热处理对含钌涂层钛阴极组织性能的影响

以三氯化钌为源物质,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了Ru氧化物涂层钛阴极。通过XRD,SEM,电化学方法,研究了不同热处理条件对涂层的组织结构,表面形貌及其对涂层的析氢活性的影响。结果表明,采用450℃热处理1 h可获得最佳的组织结构与析氢活性。该涂层中不含金属钌,表面形貌较好,析氢电催化活性最高。     

Ru-Mn氧化物涂层钛阴极的制备及其析氢性能

以三氯化钌、二氯化锰和柠檬酸为源物质,正丁醇为溶剂,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了钌锰二元氧化物涂层钛阴极.通过XRD、SEM、电化学方法,研究了涂层的表面形貌,组织结构及其对涂层的析氢电催化活性的影响.结果表明,在涂层中,钌和锰组元分别以金红石相的RuO_2和尖晶石相的Mn_2O_3的形式存在,Mn_2O_3能有效提高涂层的析氢电催化活性.     

磺基水杨酸对镍硫合金涂层结构及电化学性能的影响

以硫脲为硫源、磺基水杨酸为改性剂,采用改进的Watt浴体系电沉积制备镍-硫合金涂层电极,用SEM观察涂层表面形貌,XRD分析涂层结构与相组成,电化学测试方法分析涂层的电化学行为.结果表明,磺基水杨酸在电沉积过程中既促进了晶核的形成,又阻碍了晶粒的长大,导致Ni-S沉积层的晶粒细化、非晶态化程度和硫含量的提高.所制备的Ni-S合金涂层具有较好的附着力,用于碱性水电解时有较高的析氢活性.当镀液中磺基水杨酸浓度为5 g/L时,Ni-S合金镀层附着力增大至19 MPa,析氢过电位降低约13 mV.     

混合电容器多孔氧化钌阴极涂层的制备与表征

采用电沉积方法制备了混合电容器钽基多孔氧化钌阴极涂层材料,探讨了电沉积过程中电沉积液的pH值随电沉积时间的变化关系,研究了电沉积时间对氧化钌沉积质量的影响.用X射线衍射和扫描电镜分别表征了热处理前后的涂层结构及涂层的多孔形貌,用循环伏安法测量了涂层的电容,并研究了热处理温度对电容量大小及其稳定性的影响.结果表明:电沉积的氧化钌为非晶态,涂层为纳米多孔结构;热处理有利于涂层孔隙结构及大小的均匀性,不同温度的热处理使涂层具有不同的电容,经热处理后涂层的电容稳定;经100℃热处理1 h后的多孔氧化钌涂层具有最大的比电容.     

镍硫钴析氢电极的制备及性能研究

采用电沉积方法制备Ni-S-Co合金电极,通过正交实验和极化曲线测试研究了CoSO4·7H2O浓度、电流密度、电镀液温度、电沉积时间和电解液温度对Ni-S-Co电极析氢性能的影响.采用SEM,XRD和EDXA对镀层的形貌、结构和组成进行观察和分析.实验结果表明:制备具有最佳析氢活性的Ni-S-Co电极的工艺条件是25 ...     

Ni-La-P合金电镀及其析氢电催化性能研究

用正交实验研究了Ni-La-P电沉积的最佳工艺条件，以此合金作阴极测得析氢阴极极化曲线，结果表明，合金电极上析氢速率比Ni电极上约大10倍，析氢电势正移300～400mV，显示出含稀土La的镍基合金具有较高的析氢电催化活性。根据XPS谱图讨论了析氢电催化的机理。     

铱钽涂层钛阳极的制备工艺研究

本文参考了大量的有关文献,结合部分实验,从制备工艺角度较详细地总结了近年来国内外对铱钽涂层析氧金属阳极的研究情况,分析了制备过程中工艺参数的选择问题。其中包括铱钽涂层的制备方法、涂液配制、烧结温度和贵金属被覆量等。     

铱钽涂层钛阳极的制备工艺研究

本文参考了大量的有关文献，结合部分实验，从制备工艺角度较详细地总结了近年来国内外对铱钽涂层析氧金属阳极的研究情况，分析了制备过程中工艺参数的选择问题。其中包括铱钽涂层的制备方法、涂液配制、烧结温度和贵金属被覆量等。     

Mo含量对Raney Ni—Mo活性阴极析氢过电位的影响

利用喷涂技术在Raney Ni-Mo活性阴极的基础上研制出了RaneyNi-Mo活性阴极,该阴极的析氢过电位比Raney Ni低,电化学特性比Raney Ni稳定.Raney Ni-Mo中的Mo含量不同,其析氢过电位不同,Mo含量存在一个最佳值,此值与Raney Ni合金中Ni/Al比有关,而与涂层厚度无关.     

钛基热氧化对钛阳极组织与性能的影响

将工业纯钛TA1在400～800 ℃热氧化1 h,然后用热分解方法制备RuO230%-TiO270%涂层.通过XRD、SEM分析了热氧化处理后钛基体及所制备电极的组织结构和形貌特征,采用极化曲线和循环伏安两种方法评定电极的电催化性能,用强化测试研究了这几种电极的稳定性.结果表明,随着热氧化温度的升高,基体表面的组织结构和形貌会发生变化;对应于制备的电极的电催化活性和稳定性也发生明显的变化,600 ℃以下热氧化基体制备的电极各项性能较好,500 ℃是最好的热氧化温度,制备的电极电催化活性和稳定性最好.     

Laser-enhanced electrodeposition of nickel coatings

Optimal conditions for a laser-enhanced electrodeposition of nickel coatings have been specified. Comparative results of structure and mechanical properties of electrically deposited nickel coatings produced by a laser-enhanced galvanostatic method and without laser emission were analysed. It was found that laser medium wave IR radiation has a local thermal effect on the process of electrodeposition and stimulates formation of a nickel coating structure which is of a more equilibrium state, less defective and has reduced internal stress in the area of local laser heating. Studies of plating rate showed a 1.4 times increase for nickel coatings in conditions of laser-enhanced electrodeposition due to reduction of common cathode overpotentional and increase of cathode metal efficiency, that involves generation of a more coarse microcrystal structure. Results of studies of the laser radiation effect on structure and properties of nickel coatings show potential for increased adhesion of electrodeposited coatings with a copper substrate.     

The Plating of Castings

Sound, adherent deposits of copper-nickel alloys may be produced from solutions containing copper and nickel sulphates and trisodium citrate. The composition of the deposit is dependent on both the composition of the solution and the cathode current density, but is not markedly affected by variations in temperature or by agitation of the solution. In solutions containing a small proportion of chloride the anode efficiency is substantially 100%, but the cathode efficiency varies from 50% to 80%, depending on electrolyte composition, temperature, and current density. The hardness and contractile stress of an alloy deposit containing 55 copper/45 nickel is somewhat greater than that of nickel deposited from a Watts solution. Preliminary throwing-power measurements have indicated that the solution is capable of very uniform metal distribution.     

电解铜箔用钛焊接阴极辊焊缝均晶化处理工艺研究

为了解决用生产工序少、成本低的钛焊接阴极辊电解生产铜箔出现的周期性色差问题,对钛焊接阴极辊焊缝施加变形量为55%～60%,60%～70%,70%～80%的加工变形,变形后在T1,T2,T3温度下进行热处理,最终在金相显微镜下观察母材及焊缝的显微组织,评定组织的晶粒等级。结果表明,经60%～70%和70%～80%加工变形后,再在T1,T2,T3温度下进行热处理均可明显改善焊缝的粗大组织,其中7号工艺方案(60%～70%加工变形,T3温度热处理)可使焊缝组织与母材组织最接近,晶粒度仅相差0.5级。用于生产电解铜箔,铜箔无周期性色差。     

Al含量对Ti1-xAlxN涂层组织结构、力学性能和铣削性能的影响

目的研究不同Al含量对Ti_(1-x)Al_xN涂层的影响,以获得铣削铸铁材料性能最佳的Ti AlN涂层。方法采用阴极电弧蒸发沉积法在WC-Co硬质合金表面制备两种不同Al含量的Ti_(0.5)Al_(0.5)N和Ti_(0.33)Al_(0.67)N涂层,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电子探针微区分析仪(EPMA)分析合金的微观组织和成分组成,通过CSM纳米硬度计和纳米划痕仪测定涂层的纳米硬度、弹性模量、抗塑性变形因子、显微硬度耗散系数MDP和划痕裂纹扩展阻力CPRs等性能指标,同时比较不同Al含量涂层刀片在铣削灰口铸铁HT250和球墨铸铁QT450时的性能和磨损机理。结果 Ti_(0.5)Al_(0.5)N和Ti_(0.33)Al_(0.67)N涂层主要物相均呈NaCl型面心立方结构,以(200)方向为择优取向,且高铝涂层的XRD衍射峰向高角度偏移量大于中铝涂层,说明高铝涂层具有更高的铝固溶量。与Ti_(0.5)Al_(0.5)N涂层相比,Ti_(0.33)Al_(0.67)N涂层的抗塑性变形因子较小,MDP和CPRs较大,表现出更优的塑性、韧性和膜基结合力。在铣削HT250和QT450时,Ti_(0.33)Al_(0.67)N涂层刀片的平均寿命分别为30、60 min,相比Ti_(0.5)Al_(0.5)N涂层,切削性能更好。结论对于Ti AlN涂层来说,提高Al的质量分数至67%可以获得更优的塑性、韧性和膜基结合力,在铣削HT250和QT450时,Ti_(0.33)Al_(0.67)N涂层刀片的切削性能较优。     

表面包覆Co（OH）2和Er（OH）3的球形Ni（OH）2的高温性能

利用化学沉淀法在球形Ni(OH)2表面复合包覆Co(OH)2和Er(OH)3,利用XRD、SEM和恒电流充放电技术测试其结构、表面微观形貌和充放电性能。研究不同包覆量对其常温和高温性能的影响,确定最佳包覆比为1%(质量分数)。循环伏安测试结果表明:包覆Er(OH)3的球形Ni(OH)2可以有效提高镍正极在高温环境下的析氧副反应电位,从而抑制析氧副反应的发生,最终提高镍电极在高温环境下的充电效率和活性物质利用率。     

热化学反应法制备耐海水腐蚀陶瓷涂层及机理分析

为了提高铝合金的耐海水腐蚀性能,采用热化学反应法在其表面制备陶瓷涂层,确定了料浆组分的最佳配比,通过SEM,XRD,3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液和真实海水浸泡实验等手段研究了涂层的表面形貌、相组成及耐腐蚀性能.此外,还分析了热化学反应法制备陶瓷涂层的机理.结果表明:所得陶瓷涂层均匀、致密,为复相陶瓷结构,与金属表面主要是化学结合,能有效延长铝合金在海水中的使用寿命.     

Electroless Ni-P plating on Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr magnesium alloy with a new pretreatment process

A new pretreatment process for electroless Ni-P plating on Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr was investigated in this paper. The morphology, component, chemical composition and structure of the pretreatment layers and Ni-P coating were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The structure of Ni-P coating was also detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Potentiodynamic polarization analysis and salt spray test were used to test the corrosion resistance of the Ni-P coating. Experimental results indicate that: metal Cr generated in the new pretreatment process, which provided active points for later zinc immersion process, was beneficial to nickel deposition. The subsequent Ni-P coating was amorphous, in which the content of P was 9.43 wt.%. It was uniform and its thickness reached about 50 μm at 2 h deposition. Compared to Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr alloy substrate, the corrosion potential of the coated alloy shifted by 1090 mV positively and the corrosion current density decreased one order of magnitude in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The salt spray test time of Ni-P coating was 210 h. All of these results suggest that the electroless nickel plating procedure researched in this paper is suitable for Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr alloy.     

镍铝材料状态对火焰喷涂层组织结构和性能的影响

针对煤矿机械液压支柱热喷涂修复中涂层结合强度低的实际,研究了在27SiMn钢基体上火焰喷涂新研制的镍铝合金丝制备镍铝涂层,并与火焰喷涂镍包铝粉末、镍铝复合丝制备的镍铝涂层在组织结构、表面形貌、结合强度等方面进行了比较分析.结果表明,镍铝合金丝制备的涂层与基体之间主要为冶金结合,结合强度比镍包铝粉末涂层提高46.8％,比镍铝复合丝涂层提高8％,涂层组织结构致密,气孔率低、质杂少.     

Corrosion behavior of Zn and Ni coated carbon steels in 3% NaCl

Corrosion behavior of electrolytic coated carbon steel in 3% NaCl solution was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization, lineer polarization resistance, chronoamperometry, open circuit potential as a function of time and impedance (EIS) measurements. Zn and Ni coated carbon steel surfaces immersed into 3% NaCl solution during 1, 5 and 10 days were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the experimental results, nickel coated carbon steel corrosion resistance was higher than that of Zn coating. Accordingly, the corrosion rate of nickel coated carbon steel decreased by 89.6% compared to the zinc coating.     

影响空心玻璃微珠化学镀镍均匀性的因素

对外形规整的玻璃微珠进行化学镀镍,通过扫描电子显微镜观察,研究了影响粉末化学镀镍层形貌和均匀性的因素.结果表明:适量的稳定剂和较低的镀覆温度有利于形成致密的镀层,并能减少粉末中游离金属的量;pH值过低使镀层的致密度下降,过高导致镀液不稳定,产生游离金属.气体搅拌和机械搅拌可明显改善镀层均匀性,气体搅拌的效果优于机械搅拌.