Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si合金时效早期相变规律及强化机理

利用透射电镜及X射线衍射研究了Cu Ni Si合金时效早期的组织转变规律。结果表明 :该合金在时效早期 ,过饱和固溶体首先发生成分调幅 ,形成贫、富溶质区 ,随后 ,溶质富集区发生有序化 ,在 45 0℃时效 4h左右富溶质区内形成Ni2 Si相 ,形成的Ni2 Si相与基体呈共格关系 ,但由于晶体结构同基体差别较大 ,仍以Orowan机制提高合金强度。利用位错理论计算出 45 0℃时效 2h的调幅组织的强化效应为 34 2MPa,45 0℃时效 4h形成的Ni2 Si相的强化效应为 40 5MPa ,该数值与实验结果非常吻合。     

Cu-Ni-Si合金时效析出相的长大机制研究

通过测量导电率研究了Cu-3．2Ni-0．75Si-0．30Zn合金在时效过程中的调幅分解行为。结果表明,合金在450℃时效时按照调幅分解机制经历了三个序列:溶质富集区→半共格Ni2Si相→非共格Ni2Si相。即随时效时间的延长,溶质原子富集区出现有序化,形成与基体半共格的强化相(Ni2Si)。继续时效,强化相不断析出与长大, 半共格关系被破坏,最终在表面张力的作用下逐渐球化,导电率和显微硬度上升趋势随之减弱。     

Cu-Ni-Si合金时效析出相的长大机制研究

通过测量导电率研究了Cu-3．2Ni-0．75Si-0．30Zn合金在时效过程中的调幅分解行为。结果表明，合金在450℃时效时按照调幅分解机制经历了三个序列：溶质富集区→半共格Ni：Si相→非共格Ni：Si相。即随时效时间的延长，溶质原子富集区出现有序化，形成与基体半共格的强化相（Ni：Si）。继续时效，强化相不断析出与长大，半共格关系被破坏。最终在表面张力的作用下逐渐球化，导电率和显微硬度上升趋势随之减弱。     

Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si-0.30Zn合金强化相的析出行为分析

采用金相组织分析、力学性能和电导率测试研究了Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si-0.30Zn合金的过饱和固溶体在时效过程中强化相的析出机制.结果表明,在250℃～450℃时效初期,过饱和固溶体按调幅分解的方式进行转变,形成溶质原子的贫集区和富集区;随时效时间的延长,溶质原子富集区出现有序化,形成与基体半共格的强化相（Ni2Si）;继续时效时,强化相不断析出与长大,半共格关系被破坏,最终在表面张力的作用下逐渐球化,电导率和显微硬度上升趋势随之减弱.     

时效与冷轧对不同成分Cu-Ni-Si合金性能的影响

研究了时效与冷轧对Cu-3．2Ni-0．75Si-0．30Zn和Cu-1．0Ni-0．25Si-0．10Zn合金性能的影响。结果表明，450℃时效时，未冷轧合金的时效析出相长大速度非常缓慢，析出相与基体保持共格关系，其显微硬度曲线无峰值出现；而经60％冷轧合金的时效析出相则迅速长大，析出相与基体的关系从共格关系逐渐演变为半共格乃至非共格关系，其显微硬度曲线出现峰值。结果还发现，经60%冷轧并时效适当时间后，Cu-3．2Ni-0．75Si-0．30Zn合金的电导率十分接近Cu．1．0Ni．0．25Si．0．10Zn合金的电导率，可以用前者替代后者。     

时效对Cu-Ni-Si-P合金组织和性能的影响

研究了时效温度和时效时间对Cu-Ni-Si-P合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明:合金先经900℃固溶,再经不同冷变形后时效,当变形量为80%、时效温度达到450℃、时效2 h后,其显微硬度达到220 HV,导电率达到41%IACS,与未经预冷变形的合金时效相比,合金能获得较高的显微硬度与导电率。Cu-Ni-Si-P合金在较短时间时效时,析出相细小弥散分布。利用高分辨技术观察该合金在450℃时效48 h的析出相形貌,通过计算发现:析出相与基体之间保持着良好的共格关系,并通过对其进行标定,发现析出相为Ni2Si和Ni3P。     

固溶处理及时效对镍钛形状记忆合金组织演化及力学性能的影响

将镍钛形状记忆合金Ni50.9Ti49.1（摩尔分数）在1123 K固溶处理2 h,然后分别在573、723和873 K时效2h。采用透射电镜、高分辨率透射电镜、扫描电镜和压缩实验,系统研究固溶处理和时效对镍钛合金组织演化及力学性能的影响。结果表明：固溶处理有助于消除原始镍钛样品中的Ti2Ni相,但不能消除TiC相。固溶处理导致镍钛合金中原子排列的有序畴界。在所有时效镍钛样品中,Ni4Ti3析出相、R相和B2奥氏体相共存于室温下的镍钛基体上,然而在873 K时效的镍钛样品中,可以观察到马氏体孪晶。在573和723 K时效的镍钛样品中,细小密集的Ni4Ti3相均匀分布在镍钛基体上,而且与B2基体保持共格关系。然而,在873 K时效的镍钛样品中, Ni4Ti3相尺寸非常不均匀,和B2基体保持共格、半共格和非共格关系。在723 K时效的条件下,细小均匀的Ni4Ti3相阻碍位错运动,导致最大的位错滑移临界分切应力,因此镍钛样品表现出最高的屈服强度。     

Ni_4Ti_3沉淀相对镍钛形状记忆合金相变的影响(英文)

镍钛形状记忆合金样品分别在573、723和873 K时效2 h。在573和723 K时效的镍钛样品中,可以观察到2个R相变体,而且这2个R相变体与B2基体之间的取向关系可以确定。在573和723 K时效的镍钛样品中,细小均匀的Ni4Ti3沉淀相与B2奥氏体基体之间保持共格关系。在873 K时效的镍钛样品中,可以观察到Ni4Ti3沉淀相在晶粒内部和晶界处析出,不均匀的Ni4Ti3沉淀相与B2基体之间保持共格、半共格和非共格关系。对于873 K时效的镍钛样品,加热时发生B19'马氏体向B2奥氏体转变的一阶相变,但在冷却时发生B2-R-B19'的二阶相变。723 K时效的镍钛样品在冷却时也表现出B2-R-B19'的二阶相变,但在加热时发出B19'-R-B2的二阶相变。对于573 K时效的镍钛样品,由于Ni4Ti3沉淀相周围的局部应力不均匀和局部成分不均匀,则其发生三阶相变。     

Cu-Ni-Si-Mg合金的时效特性

通过电导率、硬度、XRD、动力学4个方面研究Cu-2.4Ni-0.57Si-0.1Mg合金4种工艺下最佳的电导率与硬度配合.结果表明,试验合金经过热轧后在450℃时效4h的硬度和电导率的配合最佳,综合性能达到最高点;通过时效处理从过饱和固溶体中析出Ni2Si相,使合金导电性上升,同时硬度也可大幅度提高.随着温度和时间的增加,发生了过时效现象,析出相长大,失去共格特征,Ni2Si又逐渐溶解到基体中,缺陷也逐渐减少,导致硬度显著下降.     

Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si-0.30Zn合金时效过程的动力学分析

通过研究时效过程中电阻率的变化规律 ,分析了Cu 3.2Ni 0 .75Si 0 .30Zn合金的时效析出特性及其动力学过程。结果表明 :低温时效时扩散作用是合金析出过程的主要控制因素 ,时效早期通过调幅分解形成溶质原子的富集区 ,然后在溶质富集区发生失稳有序化 ,最后生成δ Ni2 Si相 ;高温时效时相变驱动力成为主要控制因素 ,由于生成δ Ni2 Si相的驱动力较大 ,所以直接析出δ Ni2 Si相。结合透射电镜研究了合金时效过程中显微组织的变化 ,并得出了合金的时间—温度—转变曲线 (即TTT曲线 )。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.