铸态ZK60-1.0Er镁合金的热压缩变形行为

采用Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机对ZK60-1.0Er镁合金的热压缩变形行为进行了研究。热压缩参数应变速率?为0.0001,0.001,0.01和1.0 s~(-1);变形温度T为160,260,320和420℃。结果表明:ZK60-1.0Er镁合金的热压缩变形过程主要为动态回复DR和动态再结晶DRX。通过Zener-Hollomon参数建立了ZK60-1.0Er镁合金热压缩本构方程,根据本构方程计算的理论应力值与实际应力值吻合;同时还根据材料动态模型建立了该种合金的热加工图,并且通过对微观组织的观察和分析可知:该种镁合金的热加工图包含低温高应变速率和高温低应变速率2个失稳区域。该种镁合金适宜的热加工区间为:225~420℃,0.01~1.0 s~(-1),在该区域内存在1个功率耗散效率的峰值,η_(max)=45%。稀土相的存在促进了ZK60-1.0Er镁合金的动态再结晶形核,平均变形激活能Q=152.5 k J/mol,该合金的微观变形机制为晶界滑移和晶格自扩散导致的动态回复和动态再结晶。     

ZK60镁合金的热变形流变行为与本构方程

使用Gleeble-1500热模拟机对ZK60镁合金进行应变速率0.001~1s-1,温度523~673K条件下的热压缩实验。分析ZK60镁合金热压缩过程中的真实应力-应变曲线,分别总结变形温度和变形速率对流变过程中峰值应力的影响,建立描述ZK60镁合金高温压缩变形过程中的流变应力本构模型。将该方程导入有限元分析软件中,对ZK60镁合金热压缩过程进行数值模拟,分析热压缩过程中工件内部的等效应力和等效应变场的变化。研究表明:在该实验条件下的ZK60镁合金热压缩的真实应力-应变曲线有明显的动态再结晶特征,在高温下或者低应变速率下,流变应力曲线的峰值应力变小;模拟所得到的应力-应变曲线与热压缩的测应力-应变曲线基本吻合,表明所求ZK60高温流变本构模型可以为ZK60镁合金热加工提供参考依据。     

挤压态ZK60镁合金的热压缩变形行为

为了研究挤压态ZK60镁合金的热变形行为,利用Gleebe-3500热模拟机在变形温度为523~723 K、应变速率为0.01~10 s~(-1)的条件下对挤压态ZK60合金进行了热压缩变形试验。通过真应力-真应变曲线分析了挤压态ZK60合金流变应力与应变速率、变形温度之间的关系,通过引入Z参数建立了挤压态ZK60合金的流变应力本构方程,并观察了其在热压缩过程中的显微组织变化。结果表明:挤压态ZK60合金的真应力-真应变曲线属于动态再结晶型,并且合金的流变应力在高变形温度或低应变速率条件下较低。在变形温度降低或应变速率升高时,动态再结晶晶粒变小,但动态再结晶进行的不充分,再结晶晶粒分布不均匀。通过本构方程计算出挤压态ZK60镁合金的变形激活能Q=122.884 k J/mol,应力指数n=5.096。     

ZK60镁合金热变形过程中的动态再结晶动力学

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机对ZK60镁合金在温度为200～400℃、应变速率为0.001～10s-1、最大变形量为60%的条件下进行恒应变速率高温压缩实验,研究高温变形过程中合金的动态再结晶行为;采用EM模型描述合金的动态回复曲线,以此为基础,得出ZK60合金热压缩过程中的动态再结晶动力学Avrami方程.利用有限元模拟合金热压缩过程中的动态再结晶.结果表明ZK60合金热压缩过程中由于存在动态再结晶的软化作用,流变应力达到峰值后逐渐减小,并最终达到稳态;随着变形量的增加和变形温度的升高,动态再结晶体积分数增加,合金变形更加均匀;随着应变速率的增加,动态再结晶分数有所减小,且.变形也更不均匀.     

铸态AZ80+0.4Ce镁合金的热压缩变形试验研究

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机,在变形温度300℃~420℃、应变速率0.000 5 s-1~0.5 s-1的变形条件下,对铸态AZ80+0.4Ce镁合金进行热压缩试验。试验研究了该合金的高温流动应力变化规律,采用金相显微镜分析了温度、应变速率对微观组织的影响。结果表明:铸态AZ80+0.4Ce镁合金的高温流动应力-应变曲线主要以动态再结晶软化机制为特征,增加变形温度和降低应变速率都会降低材料的流动应力;热压缩温度越高,动态再结晶进行越充分,应变速率越大,动态再结晶晶粒越细。     

ZK60镁合金低挤压比棒材的热压缩变形行为

采用Gleebe-3500热模拟机研究了ZK60镁合金低挤压比棒材(挤压比为15),在变形温度为523~723K、应变速率为0.01~10s~(-1)条件下的热压缩变形行为。分析了应变速率、变形温度对合金流变应力的影响,引入Zenner-Hollomon参数建立了挤压态ZK60镁合金的流变应力本构方程,通过金相观察分析了热压缩过程中的组织演化。结果表明:挤压态ZK60镁合金热变形时的真应力-真应变曲线具有明显的动态再结晶特征;流变应力随着变形速率的提高和变形温度的降低而升高,同时,动态再结晶的晶粒尺寸和体积分数也随之变小;通过本构方程计算,得出在挤压比为15条件下,变形态ZK60镁合金的变形激活能Q为143.025 k J/mol,应力指数n为3.074。     

ZK31-1.5Y镁合金热变形行为及加工图

研究了ZK31-1.5Y镁合金在变形温度为250~450℃、应变速率为0.001~1 s-1条件下的热压缩变形特性,基于动态材料模型建立了热加工图,并结合真应力-真应变曲线确定了该合金在实验条件下的热变形机制及最佳工艺参数。结果表明:ZK31-1.5Y合金的真应力-真应变曲线主要以动态再结晶和动态回复软化机制为特征,峰值应力和稳态应力随变形温度的降低或应变速率的升高显著增加。合金功率耗散图和失稳图中分别包含了3个效率峰值区和1个马鞍形流变失稳区,峰区效率范围为38%~65%,叠加后形成的加工图给出了实验参数范围内热变形时的最优工艺参数,其热变形温度为350~450℃、应变速率为0.1~1 s-1。当应变量由0.1~0.6逐渐增大时对加工图分布规律影响不大。     

Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure of AZ31-1Sm Alloy Compression at Elevated Temperatures

在单向压缩热模拟试验机上对AZ31-1Sm合金在变形温度为300~450℃、应变速率为0.01~1 s-1条件下的热变形行为和微观组织进行研究。结果表明:AZ31-1Sm镁合金在热压缩变形时,流变应力随着应变速率的增大和变形温度的降低而增大;该合金的热压缩流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述,在本实验条件下,AZ31-1Sm镁合金热热变形激活能Q为160.8 k J/mol。AZ31-1Sm易发生动态再结晶,在高变形温度和低应变速率条件下动态再结晶趋势明显,动态再结晶晶粒尺寸随着变形温度的增加和应变速率的降低而增大。     

AZ31-1Sm镁合金高温压缩热变形行为和微观组织研究(英文)

在单向压缩热模拟试验机上对AZ31-1Sm合金在变形温度为300~450℃、应变速率为0.01~1 s-1条件下的热变形行为和微观组织进行研究。结果表明:AZ31-1Sm镁合金在热压缩变形时,流变应力随着应变速率的增大和变形温度的降低而增大;该合金的热压缩流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述,在本实验条件下,AZ31-1Sm镁合金热热变形激活能Q为160.8 k J/mol。AZ31-1Sm易发生动态再结晶,在高变形温度和低应变速率条件下动态再结晶趋势明显,动态再结晶晶粒尺寸随着变形温度的增加和应变速率的降低而增大。     

变形态Ti40合金高温变形行为

在GLEEBLE热模拟试验机上对变形态Ti40合金进行热压缩实验,采用基于Prasad准则的加工图技术,研究变形态Ti40合金在变形温度950℃～1100℃、应变速率0.001s-1～1.0s-1范围内的微观变形机制和流变失稳现象,并优化该合金的高温变形参数。结果表明,失稳区出现在低温、高应变速率区,当变形温度为950℃～1010℃、应变速率0.13s-1～1.0s-1时,失稳区会出现局部流动,在实际热加工时应尽量避开这一参数范围;变形温度950℃～1100℃、应变速率0.001s-1～0.01s-1为较佳的变形参数范围,其变形机制以动态再结晶为主,伴随动态回复,最佳的变形参数位于温度1050℃、应变速率0.001s-1附近,该区域发生了完全动态再结晶;除失稳区和较佳变形区以外的区域,变形机制以动态回复为主,伴随动态再结晶,是可加工的区域。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.