RRA处理对7085铝合金微观组织演变及性能的影响

通过对微观组织的TEM精细表征、断口的SEM观察、力学性能和导电率的测试等,研究了回归再时效处理(RRA)对7085铝合金微观组织演变及性能的影响。结果表明:回归温度越高,RRA处理后达到峰值硬度的时间越短,导电率增加速率越快;120℃×24 h预时效+200℃×8 min回归处理+120℃×24 h再时效为最佳的RRA工艺,抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别达到735 MPa、698 MPa和8. 5%,导电率达到44. 5%IACS;回归处理后的谷值硬度,与RRA处理后试样的峰值硬度达到时间一致; RRA处理后晶内主要为与基体呈共格关系的GP区和η'粒子,晶界附近存在宽度在70～80 nm的PFZ区。     

热处理对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr合金微观组织与性能的影响

通过硬度、拉伸性能和导电率测试,金相显微镜和透射电镜观察,研究了热处理工艺对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc-Zr合金组织性能的影响。结果表明:最佳固溶工艺为:470℃×120min;峰值时效工艺为:120℃×24h;综合性能最佳的热处理工艺为:120℃×24h+170℃×1h+120℃×24h的回归再时效处理(RRA)。经RRA处理,其抗拉强度为595.8MPa,屈服强度为572.0MPa,伸长率为8.3%,导电率为38.45%IACS。合金具有明显的时效硬化特性,其强化的主要机制是沉淀强化、细晶强化和亚结构强化,合金的主要强化相为GP区、η′和Al3(Sc,Zr)。     

锌镁比对7085铝合金时效组织演变的影响

通过硬度和电导率测试,结合金相显微分析、透射电镜微观组织观察和DSC分析,研究了Zn/Mg比对7085铝合金120℃单级时效的影响.结果表明,120℃时效时,不同Zn/Mg比值的7085铝合金分别在4h和26 h到达GP区和(n)相强化的2个峰值,但Zn/Mg=7.27的合金两个时效峰值时间较Zn/Mg=5.84的合金略微提前.微观组织观察表明,时效4h后Zn/Mg=7.27的合金晶内已经有较多粗大的沉淀相(5～10 nm)析出,衍射斑点显示这些较大沉淀相为 η’相,而在Zn/Mg=5.84的合金内则较少发现.细小的GP区的减少以及较大 η’相的析出,降低了第二相粒子对合金的强化效果.DSC结果也表明,Zn/Mg=7.27的合金的GP区和η′相的析出温度都较Zn/Mg=5.84稍微降低.     

回归再时效对7150铝合金力学和腐蚀性能的影响

回归工艺对回归再时效(RRA)的7150铝合金性能有着重要的影响,通过调整回归温度和回归时间对合金进行了RRA处理,并进行了硬度、导电率、力学性能和晶间腐蚀性能的测试与分析。结果表明,回归阶段硬度变化曲线都是先降低至谷值,然后增长至峰值,之后又单调降低。较低的回归温度(170℃)导致合金的硬度变化趋势缓慢。170℃回归290 min后合金的抗拉强度为550 N/mm2,再时效后RRA态合金的抗拉强度高达604 N/mm2,屈服强度高达558 N/mm2,在保证合金强度略优于T6时效态前提下,屈服强度提升了6. 28%,晶间腐蚀的最大腐蚀坑深度为52. 8μm。     

回归温度对7150铝合金组织和性能的影响

合理的回归再时效处理(RRA)能改善A1-Zn-Mg-Cu合金抗晶间腐蚀能力,提高合金的综合性能。本文通过显微硬度和电导率测试、室温拉伸与晶间腐蚀等方法,分别研究了175、185、195℃回归及120℃×24 h再时效处理的7150铝合金微观组织和性能。结果表明,随回归时间和温度变化,RRA态7150铝合金硬度有峰值,在175、185和195℃回归的RRA态7150合金硬度分别经50、30和27 min回归时间达硬度峰值203 HV、198 HV、197 HV;电导率随回归温度升高、时间延长而持续增大;回归再时效7150铝合金按抗晶间腐蚀能力强弱195℃×1 h 185℃×1 h 175℃×1 h,按强度高低175℃×1 h 185℃×1 h 195℃×1 h。综合比较,120℃×24 h+185℃×1 h+120℃×24 h处理的7150铝合金综合性能好,是最佳的回归再时效处理工艺。     

回归再时效对7050铝合金强度和断裂韧性的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、常温拉伸及断裂韧性实验研究回归温度及回归时间对7050铝合金力学性能和断裂韧性的影响。结果表明:回归过程中,一部分GP区回溶进入基体,另一部分长大转变为η′相,同时η′相转变为η相,η相则不断粗化。随着回归时间的延长,合金的强度先下降至一谷值然后上升至一峰值再单调下降;再时效态合金强度先增大后减小,再时效态合金强度大于对应回归态合金强度。在190℃回归时,回归及再时效7050合金(RRA)的断裂韧性均随回归时间的延长而不断增大;然而,在170和150℃回归时,回归及再时效7050合金的断裂韧性先增大至一峰值然后下降至一谷值再增大。回归态合金的断裂韧性大于对应再时效态合金的断裂韧性。随着回归时间的延长,合金的断裂模式由沿晶断裂向穿晶韧窝断裂过渡。     

时效制度对LC52铝合金组织与性能的影响

研究了在单级时效、双级时效、回归再时效 (RRA)处理条件下 ,LC5 2铝合金的微观组织、室温力学性能、抗剥落腐蚀性能和应力腐蚀开裂敏感性。结果表明 ,LC5 2铝合金经 12 0℃× 2 4h +2 5 0℃× 2min(油浴 ) +12 0℃×30h回归再时效处理后 ,具有良好的综合性能     

热处理对Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.12Sc-0.15Zr合金组织与性能的影响

通过差热分析和X射线衍射分析及硬度、拉伸性能和电导率测试,研究了热处理工艺对A l-9.0Zn-2.5M g-1.2Cu-0.12Sc-0.15Zr合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明:合金的峰值时效工艺为:120℃×22 h;综合性能最佳的热处理工艺为:120℃×22 h+180℃×30 m in+120℃×22 h的回归再时效处理(RRA)。经RRA处理,合金的σb为733.4 MPa,δ为5.4%,电导率为37.6%IACS。     

二元Al-Li合金的沉淀反应SCIEI

本文通过对两种成分的二元Al-Li合金的硬度测量,DSC分析和TEM观察,研究了其沉淀过程。实验结果表明,在恒定时间时效,合金硬度与温度的关系曲线上在低温范围内有一峰值出现;在DSC曲线低温处有明显的回溶吸热峰,因此该合金低温时效有预沉淀(富Li GP区)形成。在较高温度时效,GP区不复存在;随着δ′相颗粒长大,合金硬度很快增加;DSC曲线上有两个δ′相回溶峰,它意味着δ′析出需有两次结构调整。平衡δ相借助晶界直接从过饱和固溶体中形核长大,其热稳定性较好。     

RRA过程中预时效时间对7A85铝合金组织性能的影响

系统研究了RRA处理过程预时效时间对7A85铝合金微观组织演变和性能的影响。利用Jmat-Pro软件计算了相变规律和TTT图,测试了硬度和拉伸性能指标,利用TEM表征了微观组织。结果表明,热力学平衡状态下,410 ℃开始析出MgZn₂相,体积分数达到9.5%左右;等温过程最先析出GP区,析出温度为室温~175 ℃,鼻尖温度在150 ℃左右;随着预时效时间的延长,硬度先升高后降低,20 h时达到峰值硬度192 HV;RRA处理过程,预时效时间为12 h时,屈服强度和抗拉强度达到峰值,分别为625 MPa和675 MPa;120 ℃保温20 h峰值时效状态下,η′-MgZn析出相尺寸在5~10 nm;预时效时间为12 h时,RRA处理后晶界处的Al-Zn-Mg-Cu四元相粒子呈不连续分布,尺寸在50~125 nm范围。     

Retrogression and re-aging treatment of Al-9.99%Zn-1.72%Cu-2.5%Mg-0.13%Zr aluminum alloy

1 Introduction The 7000 series aluminum alloys have been widely used as aircraft structure material because of their high strength/density ratio. This series of alloys provide high strength in the T6 condition but are prone to stress corrosion cracking(SC…     

Microstructure investigation of a new type super high strength aluminum alloy at different heat-treated conditions

As a structural material with low density and high strength, super-high strength aluminum alloys have a future for wide application. However, its poor stress corrosion resistance (SCC) restricts further development. In present, retrogression and re-ageing (RRA) treatment, which can improve both strength and SCCR of 7XXX series alloy, is a best method to solve this problem. The effect of RRA treatment on the microstructure evolution of a new type low frequency electric-magnetic casting Al-9.0Zn-2.45Mg-2.2Cu-0.15Zr alloy was investigated using DSC and TEM technologies. The results show that the typical microstructure of the alloy at T6 condition is characterized by both fine η‘ and GP zone homogeneously distributed in the matrix and continuous η‘ particles occurred on the grain-boundary. After RRA treatment, the matrix precipitations are mainly fine and dispersed η‘ and η‘ phases, being coarser and more stable than that from T6 temper. While, the grain-boundary microstructure is very close to that resulting from T73 temper. High retrogression texture and long retrogression time leads to a more stable microstructare after re-ageing.     

新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金型材回归再时效处理的组织与性能

采用拉伸、硬度、电导率测试和透射电镜分析等方法研究了不同回归处理工艺对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金型材组织与性能的影响。结果表明,采用120℃×24 h+180℃×45 min+120℃×24 h回归再时效处理后,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率和电导率分别为613.5 MPa、599 MPa、11.1%和39.2%IASC。与T6态相比,合金在抗拉强度和伸长率相当的情况下,屈服强度和电导率显著提高,合金的抗应力腐蚀性能明显改善。合金晶内为细小的η’相和η相,晶界沉淀相断续分布,伴有较窄的晶界无析出带。     

回归再时效处理对喷射成形7055铝合金挤压厚板组织与性能的影响

采用力学性能测试、抗剥落腐蚀性能测试、透射电镜(TEM)观察等方法,研究了回归再时效(RRA)处理对喷射成形7055铝合金挤压厚板微观组织与性能的影响。结果表明:厚板采用到温装炉的方式进行回归加热时,试样升温过程仍较长,提高回归加热温度有利于缩短试样在低温阶段的停留时间。试样经120 ℃×14 h预时效+(185 ℃×130 min、190 ℃×118 min)回归+120 ℃×24 h再时效两种RRA工艺处理后纵向屈服强度分别为649.3 MPa和652.6 MPa,高于T76试样的621.5 MPa;而抗剥落腐蚀性能与T76试样接近,达到EB级。试样经RRA处理后基体沉淀析出相主要为η′相+少量GP区,其尺寸为3~10 nm,晶界析出的η相呈断续分布。提高厚板试样在回归低温阶段的加热速率有利于提高试样再时效后的强度,而提高试样回归温度有利于提高RRA试样的抗剥落腐蚀性能。     

Effect of Retrogression Heat Treatment Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA7010

The effect of retrogression time during retrogression and re-aging (RRA) treatment of AA7010 is evaluated by performing tensile tests and characterizing the microchemistry of the grain boundary precipitates (GBPs) using transmission electron microscope coupled with the energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Retrogression time is evaluated so that the ultimate tensile strength of the RRA-treated sample is equal to that of the T6-treated sample and the grain boundary microstructure similar to that of the over-aged (T7451) condition. The investigation reveals that the sample retrogressed at 200 °C for 20 min has UTS of 586 MPa which is equivalent to that of the T6 sample and 11.5% higher than that of the T7451 condition. The fracture toughness of the RRA-treated sample was 41 MPa√m. Microstructure of the RRA-treated sample is similar to T7451, along the grain boundaries and in the grain interior similar to that of the T6-treated sample. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the increment of Cu content on the GBP’s with increase in the retrogression time, which is expected to improve the stress corrosion cracking resistance of the alloy.     

淬火析出对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金时效行为的影响(英文)

采用硬度测试、光学显微镜(OM)、透射电镜(TEM)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究淬火和时效(T6、T7、RRA)对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金微观组织的影响。研究发现水淬合金经T6时效后的硬度最高。T7和RRA时效后样品的淬火敏感性相当,较T6时效的高1.2%。TEM观察表明,合金的淬火敏感性主要是由缓慢冷却时非均匀析出引起的。大量η相在再结晶晶粒内的Al3Zr弥散粒子和(亚)晶界上形核,而S和T相在有高密度位错和缺陷的亚结构区生成。时效后,平衡η相周围的η'相更加粗大。经T6、T7、RRA处理后,这些析出相的尺寸和形貌呈现出不同的特征。DSC结果与TEM观察结果一致。T6态的DSC曲线和T7、RRA态的不同,反映了不同的微观组织。     

Effects of retrogression and reaging heat treatment on the microstructure,exfoliation corrosion,electrical conductivity,and mechanical properties of AA7050

The effects of different retrogression times and temperatures on the microstructure, electrical conductivity, exfoliation corrosion (EXCO), and hardness of the 7050 aluminium alloy were compared with the T6 and T7451 condition. The EXCO solution was prepared in accordance with ASTM G34‐01 standard and the samples were kept in the solution for 48 hr. Corrosion depths were examined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) in the cross‐sections microstructure of the samples. The effect of EXCO on the material was investigated using stereo optical microscope images. In microstructure investigations, SEM and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analyses were used to determine the distribution and chemistry of the precipitates at the grain boundaries. The results show that retrogression and reaging (RRA) times and temperatures have significant effects on AA7050 EXCO. Especially after 200°C/30 min RRA process, it has been found that 7050 aluminium alloy has higher mechanical strength than T6 level and high corrosion resistance from T7451 level. According to the results of this study, it has been shown that there is a direct connection between electrical conductivity and EXCO.     

一种新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu高强铝合金的析出行为及性能(英文)

对一种新型高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金在单级时效过程中的硬度、强度、电导率变化及相应的析出行为进行系统的研究。结果表明,电导率随着时效温度的升高和时效时间的延长而不断增高。在时效开始阶段,硬度和强度随着时效的进行迅速升高并达到峰值。在120°C时效时,硬度和强度到达峰值后保持稳定,主要的析出相是GPI区、GPII区和η′相。在120°C长时间(直至24h)时效后,GPI区和GPII区仍能稳定存在。在160°C时效时,硬度和强度到达峰值后迅速下降。与120°C时效相比,在160°C时效时,析出过程更快。在160°C时效1h后,未观察到GPI区及GPII区的存在,主要的析出相为η′相。在160°C时效24h后,主要的析出相为η相。     

Microstructural evolution of aluminum alloy 7B04 thick plate by various thermal treatments

The microstructure of an AA 7B04 alloy in the form of plate was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and TEM analysis technologies. Tensile properties and electrical conductivity of AA 7B04 under various heat treatment conditions were also presented. The results reveal that peak-aged microstructure contains GP zones and η＇ precipitates predominantly. After retrogressing and reaging（RRA）, the η＇ and η precipitates disperse in the alloy matrix, and the η precipitates distribute coarsely and sparsely, decorating the grain boundaries, together with precipitate free zones（PFZs） around them. It is also shown that selecting of suitable heat treatments can provide optimal precipitates in matrix and at grain boundaries, which gives rise to a combination of high strength and stress corrosion cracking（SCC） resistance in such materials.