氧化铜纳米棒/氧化石墨烯的制备及催化性能测试

氧化铜纳米棒/氧化石墨烯（CuO-NRs/GO）新型复合材料通过在氧化铜纳米棒上静电吸附氧化石墨烯而制备出来。通过XRD、TEM、SEM以及FT-IR对其结构和形貌进行了表征,并研究了其在超声条件下对罗丹明B的催化降解性能。结果表明：CuO-NRs/GO对罗丹明B有很好的催化降解性能。     

石墨烯/银纳米复合材料的制备及抗菌性能研究

采用改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨(GO),加入一定量的聚乙烯亚胺和硝酸银(PEI-Ag+)配位复合物,通过自组装法组装,利用硼氢化钠的还原性,制备石墨烯/银纳米复合材料。用紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、循环伏安法(CV)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)等手段对所制备的石墨烯/银纳米复合材料进行表征。以金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌为模型对纳米复合材料的抗菌性能进行研究。结果表明:银纳米粒子负载在石墨烯表面形成石墨烯/银纳米复合物材料,石墨烯/银纳米复合材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌生长具有较好的抑制作用,且抗菌性能稳定。当石墨烯/银纳米复合材料浓度为4和15 mg/m L时,分别对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果好。     

聚吡咯/氧化铜纳米管的制备及其催化性能研究

聚吡咯/氧化铜纳米管(PPy/CuO-NTs)新型复合材料通过在氧化铜纳米管上原位聚合单体吡咯,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂、赖氨酸为表面修饰剂制备出来。通过FT-IR、XRD、SEM、TEM以及TGA对其结构和形貌进行了表征,并研究了其在超声条件下对罗丹明B的催化降解作用。结果表明:PPy/CuO-NTs对罗丹明B有很好的催化降解性能。     

石墨烯片/聚吡咯复合材料的制备与防护性能

利用改进的Hummers法制得了氧化石墨烯(GO)并还原得到石墨烯片(RGOS);采用乳液聚合法制取了石墨烯片/聚吡咯复合材料(RGOS/PPy)。用拉曼光谱(Raman)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱(FT-IR)等分析手段对石墨烯及其复合材料进行表征。力学性能测试结果表明,一定量的石墨烯复合材料能够大大增强环氧树脂涂层的冲击强度(267%)和硬度(24.2%)。电化学测试结果表明,石墨烯/聚吡咯复合材料-环氧树脂涂层的防护性能要比单独的环氧树脂涂层更好。     

石墨烯/铜复合材料的制备与摩擦性能测试

以化学镀结合粉末冶金法制备石墨烯/铜基复合材料(Cu@r GO/Cu)。为了改善石墨烯(r GO)在铜基体中的分散性以及两者之间的可润湿程度,首先采用化学镀工艺制备镀铜石墨烯(Cu@r GO),并通过SEM和XRD对镀层形貌和物相组成进行检测分析。为了检验Cu@r GO/Cu复合材料的摩擦性能,对Cu@r GO/Cu复合材料摩擦性质进行测试。结果表明:Cu@r GO表面均匀镀覆一层铜并附着粒径约为50 nm的纳米铜颗粒,rGO的褶皱结构以及化学镀的预处理过程有利于纳米铜颗粒长大。呈网状结构的镀铜rGO可以很好的释放掉因摩擦而产生的应力集中,形成C—Cu力转移体系,保护摩擦表面;同时散落在r GO表面的纳米铜颗粒,在摩擦过程中类似于许多"滚动轴承",有效地改善复合材料的摩擦性能。     

石墨烯/SnO2/Cu复合材料微观组织及性能研究

采用微波水热合成法对石墨烯进行表面改性,形成石墨烯/SnO2纳米复合物;将其用于粉末冶金法制备石墨烯/SnO2/Cu复合材料。采用多种分析测试手段对复合材料的微观组织及性能进行研究。结果表明,石墨烯表面吸附的SnO2纳米颗粒不会在复合材料制备过程中脱落,并可有效抑制石墨烯团聚,提高复合材料的致密度、硬度和热导率等性能。本文制备的石墨烯/SnO2/Cu复合材料致密度为91.0%,硬度为166HBW,热导率139W/(m℃),远高于Graphene/Cu复合材料。Graphene/SnO2/Cu复合材料中,界面结合良好,无开裂和界面反应;基体Cu中的刃型位错、形变孪晶以及石墨烯表面的SnO2纳米颗粒,是导致复合材料电导率下降的主要原因。     

聚苯胺纳米线复合材料的制备与储能性分析

针对软、硬模板法制备纳米线的缺陷,提出一种步骤简单、快速且低成本的方法来获得直径均匀的PANI纳米线复合材料,并对所制备出的PANI纳米线复合材料进行表征和电化学性能研究。首先,采用阳极氧化剥离法,分别在硝酸体系、磷酸还原体系及硫酸体系中对表面光滑的石墨板进行电化学剥离处理。随后,在经过电化学剥离后的粗糙石墨表面上进行电聚合,从而得到PANI纳米线复合材料。表征分析发现,经电化学剥离处理的石墨纸表面分别生成具有大量活性点的石墨烯和氧化石墨烯,与PANI结合显著提高了PANI的导电性。其中硝酸体系制备的聚苯胺复合材料(PANI/GO)微观为纳米线组成的三维网状结构;磷酸还原体系制备的聚苯胺复合材料(PANI/GR1)微观是纳米线和纳米片层混合结构;硫酸体系制备的聚苯胺复合材料(PANI/GR2)的微观结构介于二者之间。以镁合金和上述三种PANI复合材料为电极,制备出简易的海水电池。使其在电流密度为3.75 m A·cm^-2下放电至0.9 V时止。三种电池的比能量分别为540、228和363 m Wh·g^-1,结果表明PANI/GO的储能性最优。...     

不锈钢表面聚苯胺纳米纤维/改性氧化石墨烯/水性环氧复合涂层的制备与防护性能研究

在氧化石墨烯纳米片(GO)改性的基础上,于非盐酸介质中采用原位共聚法合成了聚苯胺纳米纤维/改性氧化石墨烯复合材料(PANI-F/CTGO),将其作为防腐增效组分引入到水性环氧聚合物乳液(WEP)中构建复合涂料。采用电化学方法和盐雾实验研究了涂料在加速腐蚀条件下对不锈钢的腐蚀防护作用,对腐蚀产物结构进行了分析。复合材料中PANI-F与CTGO的化学键接提高了PANI-F/CTGO在环氧乳液中的分散性和相容性。非盐酸介质条件下制备的PANI纳米纤维没有腐蚀介质盐酸的引入,在涂层中能发挥出更好的耐蚀性;PANI-F/CTGO/WEP涂层具有较高的开路电位(OCP)值和阻抗模,耐盐雾时间达到720 h,显示了优异的防腐性能,这主要是PANI-F/CTGO的主动钝化与物理阻隔协同作用的结果。     

Ag2S/rGO纳米复合材料的细菌还原制备及光电性能研究

以一种革兰氏阴性菌(S. oneidensis MR-1)为生物还原剂,Na2S2O3为电子受体,在氧化石墨烯(GO)表面原位合成了Ag2S/rGO纳米复合材料,对其进行了表征和光电性能测试。结果表明,细菌还原得到粒径约10 nm的Ag2S纳米粒子,均匀分布在还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)上;光电性能测试表明,与纯Ag2S相比,Ag2S/rGO纳米复合材料电极的光电流密度约提高了3倍,光生电子-空穴对的分离效率更高,表现出更加优异的光电化学性能。     

不锈钢表面聚苯胺基复合涂层的制备与防腐蚀性能研究

目的 制备一种新型复合防腐涂层,增强316L不锈钢在中高温硫酸溶液中的耐蚀性.方法 首先使用化学氧化法在石墨(G)颗粒表面原位聚合聚苯胺(PANI),制得PANI/G复合材料,再使用环氧树脂(EP)作为粘结剂,制备PANI/G/EP复合涂层.对比了PANI/G/EP复合涂层与PANI/EP复合涂层及添加氧化石墨烯(GO...     

飞机结构铝合金PPy/rGO复合镀层及其防腐蚀性能

为研究氧化石墨烯（GO）与聚吡咯（PPy）复合镀层的防腐性能,采用恒电位法在铝合金片上电化学聚合吡咯单体,形成PPy镀层,再在PPy镀层表面电镀GO形成聚吡咯/还原氧化石墨烯（PPy/rGO）复合镀层。采用SEM、Raman以及FTIR对镀层的微观形貌与结构成分进行表征,采用接触角测量仪测试镀层的疏水性能,通过极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）分析镀层的防腐蚀性能。结果表明：PPy/rGO复合镀层表面的rGO镀层覆盖PPy镀层表面的针孔、凹槽等缺陷,使复合镀层表面光滑、平整,屏蔽性能增强;疏水性能也得到提高。PPy/rGO复合镀层腐蚀电流密度比PPy镀层、铝合金小,表明其腐蚀速率低。PPy/rGO复合镀层比PPy镀层与铝合金拥有更大的阻抗弧,说明PPy/rGO复合镀层对溶液中电解质离子有更强的阻碍作用。铝合金和PPy镀层出现不同程度的腐蚀现象,而PPy/rGO复合镀层并未发生明显的腐蚀现象,说明PPy/rGO复合镀层防腐蚀性能更好。     

Electrospinning PVDF/PPy/MWCNTs conducting composites

Conducting PVDF/PPy composites (PPy composites) were prepared by using the highly porous electrospun (e-spun) nonwoven web as a host polymer. E-spun nonwoven web was made by electrospinning a solution of PVDF and CuCl₂·2H₂O in solvent of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The PPy composites were fabricated by exposing a nonwoven web containing oxidant to pyrrole vapors. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis was conducted to show the microstructure of the nonwoven webs and the uniform coating of PPy on the e-spun fiber surfaces of the PPy composite. The information of PPy on the e-spun fibers surface was confirmed by attenuated Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (ATR FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). The thermal property of PPy composites was also investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The electrical conductivity of the PPy composites was affected by the fabrication method and oxidant content in the nonwoven web. The electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of the PPy composites were improved when surface-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were added to the e-spun fibers. Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM) results confirmed that the MWCNTs were well arranged and embedded in the e-spun fibers. The observed conductivity of the conducting PPy-MWCNTs composite was 10^?1 S/cm.     

间苯二胺-氧化石墨烯/有机涂层的制备及防腐性能研究

针对有机涂层中氧化石墨烯(GO)分散性差、与树脂相容性不好的问题,本工作选择间苯二胺作为"桥接物质",利用其分子上的两个胺基与GO和环氧树脂的环氧基团分别键合,从而改善GO与环氧树脂间的相容性。同时,利用间苯二胺的空间位阻效应有效改善了GO的团聚问题,提高在环氧树脂中的分散性。采用化学接枝法得到间苯二胺表面改性的GO(M-GO),并制备了M-GO与环氧树脂E-44复合涂料(EP/M-GO)。结果表明,间苯二胺的胺基能够成功与GO表面的环氧基团键合,且在透射电镜下可以观察到M-GO呈现出少量片层的状态,团聚现象明显改善。另一方面,涂层截面形貌表明M-GO与基料树脂之间结合良好。复合涂料在12 d的盐雾实验后仍然能够为金属基底提供保护,且浸泡1000 h后的阻抗模值(|Z|0.01 Hz)仍可达109数量级,防腐性能明显提高。     

Preparation and characterization of visible light-driven AgCl/PPy photocatalyst

Visible light photoactive AgCl/polypyrrole (PPy) composites were prepared via the reaction between excessive Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ ions in the presence of PPy_. The AgCl/PPy composites were systematically characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Thermal gravity analysis (TGA). It was found that face-centered cubic AgCl nanocrystallite and 0.2 wt% PPy component existed in the composite and spherical AgCl/PPy nanoparticles were in the range of 200-600 nm. The AgCl/PPy composites showed higher visible light-driven photocatalytic activity and stability than that of AgCl. A photoreduction mechanism was postulated for AgCl/PPy photocatalyst on dye methyl orange (MO). The used AgCl/PPy photocatalyst was facilely regenerated by an oxidation process in aqueous FeCl₃ solution.     

The preparation and properties of sodium and organomodified-montmorillonite/polypyrrole composites: A comparative study

Two montmorillonites, an inorganic sodium montmorillonite (NaMMT) and an organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT), were used for the preparation of montmorillonite/polypyrrole (MMT/PPy) composites. MMT particles were modified by the in situ polymerization of pyrrole in water, in aqueous solution of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) used as anionic surfactant, and in water/methanol. Ferric chloride was used as oxidant in each case. Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) measurements proved the intercalation of PPy into the galleries of NaMMT regardless the reaction media. In contrast, for OMMT/PPy composites, the increase of interlayer spacing depends on the preparation conditions, the highest increase in interlayer spacing was achieved in water/DBSA solution. The WAXS patterns of OMMT/PPy composites synthesized in methanol/water showed no change in interlayer spacing and the electrical conductivity of these composites was low, similar to that of NaMMT/PPy composites prepared under the same conditions. Conductivity about 1.1 S cm⁻¹ was reached for OMMT/PPy composites containing 13.3 wt% PPy prepared in the presence of DBSA. The NaMMT/PPy composite containing 15.6 wt% PPy and prepared under the same conditions showed a conductivity of 0.26 S cm⁻¹. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) proved that the surface of NaMMT/PPy composites is rich in MMT, whereas more PPy was found on the surface of OMMT/PPy composites. The conductivity of composites correlated with the N/Si atomic ratio determined from XPS results, which was taken as a semi-quantitative measure of the PPy surface fraction.     

氨基链修饰氧化石墨烯/环氧树脂界面性能的分子动力学模拟

目的对氨基链修饰氧化石墨烯与DGEBA/3,3′-DDS环氧树脂复合材料界面的形成过程和性能进行理论研究,为环氧树脂涂层的性能改性提供理论依据。方法利用Materials Studio 2019软件的Amorphous Cell模块建立了复合材料界面模型,采用分子动力学模拟方法对界面的结构、能量变化、界面处基团运动过程、界面处浓度分布和界面结合能进行计算,确立了表面氨基链修饰氧化石墨烯与环氧树脂复合材料界面的形成机制。结果复合材料界面的温度和能量经过初始模拟阶段(t<50 ps)后在小范围内震荡,体系处于动力学平衡状态。界面的形成过程经历了竖直方向的靠近运动、小范围内的震荡平衡和层间相互切向运动3个阶段,主要是氧化石墨烯表面的羧基和环氧树脂内部包含反应碳原子的分子链段之间相互作用。表面氨基链修饰氧化石墨烯浓度峰呈单一的峰,环氧树脂浓度峰含有多个峰值,界面厚度为0.82 nm。界面间的相互作用主要体现为氧化石墨烯表面官能团与环氧树脂分子间存在的范德华力,计算得界面作用能为27.596 kcal/mol。结论表面氨基链修饰氧化石墨烯表面羧基与环氧树脂间相互作用的强弱决定了界面性能的优劣,从而直接影响复合材料的力学性能。分子动力学模拟可作为环氧树脂涂层改性研究行之有效的方法,为改性增强剂的选择提供理论依据。     

Preparation of polypyrrole/sulfonated-poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) conducting composites and their electrical properties

The conducting composites were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization using pyrrole and poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) or sulfonated-poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (SPPO) in chloroform. The pyrrole was protonated and polymerized using iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃). The electrical conductivities of PPy/SPPO composites were increased up to 1 order with the amount of PPy compared to PPy/PPO composites. The introduction of sulfuric group to PPO results in the Coulombic interaction between each phase of composites. As a result, the electrical conductivities might be increased due to the effect of miscibility between each phase. The electrical conductivity of PPy/SPPO composite was increased up to 2.14 S/cm with amount of 25 wt.% PPy. The performance of charge–discharge of PPy/SPPO electrode was much higher than that of PPy/PVdF electrode because SPPO act as a dopant as well as a binder.     

Chemical in situ polymerization of polypyrrole on bacterial cellulose nanofibers

Conducting porous nanofibrous composite membranes of bacterial cellulose (BC) and polypyrrole (PPy) were prepared through in situ oxidative chemical polymerization of pyrrole (Py) on the surface of synthetized BC nanofibers by using FeCl₃ as oxidant agent. The influence of polymerization conditions on electrical conductivity, morphological and thermal stability of the BC/PPy composites was investigated. The amount of PPy deposited on the BC nanofibers increased with increasing the monomer concentration and reaction time while the electrical resistivity of the composites decreased due to the formation of a continuous layer that coated the nanofiber surface. Fourier transform infrared (attenuated total reflectance mode) spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) of the composites revealed strong interaction between PPy and BC, as characterized by a blue-shift of C–N band of PPy towards pure PPy with increasing Py concentration. BC/PPy composites showed higher thermal stability than BC membrane due to the protective effect of the conducting polymer coating. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the composites revealed that PPy consisted of particles of mean size of 35 nm that form a continuous coating that fully encapsulates the BC nanofibers. The material properties obtained by the method described in this work for the BC/PPy composites open interesting possibilities for novel applications of electrically conducting bio-based composites, particularly those that may exploit the biocompatible nature of the BC/PPy membranous composite.