Pt/NiO纳米纤维的制备及电导率性能

采用电纺丝法制备了金属铂(Pt)与氧化镍(NiO)复合纳米纤维,并利用XRD、SEM、TEM、半导体分析仪表征了其晶体结构、微观形貌和电导率等性能。结果表明,Pt/NiO纳米纤维具有很高的长径比,表面比较粗糙。加入的氧化镍抑制了串珠的形成,并维持了一维材料连续的结构。Pt/NiO纳米纤维电导率约为5.95×10~2 S/cm,这说明铂纳米颗粒在复合材料中构成了穿插的连续网络。     

介孔碳化钨纳米片的制备与电催化性能

以钨酸钠为前驱体,通过水热自组装合成钨酸纳米片,再将其在氢气/甲烷混合气氛中还原碳化获得碳化钨纳米片。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和氮吸附等手段对样品形貌、晶相、微结构和比表面积进行分析与表征;采用粉末微电极和循环伏安法测试样品的电催化性能。结果表明:样品颗粒为方形片状,长和宽为600~800 nm,厚约90 nm;样品由碳化钨和碳化二钨组成;纳米片由纳米颗粒和孔隙构成;样品的比表面积为31 m2/g,平均孔径为3.5 nm;碳化钨纳米片呈介孔结构,碳化钨纳米片对甲醇电催化氧化具有良好的活性,并具有与铂类似的催化性能。     

MOCVD制备的Pt/C薄膜的结构与性能研究

以乙酰丙酮铂为前驱体,采用金属有机化合物化学气相沉积(MOCVD)法在石英及YSZ基体上制备Pt/C薄膜,研究了Pt/C薄膜的结构和电化学性能.沉积过程中通入一定量的氧气可以大幅降低Pt/C薄膜中的含C量,含C较高的Pt/C薄膜的XRD谱线低而宽,具有非晶态衍射特征.在500℃测量温度下,以Pt/C薄膜为电极的YSZ氧气浓差电池的电动势及电流输出高于传统的Pt电极.     

脉冲电镀Ni-W-P镀层及其耐蚀性（英文）

采用脉冲电镀法在Cu基体上制备Ni-W-P合金镀层,并通过单因素方法探讨电解液pH(1~3)、温度(40~80°C)、平均电流密度(1~7 A/dm~2)及脉冲频率(200~1000 Hz)对沉积速度、镀层结构及耐蚀性能的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和X射线能谱仪对镀层表面微观形貌、结构及元素组成进行分析。在3.5%NaCl(质量分数)溶液及土壤溶液中采用动电位极化曲线及电化学阻抗谱对镀层的耐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明:脉冲电镀Ni-W-P镀层具有良好的耐蚀性能,且脉冲电镀参数对镀层结构及耐蚀性能具有十分重要的影响。最优脉冲电镀Ni-W-P镀层参数如下:pH 2.0、温度60°C、平均电流密度4 A/dm~2、脉冲频率600 Hz。在最优脉冲电沉积参数条件下制备的Ni-W-P合金镀层具有优良的耐腐蚀性能(276.8 k?),其表面致密,无任何明显缺陷。     

Ir改性的Pt-Ru/C催化剂的研究

以H2PtCl6·6H2O和H2IrCl6·6H2O为前驱体,通过化学还原共沉积方法制备了Pt和Ir不同摩尔比的Pt-Ir/C催化剂,同时在Pt-Ru/C催化剂中添加一定量的Ir,得到Pt-Ru-Ir/C催化剂.对样品进行了TEM,XRD和XPS表征并在甲醇、乙醇硫酸溶液中进行了电化学性能(CV、CA)测试.结果表明,在Pt基催化剂中添加合适的Ir后,甲醇、乙醇的电催化氧化性能均明显提高,其中Pt、Ru和Ir的摩尔比为4:4:1的Pt-Ru-Ir/C催化剂对于直接醇类具有最佳的电催化氧化性能.     

沉积温度对NiCrAlY/Ag复合薄膜结构及性能的影响

目的改善GH4169合金的表面性能,制备摩擦学性能优良的复合薄膜。方法采用离子源辅助直流磁控溅射技术制备NiCrAlY/Ag复合薄膜,研究沉积温度分别为60、120、180℃对薄膜结构和性能的影响。利用能谱仪(EDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)进行薄膜元素成分含量、表面形貌、截面形貌、粗糙度和相结构的检测。采用纳米压痕仪、划痕法、球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机对薄膜的硬度、结合力、摩擦磨损性能进行分析。结果 NiCrAlY/Ag复合薄膜的表面致密度、晶粒尺寸以及表面粗糙度随沉积温度的升高而增大,物相组成主要为Ni3Al、Ag和Cr,薄膜的硬度在5.67～6.41GPa之间。复合薄膜的膜/基结合力随沉积温度的增加而降低,其中沉积温度为60℃时的膜基结合力最佳(33.1N),并且在此沉积温度下的复合薄膜具有最佳的室温摩擦学性能,其平均摩擦系数为0.24,磨损率为3.52×10–5 mm3/(N·m),磨损机制为氧化磨损和磨粒磨损。结论沉积温度对NiCrAlY/Ag复合薄膜的结构性能影响显著,当沉积温度为60℃时,薄膜综合性能最好。     

沉积条件对低温各向同性热解炭微观结构的影响

采用不同浓度的丙烷通过准稳态流化床化学气相沉积(FBCVD)工艺在1250~1450℃的沉积温度下产生低温各向同性热解炭(LTIC),利用SEM和TEM研究沉积温度和丙烷浓度对LTIC微观结构的影响。结果表明:沉积温度和丙烷气体浓度对低温各向同性热解炭的形貌结构有较大的影响。随着沉积温度或丙烷气体浓度的升高,各向同性热解炭形貌结构由片层状向类球形颗粒状转变,密度和织构降低,而这些变化与芳香碳平面的弯曲度发生变化有关。增大密度和提高形核率是获得性能优异各向同性热解炭的一个重要途径,沉积温度选择1350℃,丙烷浓度保持在25%~40%之间,所获得的热解炭结构和性能较为优异。     

杂多酸修饰碳载铂钌电极的电催化性能

利用化学还原法合成了PtRu/C催化剂,并通过XRD测试表明铂钌形成了合金相.分别采用磷钼酸和磷钨酸对PtRu/C电极进行了修饰,并用循环伏安曲线和不同电位下的恒电位I-t曲线测试了它们的性能.结果发现:磷钼酸修饰的PtRu/C电极氧化甲醇的电催化活性更高.     

温度及组成对Sn/C锂电池负极材料性能影响的研究

利用高压静电纺丝技术与碳热还原相结合,由聚合物(PAN)与含锡无机盐(SnCl_2)制备复合Sn/C复合纳米纤维材料。对不同配比的纺丝液、不同的热处理温度制备的Sn/C复合材料,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和红外光谱仪(IR)等对其结构及性能进行研究,并以其为负极材料制备锂电池,测试其容量和循环性能。研究表明,在700℃,SnCl_2/PAN的比例为1∶1时获得的Sn/C纳米纤维具有最佳性能,经过20个循环后,其容量仍保持745.9mA·h/g,是第二个循环容量的97.8%。     

微波合成WCx/MWCNTs及其电催化性能研究

目的制备多壁碳纳米管负载碳化钨的纳米复合材料(WC_x/MWCNTs),探索微波加热温度对WC_x/MWCNTs合成的影响规律。方法利用分子自组装技术与微波加热技术相结合,以钨酸钠为W源,制备了WC_x/MWCNTs纳米复合材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜技术(TEM)对不同条件下制得样品的物相组成、结构及微观形貌进行了表征;采用循环伏安法在酸性环境下测试了WC_x/MWCNTs对氢和CH3OH的电催化性能。结果当微波加热温度为1000℃时,制备的WC_x/MWCNTs纳米复合材料由WC、WC2和C组成,碳纳米管的多壁结构保留较好,碳化钨颗粒均匀地分布在碳纳米管外表面,粒径为20~50 nm。循环伏安测试结果表明,制备的WC_x/MWCNTs在酸性环境下对氢具有一定的催化作用,但对甲醇没有明显的电催化作用。结论通过控制合理的微波加热温度,可制备出碳化钨粒径小、分布均匀、碳纳米管多壁结构完好的WC_x/MWCNTs纳米复合材料。制备的WC_x/MWCNTs在酸性环境下对氢具有一定的催化作用,可作为催化剂载体来负载其他金属制备复合催化剂。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

FORMULAS OF TENSION OF CONTINUOUS ROLLING PROCESS

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.     

Bulletin of the Awards in 2013

<正>Five reviewers and 9 published articles are selected as the Excellent Rewewerand Excellent Article in 2013 respectively.Excellent Reviewers:Prof.Z ongyi Ma(Institute of Metal Research,CAS,C hina);Prof.Y ongbo Xu(Institute of Metal Research,CAS,C hina);Prof.Guangping Zhang(Institute of Metal Research,C AS,C hina);Prof.Z hendui Cui(Tianjin University,China);