5A90铝锂合金电子束焊接接头显微分析

采用真空电子束焊对5A90铝锂合金进行焊接,用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对接头显微组织进行观察,并对接头横截面的显微硬度进行测试。研究结果表明,5A90铝锂合金电子束焊接头的焊缝的组织由等轴晶和等轴枝状晶组成,晶界和枝晶界分布着大量α+δ(AlLi)共晶组织和少量α+δ(AlLi)+T(Al_2MgLi)的三元共晶组织,热影响区与焊缝之间存在一层等轴细晶区。电子束流的增大,会导致焊缝晶粒粗化,晶界的共晶组织粗化并逐渐连成网状,晶粒内球状共晶相数量减少。显微硬度测试结果表明,接头焊缝区的显微硬度低于热影响区和母材,电子束流的增大会导致焊缝的显微硬度降低。     

700℃超超临界电站锅炉用高温合金617B和740H管道氩弧焊接头微观组织特征

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、显微硬度计等手段,研究了617B和740H管道氩弧焊接头微观组织和显微硬度。结果表明:617B焊件焊缝晶粒外延生长明显,焊缝主要存在Mo、Ti元素偏析,枝晶间分布着不连续颗粒状碳化物M6C,焊缝硬度略高于母材。740H焊件焊缝主要存在Nb、Ti元素偏析,枝晶间有较多不规则颗粒状碳化物MC,没有观察到γ-γ′共晶相;热影响区晶粒稍有长大,晶内强化相γ′减少,晶界碳化物M23C6和MC发生回溶,焊缝硬度明显低于母材。     

7055喷射成形高强铝合金激光焊接头组织及性能

采用激光焊接对2 mm厚喷射成形的7055-T76511铝合金进行焊接试验。通过显微硬度和拉伸试验测试焊接接头的力学性能,通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、背散射电子衍射技术(EBSD)以及X射线衍射(XRD)分析焊接接头的微观组织。结果表明,7055铝合金激光焊接头无明显的软化区,焊缝显微硬度最低,约为130~140 HV,接头的抗拉强度372 MPa,伸长率4.1%。焊缝组织有明显的三个区(热影响区、熔合区和焊缝区)。热影响区组织是产生了部分再结晶的等轴晶粒;熔合区由于非均匀形核形成了等轴非枝晶区(non-dendritic equiaxed grain zone,EQZ),晶粒尺寸3~8μm;焊缝区靠近熔合线为柱状枝晶,中心为胞状枝晶。     

1561铝合金TIG深熔焊接头组织与力学性能

采用TIG深熔焊工艺,对1561高镁铝合金进行了焊接,并对接头的显微组织和力学性能进行系统分析.结果表明焊缝中无气孔和裂纹缺陷;打底焊道中部存在“∧”字形粗晶区,其上下部晶粒尺寸细小;双层焊经历第二道的盖面焊后,打底焊道晶粒明显长大,熔合区晶粒晶界发生重熔,焊缝软化现象仍有发生;焊缝和热影响区的显微硬度低于母材,但热影响区并没有表现出明显的软化现象.接头抗拉强度可达314 MPa,表明深熔焊工艺适合于1561高镁铝合金的焊接.     

GH4169D合金电子束焊接接头显微组织和持久断裂特征

采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜分析了GH4169D合金电子束焊接接头的显微组织,利用显微硬度计测试了母材、热影响区和焊缝的显微硬度,采用体式显微镜和扫描电镜研究了焊接接头持久断裂特征。结果表明,GH4169D母材中的主要析出相为1~20μm长的片层状晶界η相、30~80 nm的颗粒状γ′相和少量的碳氮化物。热影响区中的主要析出相为10~20 nm的颗粒状γ′相,几乎没有晶界η相。焊缝中为枝晶组织,枝晶间存在含有共晶组织的白色析出相,析出相尺寸为2~6μm,枝晶杆中含有10 nm以下的细小颗粒状γ′相。母材的显微硬度低于热影响区和焊缝,不同区域的显微硬度主要受γ′相尺寸的影响。焊接接头的持久断裂过程包括蠕变裂纹扩展、快速扩展和瞬断3个阶段,蠕变裂纹扩展区中为沿晶断裂,快速扩展区中为沿晶和穿晶混合断裂,瞬断区为穿晶断裂。蠕变裂纹扩展起始于试样表面的热影响区,热影响区中晶界η相含量低和裂纹尖端晶界氧化是导致焊接接头持久性能低于母材的主要原因。     

TIG焊电流对Mg-5Gd-3Y变形镁合金焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响研究

重点探讨了钨极氩弧焊(TIG)的焊接电流对Mg-5Gd-3Y(GW53)变形镁合金焊接接头质量的影响。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验机、维氏硬度计分析了焊接接头的显微组织、力学性能、显微硬度以及断口形貌。试验结果表明:在155～195 A的焊接电流范围内,175 A时得到的焊接接头成形最好,力学性能最高,强度达到母材的98%;焊缝区为等轴晶,晶粒尺寸小于母材,热影响区很窄但晶粒较粗大,焊缝区和热影响区的硬度都低于母材的硬度值。     

厚壁TC4-DT钛合金电子束焊接接头的微观组织特征

对50mm厚壁TC4-DT钛合金进行焊接试验,通过对接头横截面进行光学显微组织分析和显微硬度测试,研究电子束焊接对该合金微观组织特征的影响。结果表明:TC4-DT钛合金母材显微组织为等轴状初生α相和层片状(α+β)所构成的典型双态组织。焊缝区的显微组织为网篮状马氏体组织α,,焊缝上部粗大的原始β柱状晶界明显,下部原始β晶粒尺寸较小且晶界不明显。热影响区显微组织可分为2个区域,近焊缝热影响区显微组织为少量等轴初生α+针状马氏体α,,近母材热影响区显微组织为等轴初生α+含针状α的转变β组织。2个区域的分界取决于焊接冷却过程的β转变温度。接头焊缝区和热影响区显微硬度偏高,近焊缝热影响区显微硬度达到峰值。另外,不同焊缝深度处显微硬度有差别:随着熔深位置增加,焊缝区的显微硬度呈递增趋势。     

激光焊接异种钢组织及显微硬度分析

采用激光摆动焊接方法焊接异种钢，利用JMATPro软件计算了母材3Cr13，VG10的平衡相图，通过XRD，SEM，EPMA等技术分别对焊缝、熔合区、热影响区的相组成和显微组织进行了分析，测定了焊接接头的显微硬度分布. 试验结果表明，焊缝主要为α相和碳化物M₇C₃；从熔合线到焊缝中心，组织由平面晶逐渐变为胞状晶、胞状树枝晶、树枝状晶、柱状晶、等轴晶. 焊缝组织存在显微偏析，其中C，Cr元素在晶界富集，Fe元素在晶内富集，同时在晶界处有条棒状的M₇C₃析出. 熔合线附近的母材处有C迁移现象，其中3Cr13侧母材处有类针状马氏体组织产生，VG10侧熔合区存在非对流混合区，在该位置有块状、岛状组织嵌入母材，且在该组织上有片层状的碳化物生成. 熔合线两侧的母材硬度值最大，焊缝区硬度变化较小，热影响区硬度随着远离焊缝中心距离的增加而逐渐减少.     

氩弧焊接GH625高温合金的显微组织演变与力学性能（英文）

采用钨极氩弧焊接工艺对镍基变形高温合金GH625进行焊接。系统研究焊接接头的显微组织、元素分布、晶界特征和力学性能。结果表明:焊缝组织为奥氏体树枝晶结构,未见明显的热影响区,焊接熔合区的枝晶间区域均匀分布着大量的δ相。与母材相比,焊接熔合区同时具备较高的硬度和较大的晶粒,这可能与焊接熔合区的δ析出相有关。母材较高的强度主要归因于较多的细小晶粒和孪晶界,而焊接接头较低的伸长率可能是由于δ相。     

新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金TIG焊接头组织与性能研究

本文对一种Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Mn-Zr-Er合金薄板进行了全自动TIG填丝焊接,观察接头微观组织形貌,并测试其力学性能。结果显示焊缝未出现典型的联生结晶形貌,而是由等轴细晶粒层和大量等轴树枝晶构成,在晶界或枝晶间断续分布复合T（AlZnMgCu）相;焊接热影响区因沉淀相变化,硬度值不同,分为近缝的固溶区和远缝的过时效区,晶粒保持与母材相同的拉长形貌,未见明显长大;接头横截面的显微硬度最低值在焊缝,约为120HV,母材显微硬度约为184HV,接头抗拉强度为421.75MPa,达到母材的65.08%,拉伸断裂位置处于焊缝中,断口形貌为典型的韧性断裂,等轴韧窝底部存在破碎的第二相颗粒,其成分与焊缝中复合T相基本一致。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.