First Phase Selection in Solid Ti/Al Diffusion Couple

用热压法制备Ti/Al扩散偶,并在525,550,575,600℃进行热处理。结果表明:当Al未完全消耗时,TiAl3是Ti/Al界面处唯一的产物,TiAl3向Al箔一侧长大,Ti箔中没有检测到Al原子的存在。从固溶体的溶解度极限,Al、Ti和TiAl3的晶格失配度,以及新相形成所增加的界面能3个方面解释TiAl3的首先生成。Ti在Al中的溶解度极限很小,Al(Ti)固溶体很容易生成,以及Al、Ti和TiAl3的密排面错配度很小,促使TiAl3优先形核。在所有Ti-Al化合物中,形成TiAl3所增加的界面能最少,有利于TiAl3优先形核长大。由于动力学的不稳定性,其他Ti-Al化合物的生成与长大受到抑制。     

Ti/Al固相扩散反应行为表征及动力学研究

本研究在Ti和Al均过量时,表征了Ti/Al在520℃~630℃范围内不同时间下的固相扩散反应行为。结果发现,当试样退火46小时后,Ti/Al界面的反应产物为单一相TiAl3,而且TiAl3/Al界面上的TiAl3生长速度比Ti/TiAl3界面上的TiAl3生长速度快。此外,本研究建立了TiAl3生长动力学模型,Ti/Al扩散反应激活能为170.1 kJ/mol,动力学指数为n=0.5,TiAl3生长随时间呈抛物线规律增长,利用Ti/Al复合粉末体作为试验材料,证明了所建立的TiAl3生长动力学方程的正确性。     

Al/Ti液/固界面扩散溶解层形成机制及生长规律

采用镶嵌式扩散偶技术制备Al/Ti扩散偶,在Al熔点以上Ti熔点以下进行扩散热处理,研究Al/Ti液/固界面扩散溶解层的组织结构演变、形成机制及生长规律。实验结果表明,热处理后的扩散溶解层为TiAl3颗粒 和含少量Ti的铝基固溶体的混合组织;TiAl3相是热处理过程中最先出现也是唯一出现的新生相;扩散溶解层的生长机制和生长方向随热处理时间的延长发生了改变,在热处理开始后一段时间,扩散溶解层的生长受化学反应速度控制,与保温时间呈线性关系,之后,转变为受扩散控制,与保温时间呈抛物线关系,扩散溶解层的生长方向也由Ti基侧转变为Al基侧;扩散溶解层的厚度与热处理温度呈指数关系。     

Al-Ti 液固界面的组织结构演变

采用镶嵌式扩散偶技术制备 Al-Ti 扩散偶,在 Al 熔点以上,Ti 熔点以下进行扩散热处理,研究 Al-Ti液-固界面扩散反应层的组织结构演变及生长机制。实验结果表明,热处理后的扩散反应层为TiAl3颗粒和铝的混合组织,以TiAl3和液相铝的平衡化学位共存区逐层生长,生长界面朝铝基一侧移动;TiAl3相是热处理过程中最先出现也是唯一出现的新生相;钛相变前后,扩散反应层的生长机制发生了改变。相变前,由钛向液相铝中的溶解速度控制;相变后,转变为Al、Ti原子的化学反应速度控制,生长速度大幅度加快。     

燃烧合成TiAl3化学反应动力学研究

用Friedman法研究了非等温DSC条件下燃烧合成反应Ti 3Al→TiAl3的复杂反应动力学，该合成反应并非单步合成反应，而是有中间相TiAl出现的多步反应，它包含三个子过程，其激活能分别为109，175和89KJ/mol，控制反应速度的这三个过程分别对应反应初期的Ti(固）和Al(液）间的直接反应，吕期的Ti-Al扩散偶中Al通过TiAl3层的扩散以及反应后期的TiAl-Al扩散偶中Al通过TiAl3层的扩散。     

SiC／TiAl界面固相反应研究

使用扫描电子显微镜、电子能谱仪、X射线衍射仪对经950～1100℃热处理的SiC/TiAl平面界面偶界面固相反应层的成分分布、微结构及相组成等进行了分析研究,讨论了SiC/TiAl界面固相反应机制,并对热处理过程中反应层成长的动力学过程进行了探讨,获得相应的动力学方程.结果表明,SiC/TiAl界面固相反应层主要由TiC、Ti5Si3Cx及Ti(Al,Si)2构成.其中,TiC和Ti5Si3Cx主要富集于邻近SiC的反应区,而Ti(Al,Si)2富集于邻近TiAl侧的反应区.SiC/TiAl界面固相反应的发生归因于TiC和Ti5Si3Cx数值大的负吉布斯自由能变化.SiC/TiAl界面固相反应层遵循抛物线生长规律,为扩散控制的反应过程,反应速率常数为:K=8.47×10-3exp(-322×103/RT)(m2/s).     

TiAl/Ti/V/Cu/40Cr钢扩散连接界面组织结构对接头强度的影响

研究了TiAl/Ti/V/Cu/40Cr钢的扩散连接，结果显示：在TiAl/Ti界面处形成了对接头强度有利的Ti3Al TiAl双相层及Ti固溶体层，而Ti/V/Cu/40Cr界面处未出现金属间化合物及其它脆性相，接头最高拉伸强度可达420MPa，接近TiAl母材。     

箔-纤维-箔法制备Mof/TiAl复合材料的显微组织与性能

利用箔-纤维-箔法和热压烧结成功制备出Mo_f/Ti48Al复合材料,并分析了Mo纤维对TiAl合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,通过635 ℃,3 MPa,10 h+680 ℃,3 MPa,4 h的两步低温热压,箔材中的Al完全反应完,TiAl箔叠层材料形成致密的Ti/TiAl₃板材,合金致密基本无孔洞。再通过1200 ℃,36 h的高温退火,Ti与TiAl₃在高温下继续反应,形成γ-TiAl、α-Ti₃Al相。高温退火后的钼纤维与基体合金发生了扩散反应,形成了扩散区域,此区域内主要相组成为TiMo、AlMo₃,钼纤维与基体合金通过扩散紧密结合在一起,界面未发现孔洞和因应力形成的裂纹。相比于未添加钼纤维的合金,添加10vol%钼纤维的复合材料抗弯性能有明显的提高,钼纤维在合金中起到了强韧化作用。     

Ti／Al扩散焊的接头组织结构及其形成规律

以TA2和L4为焊接材料进行扩散焊，结合剪切断口形貌，XRD分析，SEM分析和接头强度测试，研究了Ti／Al扩散焊的接头形成规律。结果表明，接头形成过程包括互扩散形成冶金结合、冶金结合区生成新相、新相颗粒长大连接成片层、新相片层按照抛物线规律生长4个阶段。TiAl3是扩散反应的初生相，且在较长时间内是唯一生成相。它的生成具有一定延迟时间tD，tD受温度影响很大。接头强度取决于扩散区中冶金结合的程度及界面结构，在TiAl3新相连接成片层之后，接头强度达到甚至超过L4型Al母材。接头剪切断裂发生在界面扩散区的Al侧或Al母材内部。     

箔冶金法制备γ-TiAl基波纹板(英文)

用热压逐层叠置的Ti/Al箔的方法制备具有全片层结构的γ-TiAl波纹板。热处理工艺为640°C,15h+850°C,35h+1350°C,2h。用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析热处理过程中产生的金属间化合物相。在Al箔完全消耗之前,Ti/Al界面仅有TiAl3相生成。在850°C热压35h后,基体由α-Ti,α2-Ti3Al,γ-TiAl和TiAl2相组成。冷却得到全片层结构,大部分片层与板面的夹角小于30°。采用较薄的原料箔可以获得相对细小的微观组织。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.