7 mm厚TC4钛合金电子束焊接头组织和性能

采用真空电子束焊对7 mm厚TC4钛合金板进行焊接,利用光学显微镜对焊接接头显微组织进行表征,分析不同区域显微组织,通过显微硬度、拉伸试验、冲击试验、弯曲试验对力学性能进行测试,借助扫描电镜对拉伸、冲击断口形貌进行观察,对焊接接头显微组织演变规律和性能进行研究。结果表明,真空电子束焊焊接接头成形良好,TC4钛合金母材组织由α相和β相组成,焊缝区组织由原始的β相转变而成α′相（针状马氏体）,为粗大的柱状晶组织,热影响区组织由均匀且细小的针状马氏体α′相及原始的α相和β相组成;焊缝区显微硬度高于热影响区和母材区,从焊缝顶部到根部显微硬度逐渐下降;焊接接头抗拉强度高于母材抗拉强度;V形缺口在焊缝区的冲击试样具有较好的韧性。     

TC4钛合金的电子束焊

采用真空电子束焊接工艺焊接TC4钛合金，通过显微组织观察、显微硬度测试以及进行冲击试验，分析了焊接接头显微组织、性能以及焊缝中气孔的形成。结果表明：采用真空电子束焊焊接TC4合金时焊缝中有气孔产生．焊缝金属的硬度值比母材金属的高，但冲击值低于母材的；焊缝和热影响区中较粗大的原始β相一部分转变为过饱和的针状马氏体；焊缝中心有少量的针状α＇相，并形成了编织状α组织。     

TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头高温性能与组织

通过高温拉伸试验、高温持久拉伸试验以及金相分析对TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头的显微组织和高温性能进行了研究.结果表明,用电子束焊接TC4钛合金可获得高温性能良好的焊接接头,其焊接接头的高温抗拉强度为630 MPa,与母材相当.高温持久拉伸时焊接接头在400 ℃下100 h的持久强度大于600 MPa,不低于TC4钛合金母材同等条件下的持久强度.TC4钛合金母材室温下的组织为典型的轧制状态组织,即拉长了的针状α β组织,焊缝组织是由原始β相转变而成的α'相,即针状马氏体.经高温拉伸和高温持久拉伸后焊缝晶粒均明显长大,但其晶粒的长大程度与高温持续时间无关.     

铸造TC4合金电子束焊接工艺研究（英文）

主要探讨铸造TC4合金电子束焊接工艺。为了获得良好的铸造TC4合金电子束焊接接头,作者对焊缝形貌,微观组织和接头拉伸性能进行研究。结果表明:通过调节焊接电流和焊接速度可以获得电子束焊双面成型工艺,但是对于厚板却很难获得双面成形的焊缝形状,经X射线检测焊缝内部质量,能满足检验标准;铸造钛合金电子束焊接接头微观组织构成的母材由板条状α相和β相组成,焊缝区域由针状马氏体组成,热影响区由细针状马氏体、板条状α相和β相组成;铸造TC4电子束焊接接头拉伸性能与母材相当,因此可以通过改善母材的组织成分和显微组织来提高其焊接接头的拉伸强度。冲击试验表明应力集中系数对吸收功有很大的影响。     

Study on the Electron Beam Welding Process of ZTC4 Titanium Alloy

主要探讨铸造TC4合金电子束焊接工艺。为了获得良好的铸造TC4合金电子束焊接接头,作者对焊缝形貌,微观组织和接头拉伸性能进行研究。结果表明:通过调节焊接电流和焊接速度可以获得电子束焊双面成型工艺,但是对于厚板却很难获得双面成形的焊缝形状,经X射线检测焊缝内部质量,能满足检验标准;铸造钛合金电子束焊接接头微观组织构成的母材由板条状α相和β相组成,焊缝区域由针状马氏体组成,热影响区由细针状马氏体、板条状α相和β相组成;铸造TC4电子束焊接接头拉伸性能与母材相当,因此可以通过改善母材的组织成分和显微组织来提高其焊接接头的拉伸强度。冲击试验表明应力集中系数对吸收功有很大的影响。     

厚壁TC4-DT钛合金电子束焊接接头的微观组织特征

对50mm厚壁TC4-DT钛合金进行焊接试验,通过对接头横截面进行光学显微组织分析和显微硬度测试,研究电子束焊接对该合金微观组织特征的影响。结果表明:TC4-DT钛合金母材显微组织为等轴状初生α相和层片状(α+β)所构成的典型双态组织。焊缝区的显微组织为网篮状马氏体组织α,,焊缝上部粗大的原始β柱状晶界明显,下部原始β晶粒尺寸较小且晶界不明显。热影响区显微组织可分为2个区域,近焊缝热影响区显微组织为少量等轴初生α+针状马氏体α,,近母材热影响区显微组织为等轴初生α+含针状α的转变β组织。2个区域的分界取决于焊接冷却过程的β转变温度。接头焊缝区和热影响区显微硬度偏高,近焊缝热影响区显微硬度达到峰值。另外,不同焊缝深度处显微硬度有差别:随着熔深位置增加,焊缝区的显微硬度呈递增趋势。     

TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接接头显微组织和力学性能

研究TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接头焊缝的显微组织为片状α′马氏体,TC4侧靠近母材的热影响区和TA17侧靠近母材的热影响区只发生α相向β相转变,TC4侧靠近焊缝的显微组织为残余α相+针状α′马氏体,TA17侧靠近焊缝的显微组织为残余α相+片状α′马氏体。TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接头的显微硬度呈不对称分布,焊缝的显微硬度最高,TA17母材显微硬度最低。TC4/TA17异种钛合金激光焊接接头断裂在TA17母材,断口呈现韧性断裂形貌。     

TC4钛合金窄间隙激光填绞股焊丝焊接接头组织及性能

采用实心绞股焊丝,通过窄间隙激光填丝焊对TC4钛合金进行焊接,分析了激光填丝焊接头各区域的微观组织及形貌,并测试了焊接接头的显微硬度、室温拉伸性能及冲击性能等力学性能。结果表明,焊缝截面整体成形良好,无明显未熔合和气孔等缺陷;母材由等轴α+β相组成,热影响区晶粒比母材稍大,热影响区由针状α′马氏体+初生α相组成,焊缝由粗大的原始β柱状晶和内部网篮状α′马氏体组成;焊接接头的抗拉强度平均值达940 MPa,拉伸断裂在母材,断口韧窝较浅,主要表现为韧性断裂特征;焊缝的显微硬度平均值为375 HV,高于母材及热影响区。 创新点： 采用高熔敷效率的绞股焊丝作为填充金属,对 20 mm 厚 TC4 钛合金板进行激光填丝焊,探究了厚板钛合金焊接接头的组织与性能分布规律,为厚板钛合金焊接结构的实际应用提供基础数据支撑。     

薄板TC4钛合金TIG电弧和激光焊接接头晶粒尺寸与微观组织

对薄板TC4钛合金进行TIG电弧和激光焊接技术研究,重点分析了TIG焊接电流、焊接速度和激光输出功率对TC4钛合金焊接接头晶粒尺寸、微观组织和显微硬度的影响规律. 试验结果表明,在实现薄板TC4钛合金完全熔透的条件下,激光焊接具有更小热输入,接头焊缝区和热影响区宽度也显著降低. TIG焊接接头晶粒尺寸随热输入增加,呈现增加趋势. 随距焊缝中心位置增加,焊接接头晶粒尺寸均逐渐降低. TC4钛合金激光焊接接头焊缝区呈现魏氏组织特征,针状α'马氏体细小. 近缝热影响区组织为网篮状α'马氏体,而近母材热影响区为未转变α相和针状α'马氏体的双相组织. 随距焊缝中心位置增加,马氏体生成量逐渐减少,焊缝显微硬度值呈现降低趋势;同时相比于TIG焊接,TC4激光焊接接头具有更高的显微硬度.     

电子束局部热处理对TC4钛合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

通过对14.5 mm厚TC4钛合金平板电子束焊接接头的局部热处理,研究了电子束局部热处理对钛合金电子束焊接接头组织、硬度和拉伸性能的影响.结果表明,电子束局部热处理后扫描区内的母材组织晶粒粗化长大,α相在原始β晶界处长大的同时,以层片状或针状的α形态向β晶内生长.局部热处理后冷却速度的降低使焊缝组织中的针状马氏体在分解析出β相的同时转变为α相,变短变厚的α相相互交错排列.另外,局部热处理消除了焊缝和热影响区的硬度突变.同焊后状态相比,局部热处理后焊接接头的整体性能沿焊缝垂直方向得到了均衡和提高,拉伸试样的断裂位置由焊后状态时的热影响区和母材的交界处转移到未经历热处理的母材区域.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.