热压烧结铜基电接触材料的微观组织与性能

通过试验,选用较佳的热压烧结和冷压烧结工艺制得铜基电接触材料,分析对比了其微观组织与性能.用真空热压烧结工艺制得铜基电接触材料电阻率可达2.45μΩ·cm,硬度达57.4HB,相对密度可达90%以上.     

烧结制备Ag-Al电接触材料的组织和性能研究

分别用粉末冶金无压烧结和热压烧结技术制备了Ag-Al电接触材料,并通过场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)分析了其显微组织及成分分布,探讨了两种制备工艺及含铝量对Ag-Al电接触材料密度、硬度、电导率和耐压强度的影响。结果表明,热压烧结样品力学、电学性能均优于无压烧结样品,且热压样品随着含铝量增加,硬度、耐压强度升高,电导率下降;耐压强度主要受含铝量影响;烧结方式影响Ag-Al电接触材料显微组织,进而影响电弧侵蚀后Ag-Al电接触材料表面形貌和成分分布。     

真空热压烧结VC／Cu基复合材料的研究

研究了用热压烧结和冷压烧结工艺制备的VC颗粒增强Cu基复合材料.综合分析了两种工艺制备的材料的微观组织与力学、物理性能及其VC含量对其组织和性能的影响.结果表明,采用真空热压烧结工艺制得的VC/Cu基复合材料,硬度和电导率相比于冷压烧结工艺所得材料有明显提高,相对密度可达94.0%;两种方法制备的VC/Cu复合材料的硬度随颗粒含量的增加而增加,但当颗粒含量达到一定程度时,VC颗粒会发生偏聚,将割裂基体与基体之间的结合,导致材料的硬度下降;而且材料的电导率随颗粒含量的增加而减小.     

热压烧结制备Al2O3弥散强化Cu-25%Cr复合材料的微观组织与性能

对比研究了热压烧结和冷压-烧结工艺制得Al2O3弥散强化Cu-25%Cr复合材料的微观组织与力学、物理性能,并考察了冷变形对其性能的影响.结果表明,采用真空热压烧结工艺制得的Al2O3弥散强化Cu-25%Cr复合材料,硬度达到95 HV,电导率达18.3 MS·m-1,相对密度可达97.1%;两种方法制备的Cu-Al2O3/Cr复合材料的显微硬度随着变形量的增加而增加,最大增幅均在50%左右,分别达到142 HV和131 HV;而电导率是先增加后减小.     

《电镀与环保》2007年第2期

电沉积法制备泡沫银工艺以聚氨酯泡沫为基,探索了电沉积法制备泡沫银的工艺条件。结果表明：聚氨酯泡沫经化学镀、电沉积、还原烧结等,可制得三维网状的通孔泡沫银材料．其抗拉强度大于0．72MPa,孔隙率大于98％,比表面积大于0．6m~2/g(BET法)。     

网孔结构La2Sn2O7粉体的制备及其在Ag-电接触材料的制备及性能研究

以五水四氯化锡和硝酸镧为原料,采用化学共沉淀法在烧结温度920℃条件下合成了锡酸镧粉体。通过高能球磨法+成型烧结工艺制得Ag-La₂Sn₂O₇电接触复合材料。重点考察了胶凝剂浓度、烧结工艺对La₂Sn₂O₇粉体形貌及物相的影响,并对Ag- La₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料的物理性能进行了分析。研究结果表明：以碳酸氢铵为胶凝剂,于烧结温度920℃,2h条件下获得具有网孔结构的La₂Sn₂O₇粉体;于成型压力1200MPa,烧结温度900℃,6h条件下制得的Ag-La₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料表现出较佳的电阻率和硬度值。经过热挤压工艺,Ag-La₂Sn₂O₇电接触材料发生了大塑性变形,颗粒在热挤压过程中发生流动变形,形成类纤维状结构的排列分布状态,表现出更低的电阻率。     

碳纳米管铜基复合材料的制备

利用CVD法制备多壁碳纳米管，并对其进行亲水化表面处理。在存在表面活性剂的情况下，利用共沉积法制备碳纳米管一超细铜粉复合粉体。复合粉体经还原后，采用冷压烧结、六面顶热压、真空热压烧结和真空热压后热轧4种不同工艺成型。利用SEM和XRD比较了这几种工艺成型的复合材料结构和被氧化的情况。结果表明，采用真空热压后热轧工艺制备的碳纳米管铜基复合材料的致密度较高且能有效地防止被氧化。     

配方组份,工艺参数对锯片刀头性能的影响

本文研究了不同组份、不同成型烧结工艺条件对锯片刀头烧结性能的影响。结果表明：烧结攻保温时间对胎体性能的影响很大，对本试验中所用配方，获得了８４０℃，３ｍｉｎ保浊蝗合理工艺参数，磷的加入能促进烧结；当铜基结合剂中加入铁时，热压烧结优于冷压烧结。     

郑州三磨研究所获批准授权发明专利

近日,从国家知识产权局传来令人兴奋的好消息,由郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所申请的发明专利《200510017879．1金属结合剂超硬材料砂轮离心热压烧结方法及装置》已获批准并授权。离心热压烧结方法是一种非常独特的超硬材料砂轮制造工艺,适合异形和高厚度砂轮的热压成型。     

硬质合金耐磨零件的热压

传统用于烧结性能不良、粘结剂含量低的牌号的大零件 ,特别是对于无粘结剂陶瓷 ,热压工艺是硬质合金工艺中昂贵的、几乎“最后采取”的工艺。在电加热的石墨模中 ,将压制和烧结结合起来 ,整个烧结阶段过程中一直保持压力 ,导致收缩完全按轴向 (压制 )方向进行。因此模具可按最终零件尺寸制得 ,而无需考虑牌号成分、不会出现放射状收缩。硬质合金耐磨零件的热压@佘建芳     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis