汽车驱动桥壳液压胀形数值模拟及试验研究

利用ABAQUS软件建立桥壳液压胀形工艺的有限元模型,对汽车桥壳的预胀形和终胀形过程进行了数值模拟,并分析了不同的加载路径对桥壳成形的影响规律。模拟结果表明:预胀形阶段,胀形压力保持30 MPa不变,管坯发生轻度失稳形成三鼓形样件,合模后胀形压力增大至60 MPa,内凹部分贴模得到较好壁厚分布的预胀形管坯;终胀形初期,胀形压力保持20 MPa不变,轴向进给量达到30 mm后快速增大至120 MPa,可以成形出合格的样件。采用Q345B无缝钢管进行物理实验,获得了符合尺寸要求的桥壳样件,验证了数值模拟的可靠性。     

半滑动式液压胀形汽车桥壳的模具设计及成形

提出了半滑动式液压胀形模具的设计原则,并针对某小型汽车桥壳设计了终胀形模具和两种结构方案的预胀形模具;使用ANSYS软件数值模拟桥壳的液压胀形成形过程,重点分析模具型腔对成形的影响,比较了两种预胀形模具对成形管坯的壁厚变化及成形性的影响;在普通液压机上试制出汽车桥壳样件。     

基于Dynaform的消音管液压胀形数值模拟

对管件的液压胀形工艺进行了研究,在此基础上以消音管为例进行了液压胀形数值模拟。基于Dynaform仿真软件,分析了消音管的成形过程,并对其成形极限和厚度变化情况进行了研究。针对液压胀形过程中出现的胀裂缺陷,通过优化加载路径等得到了合格的消音管成形状态,零件的最大变薄率为29. 6%。在数值模拟的基础上,根据最佳工艺方案进行了实际液压胀形试验,比较了仿真结果与试验结果的零件厚度,其相对偏差均在3%以内,并且相对变化趋势一致。研究结果表明,基于数值模拟的液压胀形仿真分析可以准确预测零件成形状态,从而提升设计生产效率。     

管材绕弯与液压成形工艺结合的支架关键技术研究及数值模拟

基于刚塑性有限元法(FEM)的Dynaform软件,对厚度2.4 mm的6063铝合金管材复杂支架的绕弯与液压胀形过程进行了数值模拟,得到了合理的成形工艺方案。结果表明,复杂管件成形采用预绕弯、预胀形和局部压扁工艺是可行的。多道成形工序的重点主要是关键参数控制:合理控制成形压力与时间关系;支架头部局部压扁前先预成形头部圆弧形状有利于防止压扁起皱。     

江淮SRV前梁液压胀形过程有限元分析

对江淮SRV前梁液压胀形过程进行了数值模拟研究,应用弹塑性有限元动力显式分析程序LS-DY-NA进行求解分析.重点针对管坯初始尺寸的确定和内压加载路径的选择,给出了模拟结果.分析表明选择合适的管径和内压加载路径能改善成形过程中材料的流动、提高材料的成形极限、有利于产品质量的提高,模拟结果为工程应用提供了依据.     

双金属复合管液压胀形工艺参数的优化设计

液压成形法生产的双金属复合管具有良好的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,合理设置工艺参数对获得高质量复合管具有重要意义。基于满足工程实际的有限元模型,采用不同的胀形压力、初始间隙和衬管壁厚进行了双金属复合管液压成形过程的模拟试验。通过正交试验设计和综合优化分析得到:影响残余接触应力的主次顺序依次为胀形压力、衬管壁厚、初始间隙;影响回弹的主次顺序依次是胀形压力、初始间隙、衬管壁厚。综合考虑残余接触应力和回弹两个评价指标,确定胀形压力170 MPa、初始间隙2 mm、衬管壁厚3 mm为最优工艺参数组合。     

汽车桥壳胀—压复合成形工艺预制坯胀形模拟研究

以某型汽车桥壳为例,结合汽车桥壳胀—压复合成形工艺预制坯的设计方法,确定了预制坯形状与尺寸。根据预制坯的设计尺寸,确定采用两次胀形工艺与有益褶皱相结合的方式进行胀形。通过ABAQUS有限元模拟软件模拟了预制坯两次胀形过程中不同加载曲线对胀形件成形质量的影响,其中:一次胀形3种加载曲线最大胀形压强分别为10MPa、20MPa、30MPa;二次胀形3种加载曲线最大胀形压强分别为10MPa、20MPa、30MPa,分析了理想胀形件的壁厚分布情况。模拟分析表明:通过一次胀形加载曲线2可得到理想有益褶皱,进而增压得到成形质量较好的一次胀形管坯;通过二次胀形加载曲线2最终得壁厚减薄小且所需进给力小的理想预制坯。理想预制坯的壁厚最大减薄为20%,最大增厚为50%,满足汽车桥壳胀—压复合成形工艺压制过程的需要。     

基于均匀增容的大变径比管件液压胀形加载路径研究

目前液压胀形加载路径设计多属于试错法,路径调试缺乏系统的指导思想,没有量化的反馈,因此,提出了基于均匀增容的液压胀形加载路径的设计方法。以管坯内部容积随轴向推进量线性均匀变化为目标,将整个液压胀形过程分为若个子步,通过调整每一子步的管坯内部压力,使每一子步的管坯内部容积沿均匀增容线变化,得到液压胀形管件。以某大型汽车桥壳管件预成形管坯为例,通过数值模拟得到了均匀增容的加载路径,给出了基于均匀增容线的合理成形区间,进行了生产试验,得到了外形轮廓清晰、壁厚减薄率满足设计要求的合格样件,试验结果表明:基于均匀增容的液压胀形加载路径适用于实际生产,样件成品率高、成形性好。     

阶梯圆筒件液压拉深中预胀方式研究

基于有限元软件Dynaform,以阶梯圆筒液压拉深零件为例,结合物理实验与数值模拟,研究了预胀力加载方式在液压拉深成形中对零件的影响。结果表明:合理的预胀方式对液压拉深是有利于的;在数值模拟中,线性加载液池预胀压力直至板料成形结束,成形效果最好,零件壁厚最为均匀,且模拟结果和物理实验吻合较好。     

汽车后延臂的液压胀形工艺研究

在对汽车后延臂的液压胀形工艺进行了实验研究的基础上，针对汽车后延臂珠承载情况对其结构提出了改进设计，并根据液压胀形工件的结构要求，分析了汽车后延臂的成形工艺过程。在给定实验条件下，分别考察和研究了液压胀形的主要工艺渗数（如管内压力、轴向进给量及摩擦条件）对成形过程的影响。研究结果表明，文中所提出的工艺设计对汽车后延臂液压胀形技术开发具有重要的应用价值。     

应用JSTAMP／NV的管材液压成形案例仿真

为有效地预测管材液压成形过程中存在的问题,比如：制件在外侧过度减薄和内侧起皱,用JSTAMP／NV对汽车副车架液压成形工艺过程进行有限元模拟分析,得出各工序的仿真结果。应用逆向求解器Hystamp仅需直接指定管坯的尺寸参数、材料和弯曲工艺参数即可自动执行弯曲仿真计算并可在几秒内获取弯曲仿真的结果;应用LS—DYNA执行预成形和液压成形工序仿真的计算,需设定液压成形工序的工艺参数,包括液压加载的曲线和方向以及轴向进给位移。JSTAMP／NV能有效模拟管材液压成形工艺过程并预测成形过程中在变形区出现的屈曲、起皱和破裂等缺陷,可以为工艺试验提供指导。     

The effect of prebending on the formability in the tube hydroforming process of an aluminum rear subframe

The effects of 2D and 3D prebending on the forming limit in the tube hydroforming process of an automotive rear subframe are evaluated and compared through finite element analyses and experimental tryouts. The influence of the strain path corresponding to each prebending method is discussed in terms of a forming limit diagram (FLD) and a forming limit stress diagram (FLSD). An incremental strain-to-stress transformation scheme to plot the FLSD from the FLD along an arbitrary strain path is proposed. A tube hydroformability testing system designed and manufactured to provide an arbitrary combination of internal pressure and axial feed is introduced. A forming limit diagram of the A6063 aluminum tube material is obtained from free bulging, T-shape forming and cross-shape forming tests using this system.     

汽车前梁多道次内高压成形

基于动力显示有限元软件eta/DYNAFORM,以汽车前梁为例,开展了回转拉伸弯曲和模具压弯多道次内高压成形工艺过程数值模拟。结合各种成形工艺下汽车前梁内高压成形极限图,分析其成形质量。在此基础上进行管坯回转拉伸预弯曲和内高压成形试验,给出了典型截面的壁厚分布,并与模拟结果进行了比较。研究结果表明,模拟结果与实验结果相一致。预弯曲成形后,管坯壁厚分布对内高压成形结果中壁厚分布具有一定的影响。多道次内高压成形模拟能够提高内高压成形模拟精度。管坯模具压弯的壁厚分布较回转拉伸弯曲的壁厚分布好,利于汽车前梁内高压成形性能提高。     

摩托车油箱液压成形力学分析及模具设计

板材液压成形是金属板料塑性成形的一种新工艺,非常适合于汽车覆盖件、摩托车油箱等复杂零件的生产。但是板材液压成形工艺与模具的设计目前尚无完善的理论,文章基于板材液压成形的力学分析,设计了一套摩托车油箱的液压成形模具。     

支叉管零件充液成形工艺

针对某军机支叉管类零件的结构型面复杂、曲率变化大的特点,其传统的成形方式主要采用落压成形,在成形过程中易产生起皱、破裂和表面质量差等问题.因此,提出采用被动式充液成形来加工支叉管零件,并利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立有限元分析模型,对其充液成形过程进行有限元仿真模拟,研究不同压边力对充液成形的影响,从模拟...     

Analysis and design of hydroforming process for automobile rear axle housing by FEM

An FEM program, HydroFORM-3D, for the analysis and design of tube hydroforming processes, has been developed by modifying and adding some subroutines to the previous rigid-plastic finite element program, and then applied to the hydroforming process for an automobile rear axle housing. This paper includes the theoretical background of the program development. Through a numerical simulation, an optimum process is proposed to meet the practical requirements, which shows the efficiency of the numerical simulation. Two types of hydroforming dies are analyzed by numerical simulation. The sliding-type die has the drawback of a possibility of buckling, whereas the fixed-type die causes bursting failure. The thickness distribution of the final product is affected not only by the types of die, but also by the loading paths. The potential failure site for rear axle housing predicted by the numerical simulation is consistent with the experimental results. The values of maximum axial compression force for the first and second hydroforming processes are also in good agreement with experimental data. To manufacture a sound automobile rear axle housing without failure, it is better to use the sliding-type die and it is also critical to maintain a suitable hydraulic pressure level.     

Combined tube and double sheet hydroforming for the manufacturing of complex parts

Modern lightweight construction, especially in the automotive industry, requires more and more complex components, which can be manufactured in one process step using the hydroforming technology. The combination of the tube and double sheet hydroforming is a new forming process, where a tube and two blanks are formed simultaneously in a die cavity, combining the advantages of both hydroforming variants. This paper deals with the fundamental considerations and investigations related to connection between tube and double sheet. The finite element analysis and laboratory trials were used in order to design the shape of the die cavity and to avoid wrinkles, material tearing and the collapse of the tube section during forming. The paper will also illustrate an analytical model for the prediction of the edge shape in the constrained bulging of a rectangular cup together with several technical solutions, which enabled a complete forming of the investigated part. Finally, the definition of a hydroforming material factor based on the analytical model of the hydraulic bulging process enables the right choice of sheets with different material strength and thickness for the hydroforming of hybrid components.     

Application of two dimensional (2D) FEA for the tube hydroforming process

Use of FEM in the metal forming process has been a proven analysis tool. Two-dimensional FEA for simplified sections can help to reduce time and cost in part, tooling and process design in tube hydroforming technology as it is a relatively new process, and the existing experience and knowledge base is not as broad as with other forming processes. Some case studies are presented to demonstrate the use of two-dimensional FEA in the hydroforming process. Upon verification through comparison of FEA predictions with experimental results, further planned simulations are conducted to generate simple design rules on geometrical and process parameters.