Cf/SiC复合材料与Ti合金的Ag-Cu-Ti-TiC复合钎焊

以Ag-Cu-Ti-TiC复合钎料为中间层,在适当的工艺参数下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与Ti合金.利用SEM、EDS和XRD分析接头的微观组织结构,利用剪切实验检测接头的力学性能.结果表明:钎焊时,借助液态钎料,复合钎料中的Ti与Cf/SiC复合材料反应,在Cf/SiC复合材料与连接层界面形成Ti-Si-C、Ti-Si和少量TiC化合物的混合反应层;复合钎料中的Cu与Ti合金中的Ti发生互扩散,在连接层与Ti合金界面形成不同成分的Cu-Ti化合物过渡层;钎焊后,形成TiC颗粒强化的致密复合连接层,TiC的加入降低了接头的残余热应力,Cf/SiC/Ag-Cu-Ti-TiC/TC4接头的剪切强度明显高于Cf/SiC/Ag-Cu-Ti/TC4接头的.     

Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金Ag-Cu-Ti活性钎焊

采用Ag-Cu-Ti活性钎料真空钎焊Cf/SiC与钛合金,利用扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射对钎焊接头组织结构进行分析,利用剪切试验检测接头力学性能.结果表明,接头反应产物主要有TiC,Ti3SiC2,Ti5Si3,Ag,TiCu,Ti3Cu4和Ti2Cu.在Cf/SiC复合材料附近形成TiC+ Ti3SiC2/Ti5S...     

C_f/SiC复合材料与钛合金Ag-Cu-Ti-C_f复合钎焊

采用Ag-Cu-Ti-Cf(Cf:碳纤维)复合钎料作中间层,在适当的工艺参数下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金,利用SEM,EDS和XRD分析接头微观组织结构,利用剪切试验检测接头力学性能.结果表明,钎焊时复合钎料中的钛与Cf/SiC复合材料反应,在Cf/SiC复合材料与连接层界面形成Ti3SiC2,Ti5Si3和少量TiC化合物的混合反应层.复合钎料中的铜与钛合金中的钛发生互扩散,在连接层与钛合金界面形成不同成分的Cu-Ti化合物过渡层.钎焊后,形成碳纤维强化的致密复合连接层.碳纤维的加入缓解了接头的残余热应力,Cf/SiC/Ag-Cu-Ti-Cf/TC4接头抗剪强度明显高于Cf/SiC/Ag-Cu-Ti/TC4接头.     

(Ag-Cu-Ti)+(Ti+C)复合钎料钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与TC4钛合金

Ag-Cu-Tj复合钎料中加入Ti粉和石墨碳粉作为中间层,在适当的工艺条件下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与TCA.利用SEM,EDS,XRD分析接头微观组织,利用剪切试验检测接头力学性能.结果表明:钎焊时,复合钎料中的Ti与Cf/SiC复合材料反应,在Cf/SiC复合材料与连接层界面形成由Ti3、SiC2相、Ti5Si3相和少量TiC化合物组成的混合反应层.复合钎料中的Cu与Ti合金中的Ti发生互扩散,在连接层与Ti合金界面形成不同Ti含量的Cu-Ti化合物过渡层.钎焊后,连接层中Ti和石墨碳反应形成的TiC微粒均匀分布在复合连接层中,缓和了接头的热应力.当连接温度为910℃,保温时间为25 min时,可得到接头剪切强度为145 MPa.     

Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金(Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni)+W复合-扩散连接

采用(Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni)+W复合钎料作为连接层,在连接温度930℃,保温时间5min的工艺参数下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金.利用SEM,EDS和XRD分析接头微观组织结构,利用剪切试验测试接头力学性能.结果表明,钎焊时复合钎料中的钛、锆与C/SiC复合材料反应,在Cf/SiC复合材料与连接层界面生成Ti3SiC2,Ti5Si3和少量TiC(ZrC)化合物的混合反应层,连接层的铜、镍与钛合金中的钛发生相互扩散,在连接层与钛合金界面形成Ti-Cu化合物过渡层.对钎焊接头进行900℃,保温60 min扩散处理后,连接层组织达到均一化,母材TC4合金侧过渡层增厚.扩散处理后接头强度为99 MPa,较钎焊接头强度65 MPa提高了52％.     

Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金(Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni)+W复合钎焊分析

在适当的工艺参数下,用(Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni)+W复合钎料真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金,采用SEM,EDS和XRD分析接头组织结构,利用剪切试验检测接头的力学性能.结果表明,钎焊时复合钎料中的钛、锆与Cf/SiC复合材料反应,在Cf/SiC复合材料与连接层界面生成Ti3SiC2,Ti5Si3和少量TiC(ZrC)化合物的混合反应层,在连接层与钛合金界面形成Ti-Cu化合物扩散层.增强相钨粉能有效缓解接头的残余热应力,提高接头力学性能,在连接温度930℃,保温时间20 min的工艺条件下,增强相钨粉含量为15%(体积分数)时,接头抗剪强度最高为166 MPa.     

AgCuTi-Al钎焊C_f/SiC与TC4接头分析

采用AgCuTi-Al混合粉末作为中间层,在适当的工艺参数下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料和钛合金,利用扫描电镜,能谱仪和X射线衍射对接头的微观组织结构进行分析,利用剪切试验测定接头的力学性能.结果表明,在钎焊过程中,钎料中的钛与Cf/SiC复合材料中的基体SiC,碳纤维发生反应,在Cf/SiC复合材料侧形成了TiC,T...     

C/C复合材料与TC4钎焊接头的组织与断裂形式分析

在钎焊时间10 min,钎焊温度820～900℃的条件下,采用AgCu钎料对C/C复合材料和TC4进行了钎焊试验.利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析仪、EDS能谱分析仪对接头的界面组织及断口形貌进行了研究.结果表明,C/C复合材料与TC4连接接头的界面结构为C/C复合材料/TiC C/TiCu/Ag(s.s) Cu(s.s) Ti3Cu4/Ti3Cu4/TiCu/Ti2Cu/Ti2Cu Ti(s.s)/TC4.由压剪试验测得的接头抗剪强度可知,在钎焊温度850 ℃,保温时间10 min的钎焊条件下,接头获得的最高抗剪强度达到38 MPa.接头的断口分析表明,接头的断裂位置与被连接处碳纤维方向和钎焊温度有关.当碳纤维轴平行于连接面时,断裂发生在复合材料中.当碳纤维轴垂直于连接面时,若钎焊温度较低,断裂发生在C/C复合材料/钎料界面处;若钎焊温度较高,断裂主要发生在C/C复合材料/钎料界面和钎料/TC4界面处.     

银基钎料活性钎焊C/SiC-Ti55与Al2O3-Ti55接头界面组织

以Ag-28Cu和Ag-9Pd-9Ga两种银基钎料钎焊C/SiC复合材料和Al2O3陶瓷与Ti55钛合金接头,考察了钎料和钎焊工艺对接头焊缝组织形貌变化影响. 结果表明,采用Ag-28Cu钎料在850～920 ℃温度区间钎焊C/SiC-Ti55和Al2O3-Ti55接头均在陶瓷基体近钎焊界面区域开裂,原因为Ti55合金中Ti元素大量溶解扩散并与铜反应生成的大量脆性Cu-Ti化合物恶化焊缝塑性. Ag-9Pd-9Ga钎料则可以获得完整接头,钎焊过程中Pd,Ga元素在Ti55侧钎焊界面富集并与Ti元素反应生成PdTi, Ti2Ga, Ti4Pd化合物的反应层,有效抑制了元素往焊缝中的溶解扩散.     

Cu-Ti-C反应复合-扩散连接Cf/SiC复合材料和TC4钛合金接头的组织结构

用Cu粉、Ti粉、石墨粉组成的混合粉末连接Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料和TC4钛合金,采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和能谱仪对接头组织结构进行分析.结果表明:在Cu-(15～30)Ti(ω,%)粉末中加入适量石墨粉作钎料,经900～950℃、5～30 min真空钎焊,获得了完整的原位合成TiC增强的复合接头.通过在连接层中原位合成一定体积分数TiC可以明显降低接头热应力.钎料石墨颗粒中的C元素和液相连接层中Ti元素发生相互扩散,形成了残余石墨颗粒周围的TiC反应层和分布在连接层中的TiC颗粒.反应速率主要受C元素由石墨颗粒向液相连接层的扩散速率所控制.     

碳化硅复合材料与碳钢钎焊接头的抗剪强度及微观结构

采用磁控溅射镀膜技术对碳/碳化硅复合材料(C/SiC)表面进行镀Ti金属化，以AgCu₂₈为钎料，无氧铜为中间层与碳钢进行钎焊连接. 研究无氧铜中间层、Ti膜厚度和钎焊温度对接头组织形貌和力学性能的影响. 结果表明，采用无氧铜中间层可有效降低接头的残余应力，提高接头强度，并阻挡C/SiC复合材料中的Si元素在钎焊过程中扩散至碳钢侧，防止了碳钢界面FeSi_x恶性反应层的形成. 在试验范围内，钛膜厚度和钎焊温度与接头抗剪强度之间均存在峰值关系. 860 ℃，3 μm Ti膜接头平均抗剪强度最高，达到25.5 MPa. 由剪切试样碳钢侧断口，可观察到大量平行断口方向的碳纤维和碳纤维脱粘坑. 断裂发生在C/SiC复合材料内部距界面约300 μm处. C/SiC界面反应产物以Ti₅Si₃为主，含少量TiC. 钎缝中有TiCuSi相生成.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB2–SiC ultrahigh temperature ceramic composite joint using TiZrNiCu filler metal

Abstract

ZrB₂–SiC ceramic composite was brazed by using TiZrNiCu active filler metal. The microstructure and interfacial phenomena of the joints were analysed by means of SEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The joining effect was evaluated by shear strength. The results showed that the reaction products of the ZrB₂–SiC ceramic composite joint were TiC, ZrC, Ti₅Si₃, Zr₂Si, Zr(s,s) and (Ti, Zr)₂ (Ni, Cu), and the microstructure was separately ZrB₂–SiC/Zr(s,s)/Ti₅Si₃+Zr₂Si+TiC+ZrC+(Ti,Zr)₂(Ni,Cu)/Zr(s,s)/ZrB₂–SiC. A conceptual interface evolution model was established to explain the interface evolution mechanism. The maximum shear strength of the brazed joints was 143·5 MPa at the brazing temperature T of 920°C and the holding time t of 10 min.     

Joining of Cf/SiC Composite and TC4 Using Ag-Al-Ti Active Brazing Alloy

Carbon fiber reinforced SiC (C_f/SiC) composite was successfully joined to TC4 with Ag-Al-Ti alloy powder by brazing. Microstructures of the brazed joints were investigated by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and x-ray diffraction. The mechanical properties of the brazed joints were measured by mechanical testing machine. The results showed that the brazed joint mainly consists of TiC, Ti₃SiC₂, Ti₅Si₃, Ag, TiAl, and Ti₃Al reaction products. TiC + Ti₃SiC₂/Ti₅Si₃ + TiAl reaction layers are formed near C_f/SiC composite while TiAl/Ti₃Al/Ti + Ti₃Al reaction layers are formed near TC4. The thickness of reaction layers of the brazed joint increases with the increased brazing temperature or holding time. The maximum room temperature and 500 °C shear strengths of the joints brazed at brazing temperature 930 °C for holding time 20 min are 84 and 40 MPa, respectively.     

Microstructure and mechanical performance of brazed joints of Cf/SiC composite and Ti alloy using Ag–Cu–Ti–W

Abstract

C_f/SiC composite was brazed to Ti alloy using interlayer of Ag–Cu–Ti–W mixed powder. The effects of W content and brazing parameters on the microstructure and properties of the brazed joints were investigated. The results show that W grains mainly distribute in Ag phase in the brazing layer and provide the effects of reinforcement and lowering residual thermal stress on the joint. The room temperature and 500°C shear strengths of the joints performed at 500°C for 30 min with Ag–Cu–Ti–50W (vol.-%) are remarkably higher than the optimal strengths of the joints brazed with Ag–Cu–Ti.     

Interfacial Behavior and Its Effect on Mechanical Properties of C<Subscript>f</Subscript>/SiC Composite/TiAl6V4 Joint Brazed with TiZrCuNi

In order to characterize the interfacial behavior of brazed joints and offer theoretical basis for the applications of TiZrCuNi-based composite fillers, C_f/SiC composite and TC4 were brazed by TiZrCuNi filler, and the microstructures of joints versus temperature and versus holding time were systematically studied in this paper. The mechanical properties of brazed joints were measured and analyzed. The results showed that Ti(Zr)C, Ti₅Si₃, Ti₂Cu, TiNi, TiZrCu₂, Ti₂(Cu,Ni) and Ti(s,s) were the predominant compounds in the joints. Brazing temperature had a distinct effect on the microstructures of joints: with the increase of brazing temperature, the structure of brazed joints was reduced from four parts to three parts, and the wavy reaction layer became continuous and much thicker. While holding time had a similar but weaker effect on microstructures: with the extension of holding time, the reaction layer became thicker, but it was difficult to induce the decrease in the structural parts of joint. The thickness of reaction layer determined the mechanical properties of joints. The results were beneficial for the selection of reinforced phases and the design of composite fillers to obtain better mechanical performances. When the brazing temperature was 940 °C and the holding time was 25 min, the maximum shear strength of brazed joints attained a value of 143.2 MPa.     

Cf/SiC复合材料与304不锈钢钎焊接头组织与性能

采用Ti-Zr-Be活性钎料作为连接层,在一定工艺参数下真空钎焊C_f/SiC复合材料和304不锈钢.利用SEM,EDS,XRD和俄歇谱仪分析接头微观组织结构,利用剪切试验检测接头力学性能,分析了工艺参数对接头抗剪强度的影响.结果表明,在复合材料附近形成ZrC+TiC+Be₂C/Ti-Si反应层,连接层中主要包含FeZr₂,锆基固溶体,BeTi,Ti-Zr固溶体等反应产物,304不锈钢附近形成FeTi/αFe反应层.在连接温度为950℃,连接时间为60min时,接头室温抗剪强度最高为109.3 MPa,断裂位置为C_f/SiC复合材料与中间层连接界面靠近复合材料端.     

CNTs对TC4与C/C复合材料钎焊接头组织及力学性能的影响

试验采用加入了碳纳米管(carbon nanotubes，CNTs)的AgCu4.5Ti + xCNTs (x为质量分数，%)复合钎料(简称AgCuTi_C复合钎料)，实现了TC4钛合金与C/C复合材料的真空钎焊连接. 通过SEM，EDS等分析手段确定了在CNTs含量为0.2%、钎焊温度为880 ℃、保温时间为20 min时接头的典型界面组织为TC4/扩散层/Ti₂Cu/TiCu/Ti₃Cu₄/TiCu₄/TiC + TiCu₂ + Ag(s.s) + Cu(s.s)/Ti₃Cu₄/TiCu₄/TiC/C/C复合材料；研究了CNTs含量对接头组织与性能的影响. 结果表明，随着CNTs含量的增加，钎缝宽度变化呈下降趋势，界面组织细化，界面中的Ti₃Cu₄与TiCu₄脆性化合物的含量降低、TiC与TiCu₂化合物的含量增加；接头的抗剪强度呈先上升后下降的趋势变化；当CNTs含量为0.4%时抗剪强度最高，达到44 MPa；CNTs的加入可使界面组织得到细化，有利于缓解钎缝中心区域与两侧母材之间存在的由于热膨胀系数不匹配而形成的较大残余应力，有效地提高了接头的抗剪强度.     

SiC陶瓷真空钎焊接头界面结构及机理分析

采用Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu钎料对SiC陶瓷进行了真空钎焊,研究了SiC陶瓷真空钎焊接头的界面显微组织和界面形成机理.试验中采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对接头组织进行了观察,并进行了局部能谱分析.结果表明,接头界面产物主要有TiC,Ti₅Si₃,Zr₂Si,Zr(s,s),Ti(s,s)+Ti₂(Cu,Ni)和(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)等.接头的界面结构可以表示为:SiC/TiC/Ti₅Si₃+Zr₂Si/Zr(s,s)/Ti(s,s)+Ti₂(Cu,Ni)/(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu).钎焊过程分为五个阶段:钎料与母材的物理接触;钎料熔化和陶瓷侧反应层开始形成;钎料液相向母材扩散、陶瓷侧反应层厚度增加,钎缝中液相成分均匀化;陶瓷侧反应层终止及过共晶组织形成;钎缝中心金属间化合物凝固.在钎焊温度960℃,保温时间10 min时,接头抗剪强度可达110 MPa.