压焊设备

复合结构的电阻焊电极[英]；U形零件内侧螺母凸焊电极的设计与应用；[编者按]     

提高钛合金凸焊质量消除飞溅的有效措施

采用环形凸台凸焊钛合金零件时，由于孔内飞溅严重，影响了焊后的加工，使零件合格率较低。文中提出了产生飞溅的两方面原因，通过采取改进电极设计这一措施，最终使焊接质量优良，零件合格率达到１００％。本文着重分析了几种电极的形式及工作过程。     

凸焊螺母在摩托车上的应用

本文介绍了一种新颖的方形凸焊螺母的设计、制造及其应用情况。应用表明,螺母的可焊性好,只要焊接规范适宜,且应用一种专用电极,凸焊螺母定位准确,应用于0.8～2mm 厚的钢板,均可获得满意的焊接质量。     

HRD－125刀熔开关转轴组件电阻凸焊工艺研究

针对ＨＲＤ－１２５刀熔开关转轴组件的电阻凸焊工艺，介绍了电极和凸点的设计及工艺参数。采用电阻凸焊工艺，容易保证焊件精度，提高生产效率及焊接质量稳定性，因而在生产中取得良好效果。     

HRD—125刀熔开关转轴组件电阻凸焊工艺研究

针对ＨＲＤ－１２５刀熔开关转轴组件的电阻凸焊工艺，介绍了电极和凸点的设计及工艺参数，采用电阻凸焊工艺，容易保证焊件精度，提高生产效率及焊接质量稳定性，因而在生产中取得良好效果。     

细长铜电极加工方法

车床在模具制造中有着广泛的应用，本文介绍了在模具制造中用内卡钳对比法精密测量大中型模具零件内径，用YW1质合金车刀高效加工圆形细长形铜电极．用锡青铜快速找正模具零件。     

电阻焊专用电极的研究与介绍

在汽车工业中,电阻焊应用的很广泛;对汽车生产厂来说,主机总是有限的,因此电极的优化设计和合理选用对扩大电焊主机的功能就显得十分重要。本文着重介绍 V 形电极、离心电极、凸焊专用同心电极及其材质的选择。一、管板焊件用 V 形电极在微型汽车的车架焊接总成件中,横梁组件基本上是由冷拔钢管和薄板件(0.8～3.2)组焊而成,选用电阻点焊的方法进行焊接,如图1所示。由图1可知,当选择通用电极进行点焊时,管件的外圆与下电极前端圆头明显地呈相切状态,因此,工件处于不稳定工     

转向直拉杆锻模型腔的电火花加工

以微型车转向直拉杆零件锻模型腔的电火花加工为例 ,对锻模型腔的电火花加工方法 ,电极的设计方案与制造工艺进行了分析和探讨 ,提出了一种可以保证模具型腔有足够重复精度的电火花加工电极的设计与制造方法     

WP12油底壳工艺试验与模具开发设计

本文简要介绍了一种大深度不规则阶梯长盒形件生产工艺的创新设计及验证过程.阐述了该类零件拉深工艺的成形特点,对关键性技术如拉深模具四周圆角、毛坯形状、凸、凹模间隙等工艺参数进行探索改进和创新试验,对原有的两段拼焊成形工艺进行改进.同时对产品的工艺性也做了适当改进.     

各种产品的焊接

锅炉鳍片管的凸焊工艺 形鳍片管是锅妒制造行业中必要的部件。主要对H形散热片的凸焊工艺进行研究。通过比较分析不同焊接工艺参数对凸焊焊接效果的影响，并根据相关生产标准要求，最终确定了合理的焊接工艺参数，制造出了合格的焊件。图5表5参3     

Prospects of the Use of Synergetic Approach to Solution of Problems of the Science of Nanomaterials

A synergetic approach to solution of problems of self-controlled synthesis of nanostructures and creation of self-organizing nanotechnologies is considered in connection with the superproblem of creation of materials with functional properties resembling those of biosystems. __________ Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 7, pp. 55 – 61, July, 2005.     

Kinetics of the oxidation of metals — Influence of self-diffusion of metal

The importance of the self-diffusion of a metal during its oxidation by a gas is treated for the cases of nonstoichiometric oxides having either interstitial cation or cation vacancies. We have established a general relationship for the reaction rate when a mixed diffusion process occurs. From this relationship, we have shown that the pressure dependence can be different, according to whether the rate-determining process is the self-diffusion through the metal or through the product.     

胫骨生物陶瓷复合材料的微结构增韧机理

扫描电镜观察显示胫骨是一种由羟基磷灰石和胶原蛋白组成的自然生物陶瓷复合材料.羟基磷灰石具有层状的微结构并且平行于骨的表面排列.观察也显示这些羟基磷灰石层又是由许多羟基磷灰石片所组成,这些羟基磷灰石片具有长而薄的形状,也以平行的方式整齐排列.基于在胫骨中观察到的羟基磷灰石片的微结构特征,通过微结构模型分析及实验,研究了羟基磷灰石片平行排列微结构的最大拔出能.结果表明,羟基磷灰石片长而薄的形状以及平行排列方式增加了其最大拔出能,进而提高了骨的断裂韧性.     

Mechanism of Nucleation of Precipitates of Carbides of Refractory Metals Under Hot Rolling of Automotive Sheet Steel

Metal Science and Heat Treatment - The problem of formation of properties in microalloyed sheet steels is considered. The cause and the possible mechanism of precipitation of carbides of refractory...     

燃煤机组锅炉烟气脱硝灰中氨含量测定

NOx是大气环境的主要污染物之一,其主要来源为火力发电机组。依靠低氮燃烧技术,远达不到排放要求。选择性催化还原脱硝(简称SCR)技术是目前效率最高、最成熟、应用最广泛的电厂烟气脱硝技术。目前,在线氨逃逸监测技术存在诸多问题,影响了氨逃逸监测数据的准确度和稳定性。在燃料种类、炉膛结构、受热面布置、过量空气量、炉膛气流分布以及脱硝催化剂类型等条件确定的情况下,控制好氨加入量及其逃逸量是保证NOx脱除率的关键所在。燃煤锅炉除尘飞灰氨含量可侧面反映脱硝氨逃逸率的状况。根据国外的文献报道,正常情况下,电除尘灰中氨含量一般在50mg/kg-100mg/kg范围内。由于国内尚无灰中氨含量的测定方法,亦无脱硝运行对飞灰含氨量影响的数据积累。本文通过大量试验,确定了灰中氨溶解条件(如溶解时间、搅拌状态、灰水比、灰样量及其稳定性等),制定了灰中氨含量测定方法。     

Features of formation of the structure in production of blanks of disks of heat-resistant nickel alloys

Conclusions To provide a high level of mechanical properties in wrought blanks of cast ÉP741NP and ÉP962 alloys it is necessary to form controlled structures. A necklace-type structure formed in homogenizing isostatic treatment, subsequent thermomechanical working including alternation of the operations of deformation in the (+)-area and recrystallization anneals, and final heat treatment is preferable. The temperature conditions of all stages of thermomechanical working are strictly controlled, especially the final operation of deformation and heating for hardening. To eliminate hardening cracks and distortions it is necessary to use molten salts at t=600°C as quenchants. The use of multiple production operations makes it possible to significantly reduce the structural inhomogeneity related to inhertance of the original dendritic structure. However, the structure of the final semifinished product is nevertheless characterized by a difference in occurrence of the processes of polygonization and recrystallization between the former dendritic cells and the interdendritic spaces in deformation and heat treatment.To obtain structurally homogeneous blanks for gas turbine engine parts it is necessary to use basically new methods of remelting such as vacuum double electrode remelting and electron beam remelting with an intermediate vessel.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 12, pp. 25–29, December, 1991.     

Ab-initio calculation of enthalpies of formation of intermetallic compounds and enthalpies of mixing of solid solutions

A large number of ab-initio calculations of energies of formation of intermetallic compounds have been performed in the last 15 years. The currently used methods are listed. The paper presents a review of the aluminium based compounds which have been studied. Comparisons of calculated and experimental enthalpies of formation are provided for aluminim-3d and-4d transition metal alloys at equiatomic composition. The modelling of the enthalpies of mixing of solid solutions based on a given lattice is described.