变压边力对铝合金板拉深成形性能的影响研究

利用数值模拟软件Dynaform研究了可变压边力对铝合金板拉延性能的影响,包括随时间变化的压边力对圆筒形件成形质量及特征节点应变路径的影响和随位置变化的压边力对盒形件成形质量的影响.研究表明,随时间变化的渐增式和(^)型变压边力(筒形件)以及随位置变化分块布置的压边力(盒形件)可以有效地控制起皱和拉裂的发生.这能提高铝合金板的拉深成形性能,从而获得较好的成形质量.     

变压边力对铝合金板料拉深成形性能的影响

利用数值模拟软件对5A02铝合金板料进行了随时间变化和随压边圈位置变化的变压边力拉深研究,分析了变压边力对拉深成形性能的影响。研究表明,采用先增后减的压边力可以显著提高铝合金板料的成形性能,但压边力达到最大值的时间有一个合理范围。施加分块压边力时,应根据压边圈相对位置材料流入凹模速度和变形程度来确定各部分压边圈的压边力大小。     

变压边力控制与矩形件拉深成形特性的相关性研究

通过采用DYNAFORM软件进行数值模拟试验,确定出在定常压边力曲线控制下矩形件拉深成形压边力变化安全区的取值范围,然后根据该试验结果以及相关资料,选取出12种典型变压边力控制曲线进一步进行数值模拟。变压边力数值模拟试验结果表明,采用变压边力控制矩形件拉深成形过程时,变压边力对矩形件拉深成形特性影响显著。对试验所获得的矩形件最大增厚量和最大减薄量进行数据分析,变压边力对最大减薄量的影响较对最大增厚量的影响更为显著。根据试验结果比较所选取的12种典型变压边力控制曲线可知,改善矩形件拉深成形性能最优的变压边力曲线为曲线L,最差的变压边力曲线为曲线I。最后,分别采用曲线L,曲线I以及定常曲线A进行物理模拟试验,以验证数值模拟的试验结果。物理模拟试验结果表明,其最大减薄量的试验结果与数值模拟所获得的试验结果十分吻合。因此,通过数值模拟可以有效地进行变压边力曲线的预测和控制研究。     

基于应变路径的拼焊板盒形件成形性能研究

利用Dyanform对拼焊板盒形件进行冲压成形数值模拟,研究不同压边力对拼焊板盒形件拉深过程中破裂危险点应变路径和成形性能的影响规律;同时,提出台阶式变压边力控制方法.结果表明:通过调整压边力的大小和变化方式,可以实现对拼焊板盒形件破裂危险点处应变路径的控制以及减小焊缝移动,从而提高拼焊板盒形件的冲压成形性能.     

随行程变化变压边力拼焊板盒形件成形性能研究

焊缝两侧材料变形不均匀引起的焊缝移动和成形性能下降是拼焊板成形过程中需要解决的难题，变压边力技术可以增大成形工艺调整范围、提高冲压件成形质量。本文在拼焊板成形过程中加载随行程线性渐增变化的变压边力，并应用动力显式数值模拟软件模拟差厚拼焊板盒形件的成形过程，研究变压边力控制对拼焊板成形性能的影响。结果表明，在相同的焊缝移动量下，线性渐增变压边力与定常压边力相比增大了引起焊缝移动的薄侧变形区域材料的长度，缓解了薄侧材料的应变集中，提高了拼焊板成形性能。     

基于变压边力的拼焊板方盒件成形失效分析

采用自制液压机和分瓣压边圈模具,通过模拟仿真和实冲试验,研究不同压边力对拉深过程中破裂危险点应变路径的影响规律;通过调整压边力的大小、分布,实现对拼焊板方盒件薄板破裂危险点处应变路径的控制,从而提高拼焊板方盒件冲压成形性能.研究表明,厚/薄侧压边力的大小和分布对破裂危险点的应变路径和成形裕度有很大的影响,合理的压边力分布可调节失效破裂的位置,提高成形极限深度;变压边力条件下的应变路径由拉压应变状态过渡到双向拉伸应变状态,能够显著提高该点的安全裕度;通过多点控制的变压边力有利于调节板料在凹模中的流动,从而更好地控制危险点应变路径.改变危险点的应变路径,调节失效破裂的位置,可有效地提高拼焊板方盒件的冲压成形性能.     

汽车用铝合金板冲压成形的研究及应用

从铝合金的特点出发,综述了铝合金板在汽车工业中的应用现状及成形过程中遇到的难题。介绍了温成形、液压成形和变压边力技术等三种最新的成形工艺,详细论述了变压边力对铝合金成形性能的影响。此外总结了铝合金拉伸性能的某些研究成果。     

铝合金盒形件拉深的变压边力控制

建立了铝合金盒形件拉深成形的有限元分析模型.利用数值模拟软件DYNAFORM,研究了整体压边和分块压边随时间和位置变化的变压边力(VBHF对铝合金盒形件成形性的影响.结果表明,∧形的变压边力控制曲线能够改善铝合金盒型件的成形性；分块压边力随位置和变形程度的变化能控制起皱和拉裂的发生,从而保证铝合金盒形件的成形质量.     

变压边力对圆筒形件拉伸性能的影响研究

通过利用有限元数值模拟的方法，研究了几种典型的变压边力对于铝合金圆筒形件拉伸成形性能的影响，分析了圆筒形件不同位置板料在成形过程中的应变路径，揭示了铝合金圆筒形件的基本成形原理；研究了铝合金材料在几种典型压边力条件下拉伸成形时的区别，并以板料在出现破裂前所达到的最大减薄率为主要判断依据，对圆筒形件在具有几种典型变化规律的压边力的作用下所能达到的最大拉伸深度进行了研究。结果表明，渐增型和∧型压边力有助于改善铝合金圆筒形件的成形性能。     

6016铝合金板材室温成形性及其数值模拟

通过实验和数值模拟方法研究了6016-T4P铝合金板材在室温下的成形性能。通过刚模胀形实验获得了成形极限图(FLD),通过单向拉伸实验建立了6016-T4P铝合金的室温Johnson-Cook材料模型,并利用ABAQUS有限元软件对刚模胀形实验进行了数值模拟。模拟过程中采用最大凸模力准则和应变失稳准则获得了计算的成形极限结果,并讨论了凸模速度、摩擦系数等对成形极限模拟结果的影响。结果表明:当摩擦系数为0.1,凸模速度为1000 mm·s~(-1)时,模拟和实验结果吻合较好。随摩擦系数的增大,平面应变值增大,成形极限曲线(FLC)垂直向上移动,且摩擦系数的变化对FLC的右侧部分影响较显著;随凸模速度增加,FLC略垂直向下移动,平面应变值减小。进而应用合理的成形参数成功预测了6016铝合金汽车B柱零件的冲压成形效果。     

板料成形中的新型可控压边力技术研究

板料成形中,压边力是控制板料流动的重要因素。前人大量的研究表明,在拉伸成形的不同行程施加合适的变压边力(VBHF),可有效避免板料成形中起皱和破裂的缺陷。文章基于压边力成形窗口的定义和分析,提出新的控制目标,并采用PID闭环控制策略来优化不同冲压行程中分块压边圈上的压边力。针对一个具有不同角部半径的盒型件进行了闭环的变压边力优化模拟,得到其不同位置的分块压边圈随行程变化的最优压边力曲线,并在变压边力压机上进行实验验证,结果表明,使用铝合金板料并在恒定压边力下难以成形的盒形件,在最优变压边力下成功成形。     

基于数值模拟的矩形件成形变压边力曲线确定方法

变压边力技术可以根据成形过程不同阶段的变形特点来设置板料成形所需要的压边力,因此可以充分利用板料成形性能,提高零件成形质量。但是得到复杂零件成形过程中变压边力的形式仍是板料成形领域的难题。该文以矩形件为对象,通过数值模拟技术,提出了基于压边圈位移变化确定变压边力的方法。     

7075-T6铝合金板温热成形极限图实验

研究7075-T6铝合金板在温热状态下成形性能,采用电化学腐蚀网格法,利用热力耦合条件下的通用板材成形性能实验机和网格应变自动测量分析系统,获得了7075-T6铝合金板在温热状态下(室温~200℃)的成形极限图(FLD)。实验表明,7075-T6铝合金板的成形极限曲线受温度影响显著,并随温度的升高而上升。基于实验数据,建立了不同温度下7075-T6铝合金板成形极限图的计算模型。     

粘性介质反向压力胀形对5A02铝合金板成形性的影响

粘性介质压力成形(ViscousPressureForming,VPF)是一种适合于难变形材料板金零件制造的软模成形工艺。采用粘性介质胀形实验研究了反向压力对5A02铝合金板料成形性能的影响,结果表明在一定范围内的反向压力有利于抑制板料的平面各向异性,而在更高的反向压力条件下板料具有更好的成形性。     

An investigation of enhanced formability in AA5182-O Al during high-rate free-forming at room-temperature: Quantification of deformation history

The goal of this work is to improve our understanding of formability enhancement in aluminum (Al) sheet alloys that has generally been observed during high-strain-rate forming. In the work presented here, experiments and numerical modeling were used to investigate the room-temperature formability of AA5182-O Al alloy sheet (1 mm thick) at high strain-rates using the electro-hydraulic forming (EHF) technique. A finite element model, using Johnson–Cook constitutive equation, was developed to simulate the high-rate forming behavior of Al under EHF and test samples were designed to obtain different strain paths at the apex of the EHF domes. The deformation history of Al sheets, under free-forming conditions and inside a conical die, was experimentally determined and compared to the model predictions. Experimental data shows that the high-rate formability of AA5182-O Al at minor strains of ∼−0.1 and ∼0.05, relative to its corresponding quasi-static formability, was enhanced locally by ∼2.5× and ∼6.5× under free-forming and when forming inside the conical die, respectively. The in-plane peak engineering strain-rate associated with the enhanced formability during free-forming was measured to be ∼3900/s while the pre-impact strain-rate during conical-die forming was estimated to be ∼4230/s. The strain-path associated with enhanced formability was experimentally determined under a free-forming case and was found to be in good agreement with that predicted by the numerical model. To the authors’ knowledge, these results are the first to experimentally quantify the deformation history associated with enhanced formability that has often been reported in the literature.     

基于韧性断裂准则的铝合金板材成形极限预测

为了准确地预测铝合金板材成形极限，将韧性断裂准则引入到数值模拟中。在数值模拟获得的应力应变值基础上，采用简单拉伸试验和数值模拟相结合的方法确定了韧性断裂准则中的材料常数，并应用该韧性断裂准则预测了铝合金LYl2(M)的圆筒件拉深和半球形凸模胀形的成形极限。预测结果与实验值吻合较好，该韧性断裂准则能够预测铝合金板材成形极限。     

Application of new VBHF optimization strategy to improve formability of automobile panels with aluminum alloy sheet

A VBHF(Variable Blank Holder Force) optimization strategy was employed to determine the optimal time-variable and spatial-variable BHF trajectories,aiming at improving the formability of automobile panels with aluminum alloy sheet.The strategy was implemented based on adaptive simulation to calculate the critical wrinkling BHF for each segmented binder of the Numisheet' 05 deck lid in a single round of simulation.The thickness comparison of the stamped part under optimal VBHF and constant BHF shows that the...     

Mechanism investigation of friction-related effects in single point incremental forming using a developed oblique roller-ball tool

Single point incremental forming (SPIF) is a highly versatile and flexible process for rapid manufacturing of complex sheet metal parts. In the SPIF process, a ball nose tool moves along a predefined tool path to form the sheet to desired shapes. Due to its unique ability in local deformation of sheet metal, the friction condition between the tool and sheet plays a significant role in material deformation. The effects of friction on surface finish, forming load, material deformation and formability are studied using a newly developed oblique roller ball (ORB) tool. Four grades of aluminum sheet including AA1100, AA2024, AA5052 and AA6111 are employed in the experiments. The material deformation under both the ORB tool and conventional rigid tool are studied by drilling a small hole in the sheet. The experimental results suggest that by reducing the friction resistance using the ORB tool, better surface quality, reduced forming load, smaller through-the-thickness-shear and higher formability can be achieved. To obtain a better understanding of the frictional effect, an analytical model is developed based on the analysis of the stress state in the SPIF deformation zone. Using the developed model, an explicit relationship between the stress state and forming parameters is established. The experimental observations are in good agreement with the developed model. The model can also be used to explain two contrary effects of friction and corresponding through-the-thickness-shear: increase of friction would potentially enhance the forming stability and suppress the necking; however, increase of friction would also increase the stress triaxiality and decrease the formability. The final role of the friction effect depends on the significance of each effect in SPIF process.