高强度低碳贝氏体钢的工艺与组织细化

在超低碳贝氏体钢中，采用弛豫-析出-控制相变(RPC)技术可得到细化的中温转变组织，组织类型为细化的板条贝氏体及少量不规则粒状贝氏体或针状铁素体，与一般控轧空冷和调质处理组织比较，除细化外，所得贝氏体类型及形貌均有所不同，通过这种工艺细化的低碳贝氏体钢板其强度比控轧后空冷或轧后再加热-淬火(调质处理)钢有明显提高。在采用RPC工艺时，轧后弛豫时间长短对最终组织细化程度和形貌也有明显影响，从而造成性能有所差别，终轧后弛豫阶段形成并被应变诱导析出物钉扎的位错胞状组织或亚晶结构是细化相变组织、阻碍贝氏体生长的主要原因，冷却过程中，在贝氏体相变前形成的不规则粒状贝氏体或针状铁索体，分割了压扁的原奥氏体晶粒，同样限制了贝氏体板条柬的长度和宽度。     

贝氏体组织的弛豫细化

利用热模拟、金相分析结合半定量测量统计及径迹显微照相技术(FFA)，研究了微合金钢奥氏体区变形后弛豫不同时间的贝氏体组织演化情况。同时，通过萃取复型方法观察了弛豫不同时间奥氏体中的析出行为。结果表明，弛豫处理后试验钢的组织得到了有效细化，主要为超细贝氏体与马氏体复合组织。随着弛豫时间的变化，细化效果不同，在850℃变形后等温弛豫60s-200s时，细化效果最佳。变形后弛豫过程中的位错运动和弛豫析出速度的配合与细化效果密切相关。     

超细化低碳贝氏体钢的回火组织及力学性能

研究了弛豫—析出控制相变(RPC)技术参数(弛豫时间)对超细化低碳贝氏体钢回火后组织与性能的影响，同时与控轧后空冷(AC)以及传统的再加热淬火工艺(RQ)得到的回火组织及性能进行了比较．不同RPC技术参数得到的钢板经300—700℃回火1h后，随温度升高均呈现软化硬化再软化的变化规律，只是变化速度及硬度值有所不同．经过AC工艺得到的钢板在回火后硬度和强度变化不明显，而经过RQ处理后的钢板随回火温度升高强度和硬度单调下降．回火前RPC和RQ两种工艺得到的钢板组织均为板条状贝氏体和少量粒贝的复合组织．回火后RPC工艺钢组织变化不明显，只是弛豫不同时间的试样组织粗化速度不同，而RQ工艺钢随回火温度的升高板条很快消失最终演变成多边形铁素体．实验结果表明，利用RPC工艺得到的高强韧性钢板具有良好的热稳定性这种稳定性是由于不同工艺引起组织内位错与析出状态不同造成的。     

超细化低碳贝氏体钢的回火组织稳定性及力学性能

研究了弛豫-析出控制相变(RPC)技术生产的细晶低碳贝氏体钢回火后组织与性能的变化，并与控轧后空冷(AC)以及传统的再加热淬火工艺(RQ)得到的钢板的回火组织及性能进行了比较。采用RPC工艺得到的钢板经500℃～700℃回火1h后，随回火温度升高呈现软化-硬化-再软化的变化规律，采用AC工艺得到的钢板回火后硬度和强度的反复变化不明显，而经过RQ处理后的钢板随回火温度升高强度和硬度则单调下降。RPC和RQ钢板回火前的组织均为板条状贝氏体和少量粒贝的复合组织。回火后RPC钢板组织变化不明显，而RQ钢板随回火温度的升高板条很快消失，最终演变成多边形铁素体。实验结果表明，RPC钢板具有良好的热稳定性。     

X80管线钢变形弛豫后的显微组织及析出行为

应用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机、维氏硬度计和ZEISS Supra55型场发射扫描电子显微镜研究了不同弛豫时间下X80管线钢的显微组织、硬度及析出物的变化情况。研究结果表明,X80管线钢弛豫后的主要组织类型为贝氏体铁素体+条片状贝氏体,在弛豫过程中显微组织得到细化,并且显微组织的形态发生改变,片条状贝氏体数量增多。在弛豫时间200 s时,硬度出现峰值。随着弛豫时间延长,析出物的数量逐渐增多,并且弥散分布。     

超高强贝氏体钢的回火组织与力学性能

观察并研究了250 ～ 600℃区间回火对超高强贝氏体钢组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:随回火温度升高,抗拉强度不断降低,屈服强度先升高后降低,伸长率和冲击功则呈先升高后降低然后再升高变化规律.250 ～ 350℃回火,残留奥氏体分解速率缓慢,抑制了板条合并粗化,组织为板条贝氏体+稳定膜状残留奥氏体,析出相粒子尺寸细小,具有良好的强度和塑韧性.特别是在350℃回火时,板条内部有ε碳化物析出,以及位错移动所形成的位错胞状亚结构细化了晶粒,使其具有最佳强韧配合.450℃回火,残留奥氏体大量分解导致组织内部出现链状分布的渗碳体,引起回火脆性.600℃回火,残留奥氏体几乎全部分解,部分区域发生再结晶,塑性和韧性提高而强度明显降低,析出物明显粗化.力学性能的非单调变化归因于钢在回火过程中,既包括板条贝氏体和位错亚结构的回复、再结晶软化过程,也包括残留奥氏体分解与析出相的强化机制.     

Fe-Ni-Nb-Ti-C合金变形后等温弛豫过程中位错与析出的相互作用

对Fe-Ni-Nb-Ti-C合金在850℃变形后的等温弛豫过程中位错组态的演变以及应变诱导析出过程进行了TEM观察分析．样品的应力弛豫曲线可以明显地区分为三个阶段，分别对应应变诱导析出的孕育、形核长大和粗化过程．变形过程中产生的高密度、相互缠结的位错在等温弛豫过程中密度降低，并逐渐形成胞状结构．应变诱导析出在离散位错与胞界的位错网络上均能形核，但离散位错上颗粒析出密度更大．析出对位错产生的钉扎作用减缓了位错组态演变的进程．一旦析出颗粒发生粗化，则其钉扎作用减弱，而位错则以绕过机制摆脱析出颗粒的钉扎．     

高强钢热轧变形及应力弛豫对Ti-Nb碳氮化物析出的影响

利用Gleeble1500热模拟试验机进行了高强工程机械钢HG70(0.08%C-0.13%Ti-0.005%Nb)铸坯试样的压缩变形,研究了变形后试样不同温度等温弛豫过程中Ti-Nb碳氮化合物的析出行为。结果表明:高温大变形和等温弛豫过程会导致碳化物粒子弥散地析出在铁素体基体上,在热轧过程中应变诱导析出主要在离散位错胞和晶界上形核,变形弛豫后的析出粒子80%都在185 nm以下。弛豫时间延长,析出粒子长大。     

应变诱导析出对7050合金连续热变形组织的影响

利用Gleeble 1500热模拟试验机、光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和背散射衍射(EBSD),研究变形工艺对7050铝合金析出相颗粒的影响,以及应变诱导析出颗粒对连续热变形组织的影响。结果表明:变形可使析出相颗粒发生球化,低应变速率促使析出相颗粒细化和再析出,高应变速率则促使析出相颗粒回溶和粗化;在连续热变形过程中,应变诱导析出的细小球形颗粒仍大量弥散分布在合金中,尺寸略有长大,并且析出相颗粒钉扎位错和晶界,晶内取向差变大。变形条带晶粒被细化,合金基体中形成大量多边形亚结构,这可能对铝合金强度和断裂韧性的提高产生积极作用。     

含Ti高强度汽车板控轧控冷工艺研究

介绍了通过试验研究得出的控轧控冷工艺对含Ti高强度汽车板组织和性能的影响。研究得出,钢中主要是细小的板条贝氏体组织,贝氏体板条内存在高密度位错,其板条细化和位错强化使钢的强度提高,而Ti的碳化物沿位错线弥散析出,进一步加强了析出强化效果。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.