混合稀土对Mg-5Al-1Si组织及性能的影响

研究了不同组分含量的混合稀土对Mg-5Al-1Si合金高温蠕变性能的影响，对析出相进行了鉴定。研究结果表明，分别加入富镧及富铈混合稀土以后，合金中Mg2Si相得到细化；力学性能检测结果表明，室温及150℃拉伸性能均明显提高。同时，在微量混合稀土及Mg2Si相的综合作用下，含不同混合稀土的Mg-5Al-1Si合金的抗高温蠕变性能均超过AE42。     

镧铈混合稀土对ZnAl4合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、配有能谱仪的扫描电镜和拉伸试验机研究了镧铈混合稀土对ZnAl4合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:随着镧铈混合稀土含量的增加,初生η-Zn相晶粒明显细化,其形貌由花瓣状逐步转变为球状,且分布更加均匀,片层状共晶组织也得到了细化。ZnAl4合金的力学性能主要受初生相尺寸、形貌及析出相形貌的影响。当镧铈混合稀土质量分数为0.15%时,合金的抗拉强度、硬度和断后伸长率达到最佳,分别为245.3 MPa、84.2 HB和4.46%。     

稀土对AZ91镁合金阻燃性和机械性能的影响

针对应用最广的镁铝锌锰系镁合金AZ91,探讨了La的加入对其阻燃性和机械性能的影响.在自制覆盖剂保护下,按照AZ91镁合金化学计量比备料,熔铸了3种不同稀土含量(0,0.2%,0.4%)的样品.对样品进行燃点、硬度测定和金相观察.结果表明,富La稀土不仅可有效地提高镁合金的燃点(在AZ91系镁合金中添加0.4%的富镧稀土可使燃点提高15℃),还可细化晶粒,显著提高了镁合金的硬度,合金的布氏硬度由不含稀土时的548.8 MPa提高到656.6 MPa.     

稀土Gd对Zn-25Al-2.5Si组织及力学性能的影响

研究了不同含量的稀土Gd对Zn-25Al-2.5Si合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Gd元素能够起到明显的晶粒细化作用;Gd能提高合金的室温和高温力学性能。合金的室温拉伸强度、显微硬度有所提高,高温强度和硬度提高明显。180℃时的抗拉强度比不加Gd时提高45.6%,硬度提高78.2%。分析其原因是晶粒细化和Gd本身的性质起了主要作用。     

微量稀土镧钕对Bi5Sb8Sn力学性能影响

通过在Bi5Sb8Sn基体钎料上添加微量稀土镧钕形成Bi5Sb8SnRE新型钎料合金,研究了稀土镧钕对钎料合金力学性能的影响,同时对显微组织进行了分析.结果表明,稀土镧钕含量为0.2%时,Bi5Sb8SnRE合金抗拉强度和抗剪强度达到最大值,分别为58.30 MPa和15.50 MPa,合金抗拉强度和钎焊接头的抗剪强度较基体钎料Bi5Sb8Sn分别提高了44.2%和57.0%.显微组织分析表明,微量稀土镧钕的添加能显著细化该钎料的合金组织,改善合金的组织分布,提高钎料的力学性能;但当稀土含量超过0.2%时,稀土化合物的数量增多,钎料的力学性能下降.     

富Ce混合稀土加入量对铝合金组织与导电性能的影响

通过金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、室温导电率及高温电阻率测试等方法研究富Ce混合稀土对铸态及均匀化态铝合金组织与导电性能的影响。结果表明:富Ce混合稀土对铝合金组织具有细化、变质和净化的作用,加入量为0.10%时细化效果最好;随着富Ce混合稀土加入量的增加,细化效果逐渐减弱,但对含铁杂质相的变质作用加强,导电率逐渐升高,加入量为0.30%时,导电率达到62.10%IACS;合金在570℃均匀化24 h后导电率整体上升,富Ce混合稀土加入量为0.30%时,导电率达到62.30%IACS;富Ce混合稀土对铝合金的高温导电性能有不利影响,加入量越多,合金在高温下的电阻率越大,通过均匀化处理可以减小合金的高温电阻率,降低合金电阻率对温度的敏感性。     

稀土La对快速冷却AZ91镁合金显微组织与性能影响

研究快速冷却条件下不同稀土镧含量(w(La)分别为0,0.3%,0.6%,0.9%,1.2%)的AZ91镁合金的显微组织及相组成,并测试了其力学性能。试验结果表明,经XRD物相分析得知AZ91镁合金是由α-Mg和β-Mg17Al12组成,当向其添加不同含量的La时,会有针状Al11La3析出,且β相数量减少。随着镧含量增加,合金晶粒尺寸由80.29μm减小到66.88μm,细化幅度达到16.7%。稀土La的加入可提高合金的硬度、抗拉强度、伸长率,这与晶粒细化、β相数量的改变以及弥散强化有关。试验中,力学性能最佳的是AZ91+0.9%La合金,其硬度值为84.18 HV,室温抗拉强度为237 N/mm2,伸长率为4.46%;220℃高温抗拉强度为154 N/mm2,伸长率为8.6%。     

稀土对高阻尼铝基合金组织和性能的影响

通过复合添加,研究了复合稀土含量对Al-Zn阻尼合金显微组织、力学性能及阻尼性能的影响.研究表明,复合稀土元素以化合物形式存在于晶界处时,在一定程度上改变了晶界的结构状态,合金的显微组织明显细化,能显著提高合金的力学性能和阻尼性能.其中,成分最优化合金的性能为σb=285.6 MPa,硬度118.3HB,Q-1=2.28×102.     

稀土Y对ZL205A合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了稀土Y对ZL205A合金组织与力学性能(室温及高温)的影响。结果表明:稀土Y对合金有细化和强化作用,但过量的Y使合金的力学性能降低。当Y含量为0.1%时,合金的室温、高温综合力学性能最好。     

富镧混合稀土变质过共晶Al-24％Si合金

采用富镧混合稀土对过共晶Al-24% Si合金进行变质处理,对其微观组织和力学性能进行了研究.实验结果表明:富镧混合稀土不但能有效变质合金中的初晶硅,使其尺寸减小到40μm左右,形状多为规则的多边形;而且对共晶硅的细化更为明显,在初晶硅周围的共晶组织多为短杆状,部分则呈颗粒状,合金经变质后力学性能得到了明显提高.同时,初步探讨了混合稀土的变质机制.     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of semi-solid squeeze casting AZ91D

Semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy billets were prepared by near-liquidus heat holding. Semi-solid squeeze casting was conducted at 575, 585 and 595 ℃, respectively, with 1 mm·s~(-1) squeeze speed. The semisolid squeeze casting AZ91D samples were heat treated by T4(solution at 415 ℃ for 24 h) and T6(solution at 415 ℃ for 24 h + 220 ℃ for 8 h) processes, respectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy in different states were investigated by means of OM, SEM and tensile testing machine. The results show that compared to as-cast alloy, the grain size of the semi-solid squeezed AZ91D decreased significantly, and with the increase of semi-solid squeeze temperature, the grain size of AZ91D increased. The grains of the alloy were refined by T4 treatment, and further refined by T6 treatment. T6 treatment greatly improved the tensile strength, elongation, and hardness, but did not significantly improve yield strength. After 575 ℃ squeeze casting and T6 treatment, the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) reached 285 MPa, the elongation reached 13.36%, and the hardness also reached the maximum(106.8 HV), but the yield strength(YS) was only 180 MPa. During the process of semi-solid squeeze casting and heat treatment, the matrix grain was refined and a large number of precipitated and secondary precipitated phases of Mg_(17)Al_(12) appeared. Both the average size of matrix grain and secondary precipitated phase decreased, while the volume fraction of secondary precipitated phase increased. All these resulted in high tensile strength, elongation and hardness.     

累积叠轧温度对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、室温拉伸试验、显微硬度计、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等方法研究了累积叠轧温度对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸、基面织构、界面结合情况及力学性能的影响。结果表明:3道次累积叠轧后的AZ31镁合金晶粒细化效果明显,硬度增大,随着累积叠轧温度的升高,晶粒细化效果减弱,硬度增加趋势减弱。累积叠轧温度升高有弱化基面织构的作用。AZ31镁合板材在450 ℃累积叠轧3道次,综合力学性能最佳,为显微硬度70.64 HV0.05,抗拉强度288.64 MPa,屈服强度203.76 MPa,伸长率16.96%,界面结合强度21.53 MPa。     

工艺参数和热处理对挤压铸造AZ91D力学性能的影响

通过试验研究了工艺参数和热处理对挤压铸造AZ91D合金力学性能的影响。结果表明:合理的工艺参数使AZ91D合金在普通冷室压铸机条件下可以获得良好的力学性能。且经固溶处理后其抗拉强度、硬度和伸长率都会提高,而经固溶时效处理后抗拉强度和硬度会进一步提高,但伸长率有所下降。     

流变轧制AZ91合金的热处理和组织性能调控

本文对连续流变轧制AZ91合金在热处理过程中的组织和力学性能演化进行了研究。热处理后两种析出相在基体中出现：一种是晶界处的非连续析出相,另一种是从过饱和基体中析出的小尺寸连续析出相。随着时效温度升高,原子扩散速度也随之提高,导致更多的析出相生成和长大。合金的维氏硬度和拉伸强度峰值在16小时时效后出现,而合金的延伸率随着时效时间的延长和时效温度的提高呈下降趋势。经过对实验结果的分析,适合提升合金综合力学性能的热处理制度为415°C固溶20小时加220°C时效16小时。经热处理后得到的维氏硬度、拉伸强度和延伸率分别为：99 HV,251 MPa和4.5%,各项性能均显著优于流变轧制态合金。相对于传统成型手段,流变轧制加热处理方法成型的AZ91合金展现了优异且均衡的综合力学性能。     

热处理对挤压镁合金AZ91和ZK60组织与性能的影响

通过力学性能测定以及金相显微组织观察，对挤压态AZ91和ZK60镁合金的热处理工艺进行了研究。结果表明，AZ91合金固溶态与挤压态相比抗拉强度变化不大，但伸长率有较大幅度的提高；时效硬度峰值时的抗拉强度与固溶态相比有一定的提高，但伸长率有较大幅度的降低。ZK60合金固溶态与挤压态相比抗拉强度和伸长率均有相当程度地降低，且时效硬度峰值时的抗拉强度与同溶态相比有一定的提高，伸长率也有较大幅度的降低。AZ91合金固溶处理后晶粒尺寸与挤压态相比有所增大，但ZK60合金固溶处理后晶粒尺寸显著粗化。同时，两种合金固溶时效处理后伴有强化相粒子析出。     

Nd对压铸AZ91D合金组织与性能的影响

传统压铸获得AZ91D和AZ91D-1.11Nd两种合金试样,采用光学金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了压铸态微观组织和相组成,并测试了其拉伸力学性能、硬度、导热性能和流动性能。结果表明,在AZ91D合金中添加1.11%Nd后,压铸态晶粒有所细化,形成较多弥散分布的细小颗粒状Al2Nd和少量针状Al₁₁Nd₃,原有的半连续网状分布的β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂数量有所减少。压铸态AZ91D-1.11Nd合金呈现良好的综合性能,室温抗拉强度、伸长率和热导率分别为272 MPa、12.0%和69.5 W/(m·K),与AZ91D合金相比分别提高14%、100%和14%;同时呈现与AZ91D合金相当的优异铸造工艺性能,流动长度达到1161 mm。     

Effects of Ce and Sb on the microstructure and properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy prepared by the EPC process

The effects of small amounts of cerium and antimony additions on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of AZ91D（Mg-9Al-Zn） based alloy were researched via the expendable pattern casting（EPC） process.The results show that the microstructure is obviously refined and the tensile strength of the AZ91D based alloy at ambient temperature is significantly improved.When compared to AZ91D,the AZ91D-1.0?-0.4%Sb alloy has higher ultimate tensile strength and elongation.Its ultimate tensile strength and elongation are enhanced by 39% and 47%,respectively.The morphology of the tensile fracture of the AZ91D-1.0?-0.4%Sb alloy has more characteristics of quasi-cleavage.This indicates that it has had a larger plastic deformation before failure.The tensile strength and elongation decrease with the increase of Ce and Sb contents because of the coarsening and volume increase of CeSb and Al11Ce3 phases.     

Recycling of AZ91 Mg alloy through consolidation of machined chips by extrusion and ECAP

AZ91 Mg alloy recycled by a solid state process and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) exhibited a superior strength. The mechanical properties of AZ91 Mg alloy recycled from machined chips by extrusion at 623 K and ECAP at 573 K and 623 K were compared with those of the reference alloy which was produced from an as-received AZ91 Mg alloy block under the same conditions as the recycled alloy. The recycled specimens show a higher strength at room temperature than the reference alloy. The improvement of the tensile properties is attributed not only to the small grain size, but also to the dispersed oxide contaminants.     

挤压铸造AZ81镁合金均匀化热处理工艺研究

为改善挤压铸造AZ81镁合金组织的不均匀性,对铸态试样进行均匀化热处理。采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对AZ81镁合金的组织与性能进行分析。结果表明:经400℃、8h均匀化处理后,AZ81合金有效地消除了枝晶偏析,改善了材料的组织状态;合金硬度由HRE73.72下降到HRE57.68,屈服强度由130MPa增加到138MPa,抗拉强度由226MPa增加到258MPa,伸长率则由7.6%增加到13.6%;试样的室温拉伸断口均为准解理断裂,经均匀化处理后断裂方式由沿晶界的脆性断裂转变为韧性穿晶断裂。     

Processing, microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium matrix nanocomposites fabricated by semisolid stirring assisted ultrasonic vibration

Particulate reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposites were fabricated by semisolid stirring assisted ultrasonic vibration. Compared with the as-cast AZ91 alloy, the grain size of matrix alloy in the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite stirring for 5 min was significantly decreased due to the addition of SiC nanoparticles. SiC nanoparticles within the grains exhibited homogeneous distribution although some SiC clusters still existed along the grain boundaries in the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite stirring for 5 min. With increasing the stirring time, agglomerates of SiC nanoparticles located along the grain boundaries increased. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation to fracture of the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite stirring for 5 min were simultaneously improved compared with the as-cast AZ91 alloy. However, the ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture of the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite decreased with increasing the stirring time.