1050纯铝微弧氧化陶瓷层的生长动力学与腐蚀性能研究

采用微弧氧化技术在1050纯铝表面制备陶瓷膜,分析了不同制备参数对应的电压与时间曲线.表征了陶瓷氧化膜的厚度、微观形貌,膜层结构和成分;评定了陶瓷氧化膜在NaCI溶液中耐腐蚀性能.随着电流密度的增大,陶瓷膜的厚度呈线性快速增加.微弧氧化后试样具有更高的腐蚀电位和更低的腐蚀电流密度,并且发现铝合金的维钝电流密度可以从0.1A/cm~2降低为10~-7A/cm~2,低的腐蚀电流密度可能是由于膜的厚度、致密度等决定.     

电流密度对5083铝合金微弧氧化过程与电化学腐蚀性能的影响

在含有磷酸钠和钼酸钠的电解液中采用恒流模式对5083铝合金进行微弧氧化。研究了电流密度对氧化电压、膜层生长速率的影响;采用扫描电镜和能谱对氧化膜的表面形貌和成分进行了分析;采用电化学极化曲线测试了氧化膜的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:在恒电流微弧氧化过程中,氧化电压出现直线快速增长和平稳增长两个阶段,且随着电流密度的增加电压逐渐增大;随着电流密度的增大,氧化膜厚度增加,其表面微弧放电产生的微孔数量逐渐减少,而"火山堆积"状形貌特征越来越明显,电流密度过大氧化膜出现局部剥落,其对氧化膜成分影响不明显;微弧氧化陶瓷膜提高了铝合金基体的耐腐蚀性能,当电流密度为7.5 A/dm2时,微弧氧化膜的自腐蚀电流为1.9×10-8A/cm2,比铝合金基体降低了1个数量级,表现出良好的耐腐蚀性能。     

脉冲能量对钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜性能的影响研究

微弧氧化是一种在钛合金基体表面制备致密均匀超硬氧化陶瓷膜层的新方法。从脉冲频率和占空比入手,研究了单脉冲放电能量对钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜厚度、表面形貌的影响。结果表明:当占空比固定不变时,随着频率的增加,单脉冲放电能量不断减小,氧化膜的厚度逐渐降低,显微硬度呈降低趋势,氧化膜表面的放电微孔尺寸逐渐减小,微孔数量逐渐增多;当脉冲频率固定不变时,随着占空比的增大,单脉冲放电能量不断增大,氧化陶瓷膜厚度逐渐增大,显微硬度呈增加趋势,氧化膜表面的放电微孔尺寸逐渐增大,微孔数量逐渐减少,表面粗糙度值逐渐增加。     

电流密度对6061铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层的影响

采用恒流控制模式在Na2SiO3电解液体系下制得6061铝合金微弧氧化膜,研究了电流密度对微弧氧化陶瓷膜结构和性能的影响。为了提高膜层性能采用了一种新的电流模式,并与恒流条件下的陶瓷层显微结构和耐腐蚀性进行了比较。结果表明,随着电流密度的不断增大,陶瓷膜的厚度、表面粗糙度也随之增大,耐腐蚀性能逐渐降低,硬度则呈现先增大后减小的趋势,膜层主要由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3组成,采用新的电流模式得到的陶瓷膜显微裂纹明显减少,耐腐蚀性明显提高。     

阳极电流密度对铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的影响

在相同电解液条件下,采用微弧氧化技术在2A12铝合金表面制备陶瓷膜,考察了阳极电流密度对铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜生长速率和膜层密度的影响,利用电子扫描电镜观察了陶瓷膜的表面形貌.结果显示,随着阳极电流密度的增加,陶瓷膜生长速率加快,陶瓷膜微孔尺寸增大,陶瓷膜密度受电流密度和微弧氧化时间双重因素的影响.     

负向电流密度对镁合金微弧氧化电压及陶瓷膜的影响

以恒流模式在含有硅酸钠、氟化钾、甘油、氢氧化钾的电解液中对AM50镁合金进行微弧氧化。研究了正向电流密度恒定时,负向电流密度对正向电压及陶瓷膜表面形貌、显微硬度和厚度的影响。结果表明,不同负向电流密度对应的正向电压随时间的变化都呈先快速增长后趋于稳定的变化趋势,而随负向电流密度的增大,不同负向电流密度对应的正向电压(同一时刻)呈先增加后逐渐降低的变化趋势;随负向电流密度的增大,氧化膜表面微孔数量先减少后增加,而陶瓷膜表面微孔孔径变化不大,都在1～5μm范围内;提高负向电流密度有利于增加微弧氧化陶瓷膜的硬度与厚度。     

铝合金表面微弧氧化工艺条件的研究

为了研究了起弧电压、电流密度和氧化时间等参数对铝合金陶瓷膜性能的影响.以LY12铝合金为试验材料,采用MAO240/750微弧氧化设备、TT260测厚仪和AMARY-1000B扫描电子显微镜.结果表明:起弧电压随着Na2SiO3浓度的增加而降低;在相同氧化时间内,随着电流密度的增加,陶瓷膜的厚度也显著地增加,陶瓷膜的致密层的显微硬度也在逐渐地增加,但不是呈线性增加的;在相同电流密度条件下,随着时间的增加,膜层厚度和致密层硬度非线性增加,但致密层所占比例却减小.得出结论:电流密度应该选择在5～20A/dm2的范围内,微弧氧化时间控制在3h以内时比较适宜.     

电参数对锆材微弧氧化膜层厚度的影响

利用微弧氧化技术在锆材表面原位生成微弧氧化膜层。研究电压、占空比、频率和电流密度对锆材微弧氧化膜层厚度的影响,并利用单因素方差分析法,分析各电参数对膜厚影响的显著性。结果表明：在试验范围内,随着电压的升高、占空比的增大、频率的减小或电流密度的增大,锆材微弧氧化膜层厚度增加;各电参数对微弧氧化膜层厚度影响的主次顺序为：电压和电流密度＞占空比＞频率,其中频率对膜层厚度无明显影响。     

ZAlSi12Cu2Mg1微弧氧化陶瓷膜层形成过程研究

通过控制微弧氧化时间,研究了ZAlSi12Cu2Mg1在不同氧化时间下膜层的生长过程,分析了氧化过程中正向电流密度、膜层厚度的变化.结果表明微弧氧化阶段又分为氧化过渡阶段和氧化烧结阶段.氧化过渡阶段陶瓷层以向外生长为主;生成Al2O3非晶氧化物;氧化烧结阶段膜层以向内生长为主,此阶段膜层生长速率最快,生成Al2O3晶体和莫来石.氧化烧结阶段对陶瓷膜层的形成起重要作用,对氧化烧结阶段的控制可直接影响膜层的厚度以及膜层中Al2O3晶体含量.     

负向电压与氧化时间对AZ91D微弧氧化膜层形成特性的影响

在硅酸盐体系下对AZ91D镁合金进行了微弧氧化处理,研究了负向电压和氧化时间对微弧氧化膜层特性的影响,并通过XRD、金相显微镜及SEM对氧化膜进行了相结构和表面形貌的分析.结果表明,随着负向电压的提高,膜厚逐渐增加,表面孔洞增大,但孔洞及微裂纹的数量减少,当负向电压为120 V时,膜厚达到157μm,孔洞及裂纹数量最少.延长氧化时间,使得微弧氧化膜层厚度增加,膜层生长速率先增大后减小.氧化膜层主要由立方结构MgO和镁橄榄石相Mg2SiO4构成,衍射谱中未发现Mg的衍射峰,氧化膜层致密性较好.陶瓷膜层由致密层和疏松层组成且与基体结合紧密.     

AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜的腐蚀行为研究

利用双向全波脉冲电源对AZ91D镁合金在硅酸盐体系中进行了微弧氧化处理,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试、极化曲线分析并结合XRD和SEM等分析方法对微弧氧化处理的镁合金腐蚀行为进行了研究.结果表明,微弧氧化膜表面分布着几微米的微孔,微弧氧化膜中主要含有MgF2,Mg2SiO4和Al2O3.AZ91D镁合金经过微弧氧化处理之后,耐蚀性能明显提高,自腐蚀电流密度降低3个数量级,自腐蚀电位高出约300 mV,阻抗值高出3个数量级,研制的微弧氧化膜对镁合金具有很好的防腐保护性能.     

Corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidized ceramic coating on cast hypereutectic alloy

The corrosion resistance of the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) ceramic coating on a cast Al-13Si-5Cu alloy was investigated using various electrochemical methods including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization curves. Microstructures of MAO ceramic coating were studied by SEM, and the influence of microscopic patterns on corrosion resistance was analyzed. The corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy can be improved significantly by MAO process owing to increasing impedance and corrosion potential and decreasing corrosion current, and the ceramic coatings are composed of loose layer, compact layer and transition layer, which improve the corrosion resistance. The corrosin resistance is determined by the thickness of the compact layer and is not proportional to the total thickness of MAO, though the latter is one of the important factors influencing the corrosin resistance.     

镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷层的绝缘强度及耐蚀性的研究

采用微弧氧化法在MB8镁合金表面原位生长—层陶瓷层，利用电击穿试验、盐雾腐蚀试验等手段研究了陶瓷层的绝缘强度Eb和耐蚀性，并用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了陶瓷层的形貌结构。结果表明：恒流条件下，随微弧氧化时间的增加，陶瓷层的厚度增加，陶瓷层内的显微缺陷增多，致密性下降；陶瓷层的绝缘强度(Eb)和耐蚀性均呈现出先增大后减小的趋势；陶瓷层的致密性越高，绝缘强度(Eb)越大，耐蚀性也就越好。     

C3H8O3含量对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化过程及膜层特性的影响

在含有不同C₃H₈O₃含量的硅铝复合电解液中,利用交流脉冲电源在AZ91D镁合金基体上制备了一系列微弧氧化膜。利用SEM和膜层测厚仪分别研究了陶瓷膜层的微观形貌特征及厚度,采用全浸泡实验和电化学阻抗谱测试了膜层在3.5%NaCl中性溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,微弧氧化过程中的起弧电压和终止电压均随C₃H₈O₃含量的增加而呈上升的变化趋势。随着C₃H₈O₃含量的增加,膜层耐蚀性先提高后降低,而膜厚变化幅度不大。膜层的耐蚀性主要取决于内部致密层,当C₃H₈O₃含量为5 mL/L时,膜层相对较致密,因而表现出良好的耐蚀性能。     

磷酸盐浓度对5083铝合金微弧氧化膜组织与耐腐蚀性能的影响

为研究电解液浓度对微弧氧化的影响规律,在磷酸钠电解液中采用恒压模式对5083铝合金进行微弧氧化,采用场发射扫描电镜、划痕仪以及电化学工作站等研究了电解质浓度对膜层生长速率、组织成分、膜基结合强度以及耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:随着磷酸钠浓度的增大,氧化膜厚度线性增加,膜层表面的"火山堆积"状形貌特征愈发明显,但浓度过大时氧化膜出现局部不均匀堆积及较大孔洞,其对氧化膜成分影响不明显;氧化膜与基体结合良好,且随着浓度增加结合强度出现先增后减的趋势。当磷酸钠浓度为10 g/L时,氧化膜的自腐蚀电流最低,为2.96×10~(–8) A/cm~2,比铝合金基体降低了1个数量级,表现出良好的耐腐蚀性能。     

Effects of electric parameters on corrosion resistance of anodic coatings formed on magnesium alloys

Anodic coatings were obtained by micro-arc oxidation on AZ91HP magnesium alloys in a solution containing 10 g/L NaOH and 8 g/L phytic acid. The effects of electric parameters including frequency, final voltage, duty cycle and current density on the corrosion resistance of anodic coatings formed on the magnesium alloys were investigated by using an orthogonal experiment of four factors with three levels. The results show that the final voltage plays a main role on the coating properties. The orders of affecting corrosion resistance and coating thickness are separately ranked from high to low as, final voltage>duty cycle>current density>frequency and final voltage>current density>frequency>duty cycle. The final voltage influences the corrosion resistance of the anodized samples mainly by changing the surface morphology and coating thickness.     

电压对铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层形成的影响

研究了正向和负向电压对6063铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层形成的影响,并结合微弧氧化过程中正向电流密度的变化,对影响机理进行了探讨.结果表明,提高正负向电压均有利于提高陶瓷层的厚度与均匀性当正负向电压从420V/120V提高到480V/200V时,陶瓷层厚增加了一倍;负向电压对陶瓷层形成的影响更加显著,当保持正向电压440V不变,负向电压从120V提高到200V时,层厚增加了约60%,均匀性明显提高.正负向电压提高时,通过试样的正向电量随之增大,而且与陶瓷层厚度之间有着较好的线性关系.正向和负向电压分别通过加快物质的迁移和强化膜层的击穿从而促进陶瓷层的形成.     

Corrosion and wear properties of micro-arc oxidation treated Ti6Al4V alloy prepared by selective electron beam melting

In order to analyze the effect of voltage during micro-arc oxidation (MAO) on corrosion and wear properties of Ti6Al4V (TC4), the MAO technology was employed to treat TC4 samples fabricated by selective electron beam melting (SEBM) at the voltages of 400, 420 and 450 V. The results show that the metastable anatase phase gradually transforms to rutile phase with oxidation time and temperature increasing. The surface morphology of coating contains numerous micropores with uniform size distribution. Cracks and pores over 10 μm are found on MAO-TC4 sample with applied voltage of 450 V. The thickness of MAO coating is positively correlated with the voltage. The corrosion resistance and wear resistance are related to phase composition, micropore size distribution on the surface and film thickness. When the voltage is 420 V, the coating shows the smallest corrosion current density (0.960×10⁻⁷ A/cm²) and the largest resistance (7.17×10⁵ Ω·cm²). Under the same load condition, the coating exhibits larger friction coefficient and wear loss than the TC4 substrate. With the increase of voltage, the wear mechanism of the coating changes from abrasive wear to adhesive wear, and the adhesive wear is intensified at applied voltage of 450 V, with a maximum friction coefficient of 0.821.     

铈对Zr-4合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜结构和性能的影响

在硅酸盐碱性电解液中加入稀土元素Ce的络合物,采用恒压微弧氧化技术在Zr-4合金表面制备陶瓷膜。分析了稀土元素Ce在陶瓷膜中的存在形式,以及对陶瓷膜的厚度、相组成、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。稀土元素Ce能够进入陶瓷膜并在陶瓷膜中以固溶形式存在,影响陶瓷膜中t-ZrO2和m-ZrO2的相对比例,使孔洞及粒状物明显减少,陶瓷膜表面光滑致密,陶瓷膜厚度增加,耐磨、耐腐蚀性能提高。电解液中Ce的络合物加入量在0.001~0.003 mol/L时效果最为明显     

Electrochemical evaluation of the corrosion protectiveness and porosity of vacuum annealed CrAlN and TiAlN cathodic arc physical vapor deposited coatings

The corrosion behavior of cathodic arc physical vapor deposited CrAlN and TiAlN coatings were examined in 1 M HCl solution before and after vacuum annealing at 700, 800, 900, and 1000 °C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) methods were used to study the corrosion behavior and porosity of the coatings in comparison with the bare steel substrate (304SS). Structural and mechanical characterization of the coatings were also conducted. It is found that with increasing annealing temperature, the mechanical properties of TiAlN increased due to age hardening caused by spinodal decomposition while the hardness of CrAlN decreased as result of relaxation. Similarly, EIS and PDP results revealed that the as‐deposited and annealed coatings offer higher corrosion resistance as compared to the bare 304SS substrate. The coatings susceptibility to corrosion is reduced after annealing as indicated by the increasing nobility of E_corr. Both PDP and EIS tests revealed that CrAlN coating annealed at 1000°C exhibited superior corrosion resistance properties. It is found that the reduced current density for CrAlN coating annealed at 1000°C was due to the reduction in the porosity. Annealed TiAlN coating follows similar behavior until an optimum annealing temperature of 800°C. Beyond this temperature, porosity enlargement and an increase in the number of pores subsequent to structural changes deteriorated the corrosion resistance of TiAlN coating.