溶剂热法制备FePd纳米颗粒及其性能

以对环境友好的Fe(acac)_3和Pd(acac)_2作为主反应物,PEG-400为还原剂,通过简易的溶剂热法制备了FePd纳米颗粒,并对其磁性能和电催化活性进行了研究。结果表明:合成态的样品中FePd纳米颗粒为fcc相,其磁性能表现为超顺磁性,并对乙醇氧化表现出了一定的电催化活性。经过95%Ar+5%H_2气氛下热处理后,FePd纳米颗粒从fcc相转变为fct相,磁性能转变为硬磁性,内禀矫顽力达到1.8 k Oe,而且样品对乙醇氧化的电催化活性较之热处理前明显提高,峰值电流密度达26.6 m A/mg。     

PVP对FePt纳米颗粒磁性能的影响

以乙酰丙酮铁(Fe(acac)3)和氯铂酸(H2PtCl6·6H2O)作为Fe源和Pt源,硼氢化钠(NaBH4)作为还原剂,PVP作为表面活性剂,通过化学还原法制备出单分散的FePt纳米颗粒,研究PVP对FePt纳米颗粒磁性能的影响。通过X射线衍射(XRD)仪,透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对纳米颗粒进行表征。结果表明:PVP修饰的FePt纳米颗粒为面心立方(fcc)结构,形状近似球形且分散性良好,矫顽力为零,呈超顺磁性。当PVP与Fe(acac)3的比例为7:1时,经600℃热处理保温30min,FePt纳米颗粒从无序的fcc结构转变为有序的fct结构,矫顽力最大,可达5460A·m-1。     

Ag中间层对FePd薄膜结构及磁性能的影响

采用磁控溅射方法在石英玻璃上制备了FePd(93 nm)单层膜和FePd(46.5 nm)/Ag(10 nm)/FePd(46.5 nm)多层膜,并在600℃退火不同时间,通过XRD、VSM对薄膜样品的结构和磁性能进行测量。结果发现:FePd单层膜在600℃退火240 min后有序化转变不明显,300 min后部分有序化,360 min后基本上完全有序化,形成了有序面心四方结构的L1_0-FePd相;当热处理时间为420 min时,有最大的面内矫顽力,约为1670 Oe;Ag中间层对溅射态的FePd薄膜衍射峰的形成有抑制作用,Ag中间层的添加可大幅缩短FePd有序化的时间;样品热处理5 min后就开始有序化,热处理15 min后样品性能即可达到最好,有最大的面内矫顽力2660 Oe,但热处理时间过长会使薄膜磁性能变差。     

热处理对FePt纳米颗粒磁性能的影响

通过多重还原法制备FePt纳米颗粒,并研究不同热处理温度对其磁性能影响.XRD及TEM分析表明:所制备的FePt纳米颗粒为fcc结构,颗粒为类球形且分散性较好,尺寸在5.0 nm左右.DSC及VSM显示,高温退火处理可以使FePt纳米颗粒从无序的fcc相变成有序的fct相,随着温度的升高矫顽力变大,600 ℃时可达240 kA/m,但是在高温区(550 ℃及以上)矫顽力的变化并不明显,这主要是由高温退火过程中纳米颗粒的团聚导致的.     

纳米晶SmCo_(8.9)Si_(0.9)永磁合金相变特征及其磁性能变化研究

首次制备出具有高稳定性的Sm Co_(8.9)Si_(0.9)纳米晶合金,进而系统研究了亚稳相Sm Co_(8.9)Si_(0.9)的相变特征及相应的磁性能变化规律。发现添加元素Si可以有效提高过饱和固溶体亚稳相SmCo_(9.8)的稳定性,随着热处理温度的升高,SmCo_(8.9)Si_(0.9)纳米晶合金由SmCo_(9.8)(H)结构的单相转变为Sm_2Co_(17)(H)和Co(fcc)相,且伴随相变,矫顽力提高。其机理源于析出的细小Co相造成钉扎机制增强。进一步升高热处理温度,Sm_2Co_(17)(H)相转变为Sm_2Co_(17)(R)相,同时晶粒长大明显且晶粒尺寸分布不均匀,导致磁性能下降。     

热处理工艺对共沉淀CoFe2O4纳米颗粒的缺陷和磁性能的影响

通过化学共沉淀法制备了CoFe2O4纳米颗粒,并在不同的温度下进行热处理,研究了不同热处理工艺对CoFe2O4纳米颗粒的缺陷与磁性能的影响.X射线衍射谱(XRD)显示所有样品具有单一的尖晶石铁氧体结构,振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试显示了所有样品典型的铁磁性特征.红外光谱(FT-IR)显示650℃及以下温度热处理的样品存...     

单晶和多重栾晶纳米钯的可见光简易合成及其光学、电学性质

以氯化钯(PdCl2)为金属前驱体,利用简易可见光辅助法制备具有单晶和多重孪晶结构的钯纳米颗粒。结果表明,不同纳米结构的形成取决于还原速率的控制。与多重孪晶结构的钯纳米颗粒不同,单晶钯纳米粒子在可见光区域表现了表面等离子共振吸收峰。纳米钯粒子的电化学性质也采用循环伏安法进行了研究。通过比较单晶和多重孪晶钯纳米粒子氧化过程的电化学参数,表明多重孪晶钯纳米粒子对乙醇有较好的电催化活性和抗中毒能力。     

NiFe_2O_4/SiO_2核壳结构纳米颗粒的制备及性能研究（英文）

采用微乳液法成功合成出以磁性铁氧体(NiFe_2O_4)为内核,以氧化硅(SiO_2)为壳层的纳米颗粒。NiFe_2O_4/SiO_2核壳结构纳米复合材料的形成过程是:将合成出的NiFe_2O_4纳米颗粒均匀分散正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)溶液中,然后对TEOS进行水解并在NiFe_2O_4纳米颗粒表面沉淀,将纳米颗粒分离出并进行后续热处理。通过XRD、IR、SEM、TEM等测试手段对纳米颗粒样品的显微组织结构进行了相应分析和观察。研究发现,纳米颗粒具有NiFe_2O_4/SiO_2核壳结构,其晶粒的平均直径大约为40 nm。采用振动样晶磁强计测试样品磁性能可发现纳米颗粒表现出典型的超顺磁性,其饱和磁化强度为12.97 emu·g~(-1)     

介孔碳化钨纳米片的制备与电催化性能

以钨酸钠为前驱体,通过水热自组装合成钨酸纳米片,再将其在氢气/甲烷混合气氛中还原碳化获得碳化钨纳米片。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和氮吸附等手段对样品形貌、晶相、微结构和比表面积进行分析与表征;采用粉末微电极和循环伏安法测试样品的电催化性能。结果表明:样品颗粒为方形片状,长和宽为600~800 nm,厚约90 nm;样品由碳化钨和碳化二钨组成;纳米片由纳米颗粒和孔隙构成;样品的比表面积为31 m2/g,平均孔径为3.5 nm;碳化钨纳米片呈介孔结构,碳化钨纳米片对甲醇电催化氧化具有良好的活性,并具有与铂类似的催化性能。     

单晶和多重孪晶钯纳米粒子的可见光简易合成及其光、电性能（英文）

以氯化钯(PdCl_2)为金属前驱体,利用简易可见光辅助法制备具有单晶和多重孪晶结构的钯纳米颗粒。借助高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM),可见分光光度计以及循环伏安法研究了钯纳米粒子纳米结构和电化学性质。结果表明,不同纳米结构的形成取决于还原速率的控制。与多重孪晶结构的钯纳米颗粒不同,单晶钯纳米粒子在可见光区域表现了表面等离子共振吸收峰。通过比较单晶和多重孪晶钯纳米粒子氧化过程的电化学参数,表明多重孪晶钯纳米粒子对乙醇有较好的电催化活性和抗中毒能力。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.