基于Fisher判别准则的故障分类器核函数参数优化研究

核函数选择及其参数优化对提高支持向量机分类性能是极其重要的.针对支持向量机故障分类器的核参数优化问题,讨论了以Fisher判别准则为目标函数的核函数参数优化的原理,提出了基于Fisher判别准则和固定步长优化算法相结合的核函数参数优化算法.依据该算法实现了故障分类器的核参数优化,并应用于转子试验台不平衡和不对中故障的分类器中.理论分析和实验结果表明,通过这种参数优化算法能够提高分类器的分类性能,并且具有算法简单、优化效率高等优点.     

改进的精细复合多尺度反向加权排列熵在齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用北大核心

针对多尺度加权排列熵(MWPE)的粗粒化处理易造成信息丢失,无法全面提取齿轮箱故障信息的缺陷,提出了基于改进的精细复合多尺度反向加权排列熵(IRCMRWPE)和支持向量机(SVM)的齿轮箱故障诊断方法。引入精细复合多尺度反向加权排列熵,将其粗粒化处理中的平均值替换为最小值来表征数据段信息,以缓解传统粗粒化处理的不足并强化故障特征的质量;将IRCMRWPE作为表征齿轮箱故障状态的特征向量,使用SVM分类器对故障特征进行识别。基于齿轮箱实验数据对所提方法进行了评估,结果表明该方法可准确地识别齿轮箱的不同故障型,相比于基于MRWPE、MRPE和MWPE的方法,能够更有效的提取齿轮箱的故障特征,增强故障识别的可靠性。     

基于多类支持向量机的板形识别方法

提出一种基于多类支持向量机理论的板形识别分类器,通过对冷轧工序中板形仪测得的数据进行预处理,获取所需样本数据。采用“一对多”方法训练多类支持向量机分类器,最后用测试样本对训练出的分类器进行性能测试。仿真结果表明该方法在处理小样本数据时识别率非常高,泛化能力更强,为板形识别提供了新的研究方法。     

LMD和SVM相结合的电机轴承故障诊断研究

为了提高电机轴承故障诊断的准确率,提出了基于粒子群优化的支持向量机(SVM)故障诊断的方法。文章采用局部均值分解(LMD)提取电机轴承振动信号特征作为支持向量机的特征向量;采用粒子群优化算法(PSO)优化支持向量机的核函数参数和惩罚参数,以此建立分类器用于识别电机轴承故障类型。通过仿真实验验证该方法能够有效的识别电机轴承故障状态。     

基于支持向量机的焊缝尺寸预测

焊缝尺寸是决定焊接接头强度及有关性能的重要因素,因此也是焊接质量控制的重要内容.分别以焊接电流、电弧电压以及焊接速度作为输入向量构造样本集,建立CO2焊接焊缝尺寸支持向量机模型,分别运用线性核函数,多项式核函数、高斯径向基核函数以及指数径向基核函数对焊缝熔宽、焊缝熔深以及焊缝余高进行预测.结果表明,采用指数径向基核函数所建立的支持向量机模型可以有效地对焊缝尺寸进行预测,为进一步实现焊缝质量的在线控制提供依据.     

基于EMD-MPE与HMM的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对故障轴承的特征难以提取以及状态识别困难的问题,提出了基于经验模态分解(EMD)-多尺度排列熵(MPE)与隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)的滚动轴承故障识别方法。首先,运用EMD滤波降噪原理对滚动轴承振动信号进行降噪,而后将已降噪的信号进行多尺度排列熵分析并提取不同尺度下排列熵的较大值作为信号特征。最后,将特征信号向量输入已训练好的HMM模型进行故障类型判别。并与支持向量机(SVM)进行比较研究。实验结果表明,基于EMD-MPE与HMM的滚动轴承故障诊断方法对滚动轴承的故障状态能够进行有效地识别。     

基于支持向量机的齿轮故障分类

齿轮是旋转机械中的关键元件。提出了一个基于支持向量机的齿轮多故障分类方法。齿轮状态被划分为正常、齿轮磨损和断齿状态。振动信号的均方根和小波包能量被选作为分类器的特征参数。分类器选用支持向量机（SVM）。SVM具有良好的实用性及多分类能力。实验结果表明：提出的方法能很好地区分齿轮故障。     

基于改进型支持向量机算法的轧机轧制力预测

考虑到基于神经网络算法建立的预测模型虽然具有较好的预测精度,但是神经网络模型需要大量的训练样本,另外会增加模型的复杂程度,研究了一种基于改进型支持向量机的轧机轧制力预测模型,建立基于RBF核函数和多项式核函数的最小二乘支持向量机,并使用协同量子粒子群算法对混合函数的参数进行寻优,以提高预测模型的预测性能。由协同量子粒子群算法优化得到了基于改进型支持向量机的轧机轧制力预测模型中的RBF核函数参数γ值、惩罚系数c值、多项式核函数参数q值和两个核函数的权重a值。通过实例研究表明:使用本文研究的改进型支持向量机的轧制力预测模型预测相对误差在4%～6%之间,多组数据的平均值误差为4. 83%。验证了本文研究的基于改进型支持向量机的轧机轧制力预测模型的可行性。本文研究的预测模型相比其他3种对比模型耗时更长,但是相比之下提高了预测准确率,更具有实际意义。     

基于支持向量机和遗传算法的刀具故障诊断

提出了把支持向量机和遗传算法结合起来,应用于数控机床的刀具故障监测.应用支持向量机的分类步骤,能够有效地解决小样本问题.利用遗传算法对支持向量机所用核函数的参数进行优化,以致在较短的时间内找到全局最优解.这两种方法的结合是数控机床的刀具诊断的行之有效的方法.     

基于特征融合与HPO-RVM的滚动轴承剩余寿命预测

为准确预测轴承的剩余使用寿命,提出基于特征融合与猎食者-猎物优化(HPO)算法优化相关向量机的轴承剩余寿命预测方法。提取时域、频域和时频域特征准确描述轴承的退化状态,利用综合评价指标对提取的特征进行筛选得到敏感特征集;采用核熵成分分析对敏感特征进行自适应融合,得到轴承的退化特征;构建混合核函数作为相关向量机的核函数以提高模型预测性能;最后,利用HPO算法得到混合核函数的参数,将寻优得到的参数用于寿命预测模型的训练。通过对轴承加速退化数据集进行实验,结果表明：所构建的寿命预测模型优于BP、ELM、SVM等模型,构造的混合核函数模型优于高斯核函数模型,采用的优化算法优于粒子群、遗传算法等。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.