2024-T4超薄铝合金机器人搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能

机器人作为搅拌摩擦焊系统的载体时,由于其关节采用串联模式进行连接,在焊接过程中关节易发生变形,而变形的释放会导致焊漏等缺陷,制约了机器人搅拌摩擦焊系统在超薄板焊接过程中的应用. 针对上述问题,文中对0.5 mm厚超薄2024-T4铝合金板进行了机器人搅拌摩擦焊工艺研究. 结果表明,增加下压量或提高主轴转速成功实现薄板铝合金焊接,在主轴转速为2 500 r/min,焊接速度为600 ~ 1 000 mm/min工艺参数内,接头强度呈现升高趋势,最高可达408 MPa,达到母材90%. 接头硬度呈双“W”形分布,其断裂形式为韧性断裂.     

船用薄板CO_2焊控制焊接变形工艺研究

采用药芯焊丝CO2气体保护焊工艺对控制船用4mm薄板的焊接变形进行了试验研究,结果表明采用该工艺能较好地控制船用薄板的焊接变形,并得出了控制焊接角变形3°和纵向挠曲变形量在±6mm范围内的合理焊接工艺参数。     

快运货车耐候钢薄板CMT焊接工艺及变形规律研究

耐候钢薄板的应用是解决快运货车轻量化的核心技术。针对耐候钢薄板焊接过程中热输入量大、容易烧穿和产生较大变形的问题,选用CMT焊接方法实现了1.5 mm耐候钢薄板的焊接参数优化,采用最优参数模拟对比CMT焊接与传统耐候钢焊接方法(MAG焊)的变形量。结果表明:全熔透接头性能较好,增加焊接速度可以减少接头错边量,提高接头性能,接头抗拉强度最高达到669.6 MPa;模拟结果显示CMT焊接变形趋势与MAG焊接相似,焊缝中心与板边缘变形较大,CMT最大焊接变形量为+3.8 mm,MAG焊接最大变形量为+4.8 mm,CMT焊接变形明显小于MAG焊。     

基于BP神经网络遗传算法的薄板CMT点焊变形

焊接是汽车车身制造的一个关键环节,焊接质量的好坏严重影响汽车车身质量,所以焊接参数的选择至关重要. 针对薄板焊接质量控制问题,论文利用BP神经网络解决非线性问题的优势,建立焊接变形量与工艺参数之间映射关系模型;结合遗传算法构建基于遗传神经网络焊接的工艺参数优化系统;同时设计正交试验,将该方法与正交试验法相对比. 结果表明,该方法可以有效地实现CMT(cold metal transfer)点焊焊接变形预测与工艺参数优化. 通过预测模型给出合理参数,指导钢薄板和铝合金薄板的CMT点焊变形试验,提高焊接的效率.     

基于随焊气体动态冷却方法的钛合金薄板激光焊接变形试验研究

为了减小激光焊接钛合金薄板产生的变形,在焊接过程中使用液氮冷却后的氩气对激光热源的后部进行同步跟随激冷。对1.5 mm厚TC4钛合金薄板激光焊接的变形控制效果进行了试验验证。结果表明,相同工艺参数条件下,该方法获得的焊接试件挠曲变形明显小于常规激光焊接的变形;当冷热源间距为10 mm,冷却气体流量为10L/min,激光功率为950 W,焊速为15 mm/s,离焦量为0 mm时,焊后变形最小,最大纵向挠曲变形量仅为0.187 mm。     

电铆焊工艺在薄板焊接上的应用

对电铆焊技术在薄板焊接结构制造中的应用进行了系统研究,通过电铆焊的系列焊接工艺试验及焊接工艺评定试验,优化了电铆焊的焊接工艺参数,验证了电铆焊工艺的合理性,提出了适合于薄板蒙皮结构的最合理加工孔参数及焊接工艺参数。其电铆焊工艺的变形程度明显小于塞焊工艺,可以显著降低焊接变形,大大减少工件的矫平工作量,保证了结构件的外观质量,提高了车辆的商品化程度。     

计及焊接变形的薄板对接焊缝疲劳热点应力分析

为减轻重量及降低能耗,超大型船舶的上层建筑开始尝试使用薄板焊接结构. 然而现行的各国船级社规范不允许使用小于5 mm的薄板,其主要原因是薄板焊接变形对结构疲劳强度的影响机理尚未明晰. 以某在建巨型豪华游轮上层建筑的甲板分段为研究对象,通过三维激光扫描该对接焊结构实体并获取整体焊接变形数据,采用高阶多项式拟合得到该结构的初始焊接变形,利用通用有限元程序ANSYS对计及焊接变形的结构进行建模分析,并获取了焊缝周围疲劳热点应力的分布;提出了更加接近真实薄板焊接变形的拟合方法;探讨了焊接变形对疲劳热点应力分布的影响.     

船用薄板焊接接头残余变形有限元模拟

运用热弹塑性有限元法,对不同焊接工艺条件下板厚6 mm的AH36钢薄板焊接接头残余变形进行了有限元模拟研究.结果表明,使用不同的焊接方法,纵向挠曲变形和角变形量发生显著变化,采用单一CO2气体保护焊,焊接残余变形量较小;采用CO2气体保护焊+埋弧焊的混合焊方法,焊接残余变形量有所增大;在焊缝背面施加雾化水冷,可以有效控制焊接残余变形,尤其对于控制采用单一CO2气体保护焊的角变形成效显著.为了验证有限元模拟结果的准确性,采用与有限元模拟完全相同的工艺条件对AH36钢薄板进行了焊接残余变形试验,试验结果与数值模拟结论存在一定误差,但基本变化趋势一致,表明采用有限元模拟技术可以预测AH36钢薄板焊接残余变形.     

薄壁钛管与钽/钛薄板叠层的焊接研究

以某化工企业用钽/钛薄板叠层与薄壁钛管的焊接结构为例,对薄壁管与薄板焊接结构和薄板焊接变形的问题进行了详细分析,采用手工钨极氩弧焊施焊、刚性固定法和散热法控制薄板焊接变形。通过试验获得了优化的手工钨极氩弧焊工艺参数,同时采用了氩气保护罩、焊缝冷却装置和防止薄板变形装置,并对外观合格的焊件在氦质谱检漏仪上检测焊缝气密性,环缝漏率为5.0×10-11 Pa·m/s,结果表明焊缝是致密的。优化后的焊接工艺在保证了生产合格产品的同时,也可为其他材质薄壁管与薄板的焊接提供参考。     

浅析薄板MAG焊小变形焊接工艺

本文对4mm普通低碳钢钢板MAG焊小变形焊接工艺进行了试验研究,研究结果表明采用该工艺能较好地控带薄板的焊接变形,并且得出了焊接角变形和纵向挠曲变形量在±6mm范围内合适的焊接工艺参数。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).