变规律。结果表明,热轧后合金组织沿轧制方向呈带状分布,晶粒粗大并破碎变形;中间冷轧和成品轧制后合金为沿轧制方向带状分布的细小形变组织,合金组织明显细化;中间退火和成品退火后合金中晶粒再结晶程度较热轧退火时明显提高,晶粒取向差逐渐向正态分布变化,晶粒组织也逐渐均匀化和细化,最终获得细小、均匀分布的完全再结晶晶粒组织,晶粒度12级。     

轧制工艺对N36锆合金带材微观结构的影响

利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)等方法,对不同轧制工艺制备的N36锆合金带材中的第二相、晶粒尺寸和微观织构进行了研究。结果表明,锆合金带材中织构主要以{0001}$\bar{1}2\bar{1}0$和{0001}$01\bar{1}0$两类基面织构为主,第二相粒子主要为HCP型Zr(Nb, Fe)₂粒子。在热轧总变形量一致的情况下,热轧工艺道次变形量的变化对最终带材的晶粒尺寸和微观织构影响不大,但是对第二相粒子的尺寸有很大影响。热轧过程第一道次变形量越大,最终带材中第二相粒子尺寸越小。在热轧过程中,换向轧制会影响最终带材的织构组成,也会促进锆晶粒的[0001]轴平行于带材的ND方向;同时在带材的轧面(RD-TD 面)上,晶粒的取向性减弱,晶粒取向更加随机。终轧过程中的变形量增大,会使最终带材的晶粒尺寸减小,再结晶程度提高,使得最终带材中{0001}$\bar{1}2\bar{1}0$织构增强,而{0001}$01\bar{1}0$织构减弱。     

挤压AZ31B镁合金板材高温轧制变形行为研究

通过单道次轧制试验,研究了AZ31B挤压镁合金板材在温度为365℃和450℃时的轧制性能,其变形量范围为10%～60%,应变速率为2.1s-1～5.0s-1。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了轧制变形中的微观组织及其演变。结果表明,在变形的初始阶段,孪生为主要的变形机理和硬化机制。由孪生变形积聚的畸变能和非基滑移的启动,导致了动态再结晶的形核与长大,增大变形速率可以抑制晶粒长大,使平均晶粒尺寸细化到7μm～10μm。365℃温轧制变形使板材晶粒明显细化,温度较高时,晶粒细化作用有限。在同一变形量下,随着轧制温度的升高,板材的晶粒呈长大趋势,在365℃轧制温度下,随着道次变形量的加大,细晶百分含量随之迅速增加。当轧制温度提高到450℃时,晶粒细化有限,晶粒尺寸保持在20μm以上。     

Twinning induced plasticity in commercially pure titanium at low temperature

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＰｕｒｅｔｉｔａｎｉｕｍｉｓｕｓｅｄｗｉｄｅｌｙｉｎ ｐｏｗｅｒｓｔａｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｐｌａｎｔｓｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｉｔｓｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ,ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌａｎｄｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｓ .Ｔｈｅａｂｓｅｎｃｅｏｆａｄｕｃｔｉｌｅ ｂｒｉｔｔｌｅｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｐｕｒｅｔｉｔａｎｉｕｍｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｉｎｓａｔｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒｙｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈａｎｄｄｕｃｔｉｌｉｔｙａｔｃｒｙｏｇｅｎｉｃｔｅｍ ｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ .Ｔｈｅ…     

Microstructure and texture evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloy during rolling

The production of magnesium alloy sheets normally involves several processing stages including hot rolling,cold rolling and intermediate annealing.The microstructure and texture evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets in different processing states were investigated by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique.It is found that the microstructure of hot-rolled sheets is dominated by recrystallized equiaxed grains,while that of cold-rolled sheets is dominated by deformation twins.With final annea...