储氢材料性能测试装置设计及应用

通过对储氢材料储氢过程特点的分析，自行设计安装了一套测量储氢材料储氢性能的装置。利用该装置在恒容条件测试具有不同初始氢气压力的吸氢动力学曲线，以双排水法测试放氢动力学曲线，并可通过合适的步骤，测得储氢材料的PCT曲线。用该装置对机械球磨获得的镁基储氢材料(Mg-Ni-MnO2)进行储氢性能测试。结果表明：该测试装置设计合理，测试过程可靠；由机械球磨获得的镁基储氢材料的吸放氢动力学性能优异，其PCT曲线表明其吸放氢的滞后性小，在吸放氢循环过程中能量损失小。     

专利名称：1种镁基储氢材料及其机械合金化法制备方法

1种镁基储氢材料及其机械合金化法制备镁基储氢材料的方法。该镁基储氢材料的的化学组分为La2-xMxMg17，其中M选自Cu，Al，Ni，Fe，Co，Mn，V，Cr，Zn，Ca，Sn等，0〈x〈2。该机械合金化法制备镁基储氢材料的方法包括下述步骤：①采用传统的熔炼法制备合金La2-xMx；②将La2-xMx合金和Mg金属粉末在氢气或氩气气氛下采用高能球磨机进行球磨。球磨过程在0-3～20．0MPa的氢气保护下进行，使材料制备和氢化过程合并一次完成。     

机械合金化直接合成镁基复合储氢材料研究

通过在3．0．MPa氢气气氛下球磨Mg-30％LaNi2(质量分数)的混合粉末，制得镁基复合储氢材料。X射线衍射分析表明，球磨80h后的物相组成为MgH2，Mg2NiH4和LaH3，表明球磨过程中发生固态反应；SEM及EDS分析表明，复合体系中成分分布均匀：该复合储氢材料具有较高的活性和储氢量，在3．0MPa氢气压力和473K～553K之间的条件下，可以在1min之内完成饱和吸氢量的80％以上；在553K时储氢量达到5．419％(质量分数)。     

机械球磨法添加Ag对ZK60储氢性能的影响

采用ECAP细化ZK60合金晶粒,再通过机械合金化球磨方式添加5wt%C以及不同量的Ag制备Mg基储氢材料。利用储氢特性测试仪、XRD和SEM研究了Ag含量对储氢材料吸氢特性、吸氢速率和显微组织的影响。结果表明:利用机械球磨添加Ag,有利于提高ZK60合金的吸氢量。随着Ag添加量的增大,吸氢量先增大后减小,其中添加0.5wt%Ag的材料吸氢量最大,达到7.112wt%。由于吸氢过程中生成的Mg H2,在放氢过程中未彻底解离成Mg和H2,导致吸氢量下降。     

低温球磨制备镁基储氢材料及其性能研究

用液氮低温球磨技术制备Mg-8 mol%LaNi0.5储氢材料.采用XRD和SEM研究材料的相结构和表面形貌,采用激光法测定粒度分布,采用PCT设备研究材料的储氢性能.结果表明:经过10 h球磨后,该材料有少量合金相生成:材料平均粒度为10um左右;材料具有平坦的吸放氢平台,吸氢量在573 K时为2.33%(质量分数);在4.0 MPa氢压和523～653 K条件下,3～5 min内完成饱和吸氢量的80%以上.低温球磨制备的材料活化性能好,不需活化,平台性能好,动力学性能得到改善.     

CrCl_3对球磨Mg-Ni合金储氢性能的影响

以氢气作为保护气 ,用机械合金化的方法 ,将镁粉、镍粉和氯化铬制备成纳米复合物 ,实验证明它具有很好的储氢性能。氯化铬起到了提高吸放氢速度和降低放氢温度的作用。在添加CrCl3 的样品中 ,镁粉末在球磨过程中能完全吸氢 ,而没有添加CrCl3 的试样则很难完全吸氢。用机械合金化制备的Mg96Ni3 (CrCl3 ) 1纳米复合物在 16 0℃和 2MPa氢压条件下 ,在 6 5s内储氢容量达到 6 .0 % ,并能使放氢温度降低到 315℃ ,与不加CrCl3 的样品相比 ,放氢温度降低 15～ 2 0℃。     

Phase-structure and Hydrogen Storage Behaviors of Mg+10% Ni2P Composite Prepared by Reactive Ball-Milling

采用反应球磨法制备了Mg+10%Ni2P(质量分数,下同)新型复合物,对比研究了球磨复合物和球磨纯镁的相结构与储氢性能。研究表明:在纯Mg中添加10%的Ni2P进行复合球磨,可以明显提高其吸/放氢性能。此外,添加Ni2P球磨明显地改善了镁的循环放氢性能。复合物的晶粒尺寸随着球磨时间的增加而减小;添加Ni2P能有效地抑制Mg/MgH2在吸/放氢过程中产生团聚;在Mg中添加Ni2P球磨能降低体系的放氢反应温度。     

镁/碳复合纳米材料储氢性能及储氢机理研究

采用反应球磨法,将微晶碳、镁和镍在氢气气氛中反应复合,制备的镁/碳复合材料的纳米晶平均粒度在16.8~33.6nm。其吸/放氢性能表明,复合材料有很好的储氢动力学和较高的储氢密度,材料70Mg30C4Ni在160℃/2MPa氢气条件下,可以在2min内完成储氢,储氢密度可达5.0%(质量分数,下同)。XRD物相分析证明,球磨形成的纳米晶镁、纳米碳和催化剂镍三者的协同作用,是复合材料储氢密度增加和动力学性能改善的主要原因。通过红外光谱研究了微晶碳对氢的化学吸附和氢原子在镁/碳复合材料中的传递路径,氢优先被碳吸咐,然后解析传递给镁,且这个过程是可逆的。     

纳米镁基储氢材料对AP热分解性能的影响

采用直流电弧等离子体加高压氢化法制备了纳米镁基储氢材料Mg-H和MgEr-H,并对其相组成和放氢性能进行了表征,结果表明添加稀土元素Er可使Mg粉的吸氢更完全,同时使MgH2的放氢温度降低。采用同步热分析方法(TG/DSC)分析了镁基储氢材料对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解性能的影响,结果表明两种镁基储氢材料都能有效促进AP的低温和高温分解过程,尤其是高温分解峰温下降了约80℃,并且使得表观放热量大幅增加,可达纯AP放热量的2倍多,反应过程更为剧烈。添加稀土的镁基储氢材料对AP分解的催化效果更好。     

CrCl3对球磨Mg—Ni合金储氢性能的影响

以氢气作为保护气,用机械合金化的方法,将镁粉,镍粉和氯化铬制备成纳米复合物,实验证明它具有很好的储氢性能,氯化铬起到了提高吸放氢速度和降低放氢温度的作用,在添加CrCl3的样品中,镁粉末在球磨过程中能完全吸氢,而没有添加CrCl3的试样则很难完全吸氢,用机械合金化制备的Mg96Ni3(CrCl3)1纳米复合物在160℃和2MPa氢压条件下,在65s内储氢容量达到6．0％,并能使放氢温度降低到315℃,与不加CrCl3的样品相比,放氢温度降低15－20℃。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.