大块非晶Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)合金在晶化过程中磁粘滞行为的研究

通过铜模吸铸法制备出了Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)大块非晶合金,研究了该合金在晶化过程中的结构与磁性能,并利用等待时间法研究了其在晶化过程中的磁粘滞行为,结果表明:在453~783 K温度退火时,合金的磁性能变化不大。当退火温度高于783 K时,合金的剩余磁化强度(M_r)、饱和磁化强度(M_s)和矫顽力(_iH_c)的值均急剧降低,在803K退火后,合金完全晶化,铁磁性消失。当合金在703和753 K退火后,合金的激活体积v_a和激活直径Da的数值变化不大,而合金的扰动场H_f则呈现先上升后下降的现象,并且在703 K时达到最大值,这是因为703 K样品中存在的亚稳相造成了扰动场的增加。此外,还讨论了这些微观磁性参数与合金宏观磁性能的关联性。     

Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21大块非晶合金磁性能的研究

采用铜模吸铸法制备出厚度为0.8 mm的片状Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21大块非晶合金.利用X射线衍射(XRD),差热分析(DTA)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21大块非晶合金在铸态和不同温度退火后的磁性能.结果表明,Fe68Nd5Zr2Y4B21大块非晶合金在铸态下为软磁性.合金晶化退火后,磁性能转变为硬磁性,得到了块状的纳米晶复合永磁材料.合金硬磁性的产生是由于合金晶化后产生了Nd2Fe14B硬磁性相和α-Fe,Fe3B软磁性相,软、硬磁相间产生了较强的交换耦合作用而造成的.这一方法为制备块体纳米晶复合永磁材料提供了一种新的手段.     

Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx非晶合金的结构、磁性能和晶化行为的研究

采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)，X射线衍射(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx(x=0，2，5)大块非晶合金的结构、磁性能和晶化行为。结果表明：Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx非晶合金在晶化前既没有发生玻璃转变也没有过冷液相区；Nd60Fe20Al10Co10合金的DSC曲线上在360℃～475℃之间有1个宽的放热峰，加入2at％～5at％的B后该放热峰消失。铸态Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx(x=0，2，5)大块非晶合金在室温具有硬磁性。随B含量的增加，合金的内禀矫顽力显著增加，而饱和磁化强度和剩磁则有所下降。B的加入使Nd60Fe20Al10Co10合金的晶化行为发生明显变化。     

Fe44Co20Nd7Nb4B25大块非晶合金磁性及热稳定性研究

采用铜模吸铸法制备了Fe44Co20Nd7Nb4B25大块非晶合金,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了该合金的结构、非晶形成能力、热稳定性及磁性能.结果表明:该合金为完全非晶结构,在室温下表现为良好的软磁性,并具有较好的非晶形成能力和热稳定性,晶化激活能Ep为642 kJ/mol.退火后该合金表现为硬磁性,退火温度为1003 K时,内禀矫顽力iHc达到最大值,为l164kA/m;退火温度为963 K时,剩余磁感应强度研和最大磁能积(BH)max的值最大,分别为0.27 T和15.79 kJ/m3.     

热处理条件对Fe_(80)Zr_(10)B_(10)合金的晶化过程和磁性能的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe80Zr10B10非晶合金,并对该合金进行不同温度及不同保温时间热处理。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对合金的晶化过程和磁性能进行测试分析。结果表明:Fe80Zr10B10非晶合金经550℃退火保温不同时间,仅析出α-Fe相。经600℃退火,保温1 min后晶化产物为α-Fe相和χ相(α-Mn型相),χ相为亚稳相,随保温时间延长,χ相转变为α-Fe相。经650℃退火,保温1 min的晶化产物为Laves C14(λ)相,随保温时间增加,λ相向α-Fe相转变,并伴有Fe3Zr相和Fe2Zr相析出。合金经550℃退火,矫顽力(Hc)随保温时间的延长变化不大,比饱和磁化强度(Ms)逐渐增大。600℃退火,矫顽力(Hc)在合金保温10 min后达到最大值然后减小,比饱和磁化强度(Ms)在合金保温10 min后达到最小值,然后增大。650℃退火,矫顽力(Hc)随保温时间的增加而减小,比饱和磁化强度(Ms)逐渐增大。     

Fe64-xCoxNd7B25Nb4（x=0～40）块体合金的晶化过程和磁性能研究

采用铜模吸铸法制备了Fe64-xCoxNd7B25Nb4(x=0～40)块体合金,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了该体系合金的非晶形成能力、晶化过程和磁性能。结果表明:Fe64-xCoxNd7B25Nb4(x=0～40)块体合金具有良好的非晶形成能力。在Co含量为0at%～40at%范围内,合金基本为非晶态。该系合金铸态时为软磁性,晶化处理后则表现为硬磁性。随着Co含量的不同,合金的晶化行为和晶化后的产物及对应的磁性能均有明显的变化。不含Co元素时,合金发生两级晶化反应;晶化过程中出现了亚稳相Fe23B6,随着退火温度的升高,Fe23B6分解为Fe3B和α-Fe相。添加Co元素后,合金只发生一级晶化反应。Co含量为20at%的合金在1 003 K退火后,内禀矫顽力高达1 164 kA/m。     

退火温度与时间对Co46Fe20B23.5Si4.5Nb6非晶合金软磁性能的影响

采用铜模吸铸法成功制备了直径为1 mm的Co_(46)Fe_(20)B_(23.5)Si_(4.5)Nb_6非晶棒材,随后在570～800℃对该非晶合金进行等温退火处理,研究退火温度及时间对其晶化行为及软磁性能的影响。结果表明:Co_(46)Fe_(20)B_(23.5)Si_(4.5)Nb_6非晶合金的玻璃转化温度(T_g)为582.95℃,第一次晶化温度为(T_x)为636.53℃,过冷液相区(ΔT)为53.58℃。铸态Co_(46)Fe_(20)B_(23.5)Si_(4.5)Nb_6非晶合金具有良好的软磁性能,其饱和磁化强度为74.82 emu/g,矫顽力为3.34 G。经过570℃或620℃退火,非晶合金的软磁性能得到明显提高,其中在620℃退火保温5 min后合金得到最大的饱和磁化强度(79.51 emu/g)和最小的矫顽力(1.02 G),具有最优的软磁性能。     

熔体温度对快淬法制备纳米晶复合Nd_(8.5)Fe_(77)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)合金微观结构和磁性能的影响

将Nd_(8.5)Fe_(77)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)(at%)合金熔化至不同温度后,以18 m/s的甩带速度快淬,对淬态条带进行了退火处理,分析了其微观结构和磁性能的变化。结果表明,熔体温度对淬态及其退火态合金的微观结构和磁性能可以产生重要影响,熔体温度为1210℃时制备的快淬条带由Nd_2Fe_(14)B相和部分非晶相组成,具有一定的硬磁性;随着快淬时熔体温度的升高,淬态条带中非晶相的质量分数逐渐增加,其磁性逐渐转变为软磁性。几种合金经退火处理后均由大量Nd_2Fe_(14)B相与少量软磁相组成,熔体温度较低的合金退火后其晶粒尺寸较小,磁性能较好。熔体温度为1210℃时制备的合金退火后磁性能最佳,内禀矫顽力Hci为559.2 kA/m,剩余磁化强度Br为0.98 T,最大磁能积(BH)_(max)为127.8 kJ/m~3。     

磁脉冲对铁基非晶合金晶化组织和磁性能的影响

采用XRD和VSM等方法研究了经过磁脉冲处理以及晶化退火处理后的Fe64Ni1Al4.5Cu0.5Ga2P9.65B9.6Si3C5.75非晶合金的组织和磁性能的变化。XRD结果表明,经过磁脉冲处理+晶化退火处理后合金的析出相种类和晶化体积分数增加,晶粒尺寸减小,晶粒细化。VSM结果表明,合金饱和磁化强度Ms有所提高,剩余磁化强度Mr、剩磁比Mr/Ms、矫顽力Hc有所降低,合金软磁性能得到改善。     

Nb对Fe-Co基合金非晶形成能力及磁性能的影响

利用铜模吸铸法制备(Fe0.5Co0.5)71-xNbxZr3Nd4B22(x=0~10)系块体合金,研究合金元素Nb的添加对该体系合金非晶形成能力(GFA)和磁性能的影响。结果表明,适当Nb的添加能有效提高合金的非晶形成能力。当Nb含量为5at%时,可获得具有完全非晶结构的块体非晶合金,该合金呈现典型的软磁性能,饱和磁化强度(Ms)为79 Am2/kg;合金的晶化温度(Tx)为957 K,晶化激活能E为538.30 kJ/mol。     

Effect of heat treatment on structure and magnetic properties of Fe65.5Cr4Mo4Ga4P12C5B5.5 bulk amorphous alloy

This study deals with the Fe65.5Cr4Mo4Ga4P12C5B5.5 ferromagnetic bulk amorphous alloy. XRD analysis showed an amorphous structure of the as-cast sample. The same method revealed that, after annealing at 973 K for τ=10 min, the sample displayed a crystalline structure with crystalline phases formed. The crystallization process of the alloy was examined by DTA analysis. It was shown that crystallization took place in the temperature range between 810 K and 860 K with the exo-maximum peak temperature at 846 K with a heating rate of 20 K·min-1. The method also showed that, at temperatures ranging from 753 K to 810 K, the alloy exhibited the properties of supercooled liquids. A correlation between heat-induced structural changes and magnetic properties of the alloy was determined by thermomagnetic measurements. Maximum magnetization M=3.7 Am2·kg-1 of the alloy was reached after its annealing at 733 K for τ=10 min. Upon annealing, the alloy exhibited a relaxed amorphous structure. Annealing the alloy above the crystallization temperature led to a decrease in bulk magnetization. After annealing at 973 K for τ=10 min, the bulk magnetization of the alloy was M'=0.45 Am2·kg-1. Accordingly, after crystallization and formation of new compounds, the magnetization of the alloy was decreased by a factor of about 7.7. The strength of the magnetic field applied during the measurements was H=10 k A·m-1. The samples were tested for changes in the microstructure and hardness of both the amorphous phase and the resulting crystalline phase.     

退火温度对钴铁氧体薄膜结构和性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合匀胶旋涂工艺在复合基片(Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si)上制备了钴铁氧体(CoFe2O4)薄膜,利用XRD、SEM、VSM分析了薄膜的微结构以及磁性能,研究了不同退火温度对钴铁氧体薄膜的结构和磁性能的影响.结果表明,钴铁氧体在500℃时开始形成尖晶石相.随着退火温度的增高,钴铁氧体晶粒逐渐长大,饱和磁化...     

Effect of annealing on the structural properties of AlN thin films containing Co particles

This paper describes a new approach for preparing AlN thin films containing various Co contents by using a two-facing targets type sputtering system. The as-deposited films exhibited a variable nature expected from the AlN-rich phase, as well as an amorphous-like phase, depending on the Co content in the films. The films were annealed isothermally at different temperatures and their microstructure, magnetic properties and resistivity were examined. The saturation magnetization of the as-deposited films was quite small and almost constant, irrespective of the Co content in the films, because Co was not in the crystalline state. At elevated annealing temperatures, the as-deposited AlN-Co amorphous films crystallized into two phases of AlN and Co. The saturation magnetization and resistivity of the films increased with increasing annealing time and temperature. The coercivity of the films was independent of the annealing time, but it increased with increasing annealing temperature due to the increase in grain size. A saturation magnetization, coercivity and resistivity of 360 emu/cm³, ～25 Oe and 2200 μΩ-cm, respectively, were obtained. Further improvement in the soft magnetic properties might lead to this material being applied as a high density magnetic recording head material.     

Crystallization process and soft magnetic properties of nanocrystalline (Fe0.5 Co0.5 ) 86 Hf7 B6 Cu1 alloy used in elevated temperature applications

Nanocrystalline (Fe0.5 Co0.5 )86 Hf7 B6 Cu1 HITPERM alloy was investigated as the candidate of soft magnetic material for high temperature applications, compared with Fe86 Hf7B6 Cu1 NANOPERM alloy. Amorphous alloy ribbons were prepared by single-roller melt-spinning technology. Crystallization process of as-quenched ribbon was investigated using differential scanning calorimeter at different heating rates. The coercivity was determined from quasi-static hysteresis loop measured at room temperature using a computerized hysteresis loop tracer. X-ray diffraction with Cu Kα radiation was used to determine the structure. The vibrating sample magnetometer was usedto measure the magnetization as a function of temperature of the nanocrystllized alloys. That Co substitution for Fein alloy enhances the Curie temperature of amorphous alloy and the magnetization of nanocrystalline alloy at hightemperature. After annealing amorphous precursor, the optimum nanocrystalline alloy obtained shows the local minimum coercivity. The coercivity increases with the increasing annealing temperature corresponding to the formation of ferromagnetic phase in the secondary crystallization.     

制备气氛的氧含量对Fe40Ni40P14B6块体非晶态合金性能的影响

为探究制备气氛中的氧对Fe基非晶态合金性能的影响,采用Fluxing提纯技术和J-quenching快速凝固技术分别在氩气、空气和氧气气氛下制备了Fe40Ni40P14B6块体非晶态合金,对不同气氛下制备样品的玻璃化形成能力、热稳定性、磁性能和力学性能进行了对比研究。结果表明,在氩气、空气和氧气气氛下制备的Fe40Ni40P14B6非晶态合金棒的最大直径分别为2.0、1.5和1.0 mm。随着制备气氛中氧含量的增加,Fe40Ni40P14B6合金的玻璃化形成能力逐渐下降;玻璃转变温度(Tg)和起始晶化温度(Tx)逐渐下降,热稳定性降低;饱和磁化强度逐渐增加,从氩气下的0.74 T增加到氧气下的0.80 T;压缩强度略有下降,但塑性应变略有增加。     

Microstructural, thermal and magnetic properties of amorphous/nanocrystalline FeCrMnN alloys prepared by mechanical alloying and subsequent heat treatment

Amorphous FeCrMnN alloys were synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) of the elemental powder mixtures under a nitrogen gas atmosphere. The phase identification and structural properties, morphological evolution, thermal behavior and magnetic properties of the mechanically alloyed powders were evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. According to the results, at the low milling times the structure consists of the nanocrystalline ferrite and austenite phases. By progression of the MA process, the quantity and homogeneity of the amorphous phase increase. At sufficiently high milling times (>120 h), the XRD pattern becomes halo, indicating complete amorphization. The results also show that the amorphous powders exhibit a wide supercooled liquid region. The crystallization of the amorphous phase occurs during the heating cycle in the DSC equipment and the amorphous phase is transformed into the crystalline compounds containing ferrite, CrN and Cr₂N. The magnetic studies reveal that the magnetic coercivity increases and then decreases. Also, the saturation magnetization decreases with the milling time and after the completion of the amorphization process (>120 h), the material shows a paramagnetic behavior. Although the magnetic behavior does not considerably change by heating the amorphous powders up to the crystallization temperature via DSC equipment, the material depicts a considerable saturation magnetization after the transformation of the amorphous phase to the nanocrystalline compounds.     

纳米晶(FeCo)78Nb6B15Cu1合金晶化过程及其磁特性研究

采用熔体快淬法制备(FeCo)78Nb6B15Cu1非晶薄带,通过DSC测试薄带的晶化特性,并据此在400,500,700和750℃进行1h退火处理。用XRD和SEM分析薄带在不同退火温度下的晶化行为,并用VSM测试薄带与粉体的静态磁参数。结果表明:对于固定成分的Hitperm合金,选择合适的退火温度,可控制晶粒大小和晶相比例。由于晶粒表面无序磁矩含量的变化,导致材料比饱和磁化强度发生变化,同时更小的纳米晶粒对降低矫顽力有利。由于淬态引入的微量结晶,薄带存在表面晶化现象,这在一定程度上会恶化材料的静态磁特性。     

放电等离子烧结制备Fe75Zr3Si13B9磁性材料

采用机械合金化技术制备Fe75Zr3Si13B9非晶合金粉体,利用SPS放电等离子烧结技术在不同烧结温度下将非晶合金粉体制备成d20 mm×7 mm的块体非晶纳米晶合金。采用XRD和DSC分析了Fe75Zr3Si13B9非晶合金粉体的相组成、玻璃转变温度Tg、开始晶化温度Tx和晶化峰温度Tp。然后利用XRD、SEM、Gleeble3500、VSM分析不同烧结温度下块体的相转变、微观形貌、力学性能和磁性能。研究表明,在500 MPa的烧结压力下,随着烧结温度的升高,非晶相开始晶化形成非晶纳米晶双相结构,同时,样品的致密度、抗压强度、微观硬度、饱和磁化强度均显著提高。最后在500 MPa的烧结压力和863.15 K的烧结温度下,获得密度6.9325 g/cm3、抗压强度1140.28 MPa、饱和磁化强度1.28 T的非晶纳米晶磁性材料。