7050铝合金铸锭均匀化热处理

试验研究了7050铝合金铸态及不同温度-时间均匀化处理后的组织演变。研究结果表明:铸态组织中存在严重枝晶偏析,400℃均匀化处理过程中,非平衡凝固共晶相向合金基体持续溶解,在465℃均匀化时,平衡η(MgZn2)相、T(Al Zn MgCu)相等大部分共晶相回溶到基体中,晶界明显细化,均匀化效果显著。确定了7050铝合金铸锭最佳均匀化工艺制度为465℃保温24 h。     

含微量Zr的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金多级均匀化热处理中的组织演变

采用扫描示差量热法(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜(OM)和能谱分析(EDS)等手段研究了含微量Zr的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金铸态与不同均匀化热处理态的显微组织演化和成分分布,测定了该合金铸态组织中的低熔点共晶相的成分和熔化温度,确定了该合金的均匀化处理制度和过烧温度.结果表明:Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr合金铸态组织晶界上主要的非平衡相为Al2Cu,其熔点为523.52℃.合金经420℃×6h一级均匀化处理后,Al3Zr粒子在基体内二次析出且弥散分布.经515℃× 24h二级均匀化处理后,晶界上的非平衡相大部分溶入基体,枝晶偏析基本消除,晶内各元素分布均匀.该合金的最佳均匀化制度为420℃× 6h+515℃× 24h,均匀化过烧温度为520℃.     

7175铝合金铸锭均匀化工艺及组织分析

采用DTA热分析仪、光学显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM)等分析仪器,研究了7175铝合金铸锭组织及均匀化工艺。结果表明,7175合金的铸态凝固组织由α(Al)+S相+T相非平衡共晶相组成;当均匀化温度在440℃时,合金中枝晶组织部分消失,低熔点相溶解不充分,当均匀化温度在460℃时出现过热组织。调整为阶段均匀化440℃×12 h+460℃×8 h处理后,合金晶界处的共晶组织基本消除,第二相尺寸降低至30μm以下,含铜相基本全部回溶,均匀化效果良好。     

超高强Al-9.0Zn-2.7Mg-1.8Cu-0.12Zr合金均匀化工艺

采用硬度和电导率测试、差热分析、金相观察和电子显微分析方法,研究了均匀化过程中超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金硬度、电导率和显微组织的演变规律。结果表明:铸态合金主要由过饱和固溶体α(Al)及非平衡共晶组织组成。在300~490℃均匀化过程中,其显微组织发生了如下变化:一方面,η相和Al3Zr相的析出行为随着均匀化温度的改变而呈现出规律性的变化;另一方面,随着均匀化温度的升高,铸态合金的枝晶组织和枝晶间粗大的非平衡相逐步消失,其硬度先降低后升高,电导率先升高后降低,这种性能变化与组织结构变化一一对应。合金铸锭适宜的均匀化工艺为450℃保温24 h,均匀化过程动力学分析结果与实验结果基本吻合。     

7050铝合金均匀化过程中组织转变

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和差示扫描量热法等研究7050合金均匀化过程中的显微组织与化合物的演变。结果表明,7050合金铸态为典型的枝晶网状组织,其中片层状共晶组织由α(Al)和T相(Al Zn Mg Cu)组成,并存在少量含Fe相(Al7Cu2Fe)。均匀化温度在460℃以上,共晶相发生分解,且由T相向S相(Al2Cu Mg)发生转变,480℃以上S相发生溶解并逐渐减少,而含Fe相的形状和尺寸基本不发生变化。随均匀化时间的延长和温度的升高,T相逐步向S相完全转变,且S相逐渐溶解于基体中,残留很少。对于所采用的7050合金铸锭,为了消除共晶组织,减少残留化合物和合金元素均匀分布,460℃×24 h+480℃×8 h双级均匀化工艺为较合理的均匀化工艺。     

7050铝合金淬火特性与微观组织

采用温度数据采集系统采集得到盐浴炉等温保温过程中试样的温度变化曲线,通过硬度和电导率测试测定7050铝合金的时间-温度-性能(TTP)曲线。采用透射电镜和热分析仪对7050铝合金进行显微组织观察和分析。结果表明:合金TTP曲线鼻温大约在320℃,孕育期约为1.7 s。合金的淬火敏感温度区间为230~410℃,且在此温度区间内,合金硬度随时间的延长而迅速下降。等温保温过程中,合金晶内淬火平衡η相主要依附于晶内Al3Zr等弥散相和细小Al2Cu相形核长大;且随着保温时间延长,淬火析出相的体积分数逐渐增加,晶界析出相趋向于连续分布,无析出带逐渐宽化。等温保温合金经时效后,晶内析出GPⅡ区及η-相数量随着等温保温时间的延长逐渐减少,使得合金性能降低,合金表现出一定淬火敏感性。     

双级时效对AA7050合金组织和性能的影响

研究了双级时效的预时效阶段及高温短时回归时效处理对AA7050合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,AA7050合金时效硬化效果明显,预时效温度越高,硬化速率越快;在不高于135℃下时效,具有较好的抗过时效能力。135℃下预时效12 h后,晶内组织以GP区为主,且晶界平衡相细小连续,无明显晶界无析出带,合金强度处于亚峰值状态。170℃高温二级时效处理时,随时效时间延长,合金强度先上升后下降;时效2 h时,综合力学性能最佳,晶内主要强化相为GP区和η’相,晶界为不连续的η相,伴随10～20 nm的晶界无析出带,随二级时效时间延长,晶内η’相大量向η相转化,强度迅速下降。     

Al-9.1Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu合金均匀化工艺研究

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射分析和差示扫描量热分析研究了Al-9.1Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu合金铸态与均匀化态显微组织及相组成演化规律。试验结果表明,该合金铸态组织中存在大量的非平衡低熔点共晶相,其初始熔化温度为475℃;合金铸态组织相组成包括α-Al、η-MgZn2及少量的Al7Cu2Fe相;在460℃以上均匀化后,该合金处于α-Al单相区,组织中非平衡低熔点共晶相均能固溶于基体内;465℃×24h是该合金适宜的均匀化处理工艺。     

Al-Zn-Mg-Zr合金铸锭的均匀化

采用差示扫描量热分析确定Al-Zn-Mg-Zr合金均匀化处理温度和过烧温度,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析和透射电镜研究合金铸锭均匀化过程中显微组织的演化,探索该合金的均匀化热处理工艺,研究铸锭均匀化动力学过程,并利用菲克定理构建均匀化动力学方程。结果表明:铸态Al-Zn-Mg-Zr合金由α(Al)固溶体、固溶了Cu元素的η-Mg Zn2相和非平衡共晶相T-Mg32(Al,Zn)49组成。随着均匀化温度的升高和时间的延长,非平衡共晶相溶入基体,晶内有弥散Al3Zr粒子析出,该合金的最佳均匀化热处理工艺为470℃退火16 h。     

新型Al-Mg-Cu铝合金铸锭均匀化过程中相的变化

采用金相、扫描电镜、能谱和DSC分析方法研究了新型Al-Mg-Cu铝合金(以下简称A铝合金)半连续水冷铸锭均匀化处理过程中相的变化.结果表明,A铝合金半连续铸锭的铸态组织中存在大量非平衡凝固的含Al2CuMg和Al2Cu的共晶相,其熔化温度为505℃;在595℃12 h均匀化过程中,该合金铸锭中非平衡凝固共晶相发生溶解,合金中铸造过程形成的非平衡凝固共晶体Al2Cu全部消失,但Al2CuMg相不能完全溶解.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.