冷床上卸钢液压系统分析改造

本文对冷床上卸钢液压系统存在的问题进行了分析,找出了产生问题的原因,并对原液压系统进行了改造,减少了油液的泄漏,提高了系统的稳定性,减小了维修强度,降低了维修成本,提高了系统的工作效率。     

径向冲孔模设计

对盒体零件的冲孔工艺方案进行了分析,介绍了各种冲孔工艺方案的优缺点,从而确定了利用凸轮机构,实现了该零件的径向冲孔。介绍了该模具结构及工作过程,给出了零件的工艺计算方法,提出了模具的设计方法,为解决同类零件的冲孔提供了参考。     

带内螺纹的望远镜镜身注塑模具设计

分析了望远镜镜身的结构,提出了塑件成型及模具设计的关键点,设计了模具的整体结构。设计了可相对运动的组合式型芯,以增加内抽芯机构的运动空间,通过塑件推出时带动螺纹滑块的移动实现了内侧抽芯。设计了矩形型芯镶块、加工了避空结构,采用螺钉固定,解决了狭小空间安装小型芯的问题,避免了模具干涉。采用了锥面配合,提高了模具的定位精度,减小了配合件的摩擦。经生产验证,该模具生产的塑件质量满足图纸要求。     

皮带罩冲压工艺及模具设计

通过对皮带罩零件的冲压工艺进行了分析,确定了合理的工艺方案。介绍了拉深模的设计,分析了拉深时零件项部圆角产生拉裂的原因。提出了解决零件拉裂的措施。通过热处理提高了模具的使用寿命,降低了生产成本。     

基于STEP-NC的数控铣削仿真系统的研究

STEP-NC是STEP向数控领域的扩展.STEP-NC使CNC与其它CAX系统之间实现了信息的双向流通,丰富了数控程序的信息含量,提高了CNC的智能化水平.文章利用Visual C 编程语言及OpenGL图形库实现了一个基于STEP-NC的数控铣削仿真系统,构建了基于STEP-NC的软件,规划了其体系结构,论述了STEP-NC类库的设计过程.随后,给出了系统各功能模块的实施细节,分析了各模块实现的关键技术,着重介绍了系统各功能模块的设计与实现,并给出了程序算法及相关流程图.验证了STEP-NC数据模型的可行性.     

保压阀支架级进模无废料排样设计

分析了保压阀支架的冲压工艺,设计了零件的排样方案,介绍了模具结构。不仅保证了零件的精度,同时提高了生产率,大幅降低了生产成本。     

计数器齿轮冷模锻工艺及模具设计

分析了计数器齿轮的冷模锻工艺,设计了冷模锻件图,计算及选用了毛坯尺寸及形状,验算了许可变形程度,选择了变形用的设备,拟制了冷模锻前的毛坯处理及设计了冷模锻模具结构。     

导向筒挤压成形工艺及模具设计

探讨了导向筒挤压的可行性,对几种工艺方案进行了分析,选择了最优方案并制定了工艺流程,在此基础上设计了导向筒挤压模具。采用冷挤压工艺加工后,提高了零件精度和表面质量,改善了强度和韧性,减少了切削加工量,节约了原材料,提高了生产效率,也改善了零件的组织性能。     

拖拉机导向轮自动焊专机的研制

为加大拖拉机导向轮合件的生产规模, 开发研制了一台自动焊专机, 实现了拖拉机导向轮合件的全自动焊接, 提高了劳动生产率, 满足了规模生产的需求; 还实现了该零件的自动焊接工艺参数的一元化控制, 减小了人为因素对产品质量的影响, 保证了产品的质量, 减轻了工人的劳动强度, 降低了生产成本。     

基于工艺补充面优化设计的汽车前门外板拉深成形研究

针对表面形状复杂的汽车前门外板进行了冲压缺陷分析并提出了解决方案。分析了制件变形和棱线滑移产生的原因。构造了较产品设计有一定局部偏差的工艺造型,形成了适用于拉深工序的模具型面。对工艺补充面进行了再设计,通过设置工艺凸包和凹陷补偿的方法,解决了门把手安装槽转角的变形问题。利用强压处理调节局部材料流动,并优化了传统的强压区范围,最终有效控制了滑移线。建立了有限元模型,对设计方案进行了模拟验证,制造出了合格的拉深制件。     

2219铝合金不同气氛下TIG焊焊接接头组织性能

为研究氦弧TIG焊焊缝质量,对比分析了2219铝合金氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊缝成形及组织性能.结果表明,在背部熔宽相同的条件下,氦弧TIG焊焊缝正面熔宽、下塌量及热影响区宽度均小于氩弧TIG焊,氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊缝的微观组织及第二相组织基本相似,焊缝区晶粒为等轴晶,热影响区晶粒为粗大的板条状,组织为粗大的α铝基体与金属间化合物Al₂Cu及少量的共晶组织,焊缝区的第二相组织明显多于热影响区,无法发挥弥散强化的作用.氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊接接头的断裂方式均为韧性断裂,抗拉强度基本保持一致,氦弧TIG焊焊接接头的断裂总延伸率高于氩弧TIG焊,维氏硬度高于氩弧TIG焊焊缝的硬度.     

机械合金化的反应机制研究进展

介绍了机械合金化技术的基本原理、工艺过程及特点，对目前机械合金化存在的两种机制进行了分析，指出通过原子扩散逐渐实现合金化反应机制和爆炸式反应机制实质上是相似的，导致效果的不同主要在于合金体系的形成热不同。另外对影响机械合金化过程的因素以及该工艺存在的缺陷进行了阐述。     

院校研究的基本范式:定性模式与定量模式

院校研究有两种研究路向,一种是“(问题)一理论—假设—观察一理论一(问题)”的研究路径,另一种是“(问题)一观察一概括一理论—观察一(问题)”的研究路径。从哲学方法论层面看,院校研究主要有四种研究范式,即经验主义、实证主义、结构主义和人本主义。其中,实证主义和经验主义是定量研究的方法论基础,结构主义与人本主义是定性研究的方法论基础。定性研究与定量研究并不是绝对的两分,它们构成一个连续的系谱。实验法与文学法位于这一系谱的两个极端。     

GMAW焊接熔滴过渡动态过程的数值分析

以流体动力学、电磁理论及VOF方法为基础建立了熔滴过渡的动态模拟模型，模型中考虑电磁收缩力、表面张力、等离子流力的影响．利用建立的模型模拟了熔滴的形成、长大及脱离过程，计算了电流对过渡熔滴尺寸及频率的影响，计算结果与实验结果吻合较好．计算了不同阶段的熔滴中的流场，并利用计算的流场分析了熔滴的脱离机制。     

A force model for nose radius worn tools with a chamfered main cutting edge

The three-dimensional cutting forces for nose radius tools with a chamfered main cutting edge incorporated with a tool-worn factor are presented in this paper. The variations in shear plane areas occurring in the tool-worn situation are used. The results obtained from the proposed model shows good agreement with the experimental data on both chip formation as well as cutting forces. In the experimental work the throwaway tips are locked onto the pocket of the tool holder. The holders for special tools are designed first. Next, the tool holders are manufactured by using medium carbon-steel bars and the mounting tips are designed based on various specifications. Finally, the nose radius tips mounting in the tool holder are ground to a wear depth, and the worn tool dimensions are measured by using a profile projector. The shear area and the friction area are calculated accordingly. Then the three-dimensional cutting forces will be obtained from those data.     

Rupture locations of friction stir welded joints of AA2017-T351 and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloys

The tensile rupture locations of friction stir welded joints of AA2017-T351 and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloys were examined. The experiments show that the rupture locations of the joints are different for the two aluminum alloys, which are influenced by the welding parameters. When the joints are free of welding defects, the AA2017-T351 joints are ruptured in the weld nugget adjacent to the thermo-mechanically affected zone on the advancing side and the rupture surfaces appear as oval contours of the weld nugget, while the AA6061-T6 joints are ruptured in the heat affected zone on the retreating side and the rupture surfaces are inclined at a certain degree to the bottom surfaces of the joints. When welding defects are present in the joints, the AA2017-T351 joints are ruptured in the weld center, while the AA6061-T6 joints are ruptured on the retreating side near the weld center. The rupture locations of the joints are dependent on the internal structures of the joints and can be explained through them.     

An ab initio study of Ti-Y-O nanocluster energetics in nanostructured ferritic alloys

So-called oxide dispersion strengthened steels or nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs) contain nanoprecipitates which give them exceptional mechanical properties and resistance to radiation effects. However, the structure and composition of these nanoprecipitates are still uncertain. To help clarify the nature of the smallest nanoprecipitates, density functional theory calculations are used to investigate the most stable Ti, Y, and O nanocluster computational units in Fe. Two distinct methods for searching for stable nanoclusters are proposed: one in which nanoclusters are restricted to the body-centered cubic Fe lattice and one in which the nanocluster structures are strained variants of bulk Ti and Y oxides. We discovered that nanoclusters that are structurally similar to bulk Ti and Y oxides are significantly more stable than nanoclusters that are restricted to the Fe lattice. Consequently, the most stable nanoprecipitates in Ti-Y-O NFAs are more likely to be small oxide phases than coherent solute-enriched clusters.     

“我国古代大型铸铜文物”系列文章之十三：古代大铜锅和大铜缸（待续）

叙述了古代大铜锅和大铜缸的有关情况。在现存的26口古代大铜锅中,重点介绍了其中6口大铜锅的尺寸、铸造年代、功用、特点和存放地。而现存的165口古代大铜缸,都是明、清两代铸造的,绝大多数都存于北京故宫,本文较详细地介绍了其中5口大铜缸的有关情况。     

Characterization of nanostructured TiN coatings fabricated by reactive plasma spraying

The nanostructured TiN coatings are fabricated by means of reactive plasma spraying micrometers titanium powders in the atmosphere, and the microstructure and performance of the coatings are analyzed by XRD, SEM and TEM. The experimental results show that the coatings are mainly composed of TiN and Ti₃O phases, and the coatings have the typical sprayed lamellae structures. In parallel to substrate surface direction, the nanoscale grains with particle diameters ranging from 60 to 120nm are observed in the coatings, and both fine equiaxed and columnar grains are found in some zones of the nanostructured TiN coatings. But in vertical to substrate surface direction, the contrary is the case. Thus it can be concluded that the TiN coatings are composed of the columnar grains, and the columnar grains are nanostructural equiaxed grains in their cross-section. In addition, a large number of deformation twins caused by the stresses concentration are found in TiN coatings. Meanwhile, the nanostructured TiN coatings have a higher bonding strength and better fracture toughness than other observed as-sprayed coatings.     

脉冲MIG焊逆变电源的研究现状

对国内外近20年来脉冲MIG焊逆变电源的研究现状进行了分析，从实现焊接高速高效化、焊接控制数字化、控制系统智能化3方面进行了较为详细的介绍与评价。指出存在的主要问题。就脉冲MIG焊逆变电源的特点、应用范围、改进方向提出建议。进一步展望脉冲MIG焊逆变电源的发展趋势。