7075Al合金液相线半连续铸造组织及形成机理

研究了液相线半连续铸造法制备7075Al合金半固态浆料的组织，合金熔体在常规铸造温度（720℃）下浇注获得的锭坯边部是粗大的枝晶，中间部位组织极不均匀；在接近液相线温度（642℃）保温30min后的铸造组织较好，中心部位和边部组织的差异较小，在液相线温度附近（638℃）保温后进行半连续铸造获得的锭坯中心和边部组织均是均匀、细小的近球形组织。一次冷却强度的降低、二次冷却强度的增大和铸造速度的减小有利于均匀、细小的近球形组织的形成，熔体中大量内生形核和固-液界面成分过冷的降低有利于上述组织的形成，结果表明，液相线半连续铸造是一种有效的半固态浆料的制备方法。     

ZL201铝合金近液相线半连续铸造组织研究

采用近液相线半连续铸造的方法制备了ZL201铝合金半固态锭坯。结果表明,合金熔体在略高于液相线温度(655℃)保温10min后浇注,可以获得适合半固态加工的均匀、细小的近球形组织,铸锭中心和边部组织差异小;相同冷却条件下,静置保温和较低铸造速度有利于均匀、细小的近球形组织的形成;对近液相线铸造组织的演变机理进行了初步探讨。本研究对加深近液相线铸造理论的深入研究、拓宽其适用范围有重要意义。     

工艺条件对6061铝合金近液相线铸造微观组织的影响

采用近液相线半连续铸造技术,制备了120 mm×1 600 mm的6061铝合金半固态坯料,考察了铸造温度、铸造速度和冷却强度对铸锭组织的影响.结果表明,合金熔体在常规铸造温度(720 ℃)下获得的铸锭组织是粗大的枝晶,且组织极不均匀;在近液相线温度(657 ℃)下保温后铸造的铸锭组织均匀、细小、近球形.一次冷却强度的降低、二次冷却强度的增大均有利于均匀、细小的近球形组织的形成;铸造速度达到150 mm/min时可以获得细小、均匀、近球形的6061半固态坯料组织.     

低过热度浇注ZL101铝合金半固态组织研究

采用低过热度浇注技术制备半固态ZL101铝合金,研究了冷却强度、保温时间、浇注温度对铸造显微组织的影响。研究结果表明,在液相线附近,冷却强度大,晶粒细小;随着保温时间的延长,晶粒变大,形状变得圆整,结晶组织均匀;浇注温度越高,晶粒越粗大;铸锭中心部位组织比边缘部位组织粗大,且均匀,球化明显。低过热度浇注可以获得理想的ZL101铝合金半固态浆料。半固态坯料重熔加热温度为585℃,保温30min,α-Al相逐渐变成球状,此时,晶粒平均等级圆直径为42.6μm,晶粒平均圆度为2.13。     

气滑铸造工艺参数对2024铝合金微观组织的影响

采用气滑铸造技术,按照不同的铸造工艺参数半连续铸造制备直径为135mm的2024铝合金锭坯,研究了浇注温度、浇注速度、气压对铸锭凝壳厚度和微观组织的影响。结果表明,在浇注温度为710℃、浇注速度为175mm/min、气压为0.6MPa、冷却水压为580kPa的条件下,制备出组织比较均匀细小、凝壳比较薄、表面比较光滑的铸锭。     

铸造速度对ZL116合金半固态坯料组织的影响

采用近液相线半连续铸造技术制备ZL116合金半固态坯料,研究了铸造速度对半固态坯料微观组织形成的影响,研究表明,ZL116合金采用近液相线半连续铸造工艺,当铸造速度为150~200mm/min时,可获得分布均匀、细小的蔷薇状半固态坯料组织。     

液相线半连续铸造7075Al合金二次加热与触变成形

研究了液相线半连续铸造的7075Al合金半固态浆料在不同温度下的液固相比、二次加热组织、触变成形性,以及热处理前后成形件的力学性能。结果表明,7075Al合金触变成形液相比为30%-50%时对应的温度区间为600-620℃,二次加热可以将液相线半连续铸造7075Al合金锭坯中的蔷薇状和近球状组织转化为球形晶粒组织,适合于半固态加工,组织最佳的条件是加热温度580℃左右,保温时间15-30min,及加热温度600℃左右,保温时间5-15min.加热到600℃,保温15min后7075合金流动性成形性非常好,闭模锻造完全可以半固态成形,未经热处理的7075Al合金成形件强度极限达357.9MPa,T6热处理后强度极限达468MPa。     

近液相线半连续铸造A356铝合金显微组织

采用近液相线半连续铸造法制备铸造A356铝合金，获得金属半固态加工要求的细小，等轴的“非枝晶”组织，研究了铸造温度、保温时间及冷却速度对该组织的影响规律。结果表明，在液相线附近，降低铸造温度，有利于减小晶粒尺寸；晶粒平均等积圆直径最小可达42．6μm，初始固相体积分数最多可达98．4％，同一温度下，晶粒尺寸随保温时间的延长而粗化；冷却速度快，晶粒尺寸细小；同一铸锭，其中心部位的组织比边缘部位的组织粗大，且分布均匀、等轴特征明显。     

近液相线半连续铸造过程中A390合金初生硅的形成机理

采用近液相线半连续铸造技术制备A390合金坯料,对铸锭显微组织进行金相观察,采用图像分析软件Image-ProPlus计算晶粒尺寸,研究浇注温度从高于液相线(650℃)100℃至10℃范围内变化对A390合金初生硅尺寸形貌的影响。结果表明:近液相线半连续铸造时,较低的浇注温度以及较均匀的温度场有利于均匀形核,同时减小熔体中Si的浓度梯度,从而消除Si原子聚集成团的条件,抑制初生硅的生长;因此,仅控制近液相线半连续铸造的工艺参数即可改善A390合金半固态坯料中初生硅尺寸形貌,这是制备过共晶铝硅合金半固态坯料的简单、可行、高效和低成本的方法。     

A390合金近液相线法处理中初生硅形态的演变

采用A390合金为试验原料,通过改变、控制浇注温度、保温时间和冷却速度,研究了在近液相线区不同温度（620°～695°）、不同保温时间（10min-70min）下获得半固态合金坯料组织的演变规律及变化机理。结果表明：在635°～650°,保温40min～55min,能够得到细小、均匀、圆整的颗粒状初生硅组织。因此,仅通过控制近液相线法铸造的工艺参数便可改善A390合金半固态坯料中初生硅的尺寸和形貌,这是获得半固态坯料的一种简单、高效和低成本的方法。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis