基于重排Gabor变换和Radon变换的特征提取技术

基于重排Gabor变换和Radon变换理论,提出了基于重排Gabor变换和Radon变换的故障诊断技术。文章首先利用重排Gabor变换时频聚集性特点,对含噪信号进行重排Gabor变换,再将Gabor展开系数进行Radon变换,在Radon变换平面上提取像点,再进行Radon逆变换,实现信号降噪。仿真结果表明,该方法有效地抑制了噪声的干扰,成功地提取了故障特征信号。     

基于广义S变换的滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究

鉴于广义S变换继承了短时Fourier变换、小波变换和标准S变换的所有优点,同时也弥补了它们存在的不足,具有良好的自适应的独特特性,提出了一种基于广义S变换的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,并与传统的短时Fourier变换、Wgner-Ville分布、小波变换、标准S变换等时频分析方法进行了对比分析。仿真研究表明,广义S变换具有明显的优势,能灵活地通过调节参数来自适应地调节窗函数的宽度,以便达到最佳的时频分辨率。最后,滚动轴承故障实验研究进一步验证了提出的方法的有效性。提出的方法能有效地反映不同轴承故障的特征频率,为滚动轴承故障诊断提供了一种有效的方法。     

基于Bandelet变换的金属断口图像识别方法

基于Bandelet变换能自适应跟踪图像几何方向的特点,将Bandelet变换引入到金属断口图像特征提取中,提出了一种基于Bandelet变换的金属断口形貌非线性识别方法。在提出的方法中,利用Bandelet变换提取金属断口图像的Bandelet熵作为特征向量,神经网络作为非线性分类器,对几种典型的金属断口图像进行了识别验证。同时,将该方法与基于传统的小波变换的金属断口图像识别方法进行了对比。结果表明,由于Bandelet变换克服了小波变换在处理金属断口图像时孤立对待边界各点的缺点,得到了比传统的小波变换方法更好的识别效果。     

基于OpenGL的视点变换在三维鞋楦设计中的应用

文章通过读取STL文件的鞋楦或脚形模型,在此基础上实现了三维鞋楦设计时要用到三维视图,通过比较OpenGL提供的模型变换理论和视点变换理论,采用视点变换实现了在鞋楦设计中的交互性视图,给出了变换算法,为后续的交互性数据处理作铺垫。     

油路的等效变换及其应用

油路的等效变换及其应用２５００１４济南市山东工业大学朱世久山东省机械厅孙健民对于复杂的液压系统若采用等效油路表示法，则有利于液压系统的阅读、分析、设计和故障排除。所谓油路的等效变换就是保持原来液压系统的各种特点不变，在变换时去掉不必要的液压元件，变换...     

高性能热电变换材料

日本丰桥科学技术大学新近开发成功一种高性能的廉价热电变换材料,它是由锰和硅按１：１．７３之比率混合后进行机械合金化,最后经放电烧结制成,属于锰-硅系ｐ型半导体材料。在６００℃以上高温区域具有热电变换效率高达６％左右的高水平。一般的热电变换材料铁一硅系的硅化铁的热电变换效率还不到１５％。新材料的热电变换效率与人造卫星等所用的硅-锗系热电变换材料同等,其价格仅为后者的１／１０或１／１００,而且无毒性、资源丰富。这种锰-硅系材料的热电变换性能并不受锰和硅成分变化以及铁等杂质混入的影响,颇适合于工业生产。…     

中型氨厂加压变换设备的腐蚀与防护

1 前言 七十年代起,全国中型合成氨厂大都将常压CO变换工艺改造为加压变换工艺,在技术经济上以及工厂的经济效益上有明显的优越性。但同时也产生了一些问题,其中最主要的是加压变换设备的腐蚀问题,影响了装置的长周期稳定运行。因此,有必要对中型氨厂加压变换系统中的设备、机械腐蚀情况作出客观的分析和判断,并在此基础上提出防腐蚀的措施及对策。 2 中型氨广加压变换系统的工艺概况 半水煤气加压至2.06MPa(21kgf/cm~2)。经脱硫后进入饱和塔与170℃的热水逆流接触而加热到160℃左右,并带出一定数量的水蒸汽,再从外界添加部分蒸汽,使蒸汽与煤气的体积比恰能达到CO变换反应。从变换炉上段出来的460℃变换气,进入换热器,使变换气的温度降至410℃,进入变换炉下段进行变换反应。变换炉出来的变换气温度     

混合谱二维傅里叶变换法识别兰姆波模式

在分析二维傅里叶变换原理的基础上,将快速傅里叶变换（FFT）和自回归（AR）参数估计相结合,采用混合谱二维傅里叶变换方法,对铝板中的兰姆波模式进行识别。试验结果表明,与二维快速傅里叶变换相比,混合谱估计方法能精确检测多模式超声兰姆波相速度,对兰姆波模式识别力大大提高。混合谱二维傅里叶变换方法在超声导波检测研究中具有广泛的应用前景。     

小波变换在薄膜表面图像信号降噪中的应用

目的：当前,以原子力显微镜为代表的扫描探针显微镜设备可以获取纳米尺度薄膜样品的表面图像,但这些图像存在不同程度的噪声,影响图像质量和信息判断。为了更准确获取这些薄膜表面状态,需要对薄膜样品表面图像数据和信息进行降噪处理。方法结合AFM等设备成像特点以及小波变换的时频局域性特点,在介绍小波变换基本理论和噪声来源分析基础上,提出了一种多层小波分解去噪算法。传统的信号理论是建立在傅里叶变换基础上的,而傅里叶变换作为一种全局性的变化,其有一定的局限性,无法同时表述信号在时域和频域的局部性质,而这些局部特征恰恰是非平稳信号性质最关键的部分。小波变换保留了窗口傅里叶变换局部化的优点,改变了窗口傅里叶变换窗口函数大小固定的缺点。结果原始图像信号的频率在0 Hz到4000 Hz都有分布。通过小波变换后,信号波形更光滑,频谱在500 Hz到2000 Hz之间分布。结论将小波变换应用于薄膜表面图像信号降噪中,通过实验证明通过小波变换可以有效去除信号中的噪声部分。     

复解析小波变换在齿轮故障诊断中的应用

提出了一种基于复解析小波变换的相位诊断齿轮故障的方法。复解析小波变换将Hilbert变换与小波分析紧密结合在一起，具有自适应分析能力。利用复解析小波变换得到齿轮振动信号的相位，其功率谱图上可提取调制边频带结构来识别故障模式，试验结果表明这种方法可有效应用于齿轮局部故障诊断中。     

镁合金抗氧化及合金化阻燃研究进展

综述了镁合金氧化燃烧及燃点的测定方法、镁合金抗氧化和阻燃机理及合金元素(Ca，Be，RE，Y)对镁合金阻燃性能影响的研究现状。介绍了抗氧化和阻燃镁合金研制进展及应用现状，指出了研究中存在的问题及发展方向。     

A 3-D modular fixture with enhanced localization accuracy and immobilization capability

Modular fixtures are distinguished for their high flexibility. Previous researches focused on 2-D objects or 3-D objects with regular geometry. This paper introduces our systematic study of 3-D modular fixtures, particularly for complex objects. For the sake of both function and simplicity, three baseplates are arranged equilaterally. One baseplate is fixed horizontally, on which three fixels are installed to support the object. The other baseplates are moveable and at least one fixel is set on either of them. Totally, seven fixels are adopted. Efficient algorithms are presented for computing optimal fixel locations for the given object pose regarding localization accuracy and immobilization capability. On account of the manufacturing errors, measuring and adjusting techniques are developed to improve the localization accuracy. Case studies are investigated to illustrate applications. Experiments are performed for verifying the principles, including the well-known theoretical proposition that seven fixels are necessary and sufficient for fixturing a 3-D object of nonrevolutionary surface.     

超声电镀锡铋合金研究

研究了超声波对锡铋合金电镀的影响.通过赫尔槽试验优选出最佳镀液配方和工艺条件,用SEM法观测了镀层形貌,并测试了镀层和镀液性能.结果表明:超声波的作用扩大了电流密度范围和温度范围;所得镀层表面光亮、结晶更细致、均匀,镀层结合力、抗氧化性和可焊性改善明显,耐蚀性增强;镀液性能稳定,阴极电流效率和沉积速度得到提高.因此,超声波对电镀工艺条件、镀层质量和镀液性能都有明显的改善作用.     

凝胶注模成型技术的研究与进展

对凝胶注模成型技术的研究与进展情况进行综述。阐述成型原理和工艺过程;总结凝胶体系,并根据凝胶体系的来源将其分为合成凝胶体系和天然凝胶体系两类;介绍该技术在粗颗粒粉体材料、复合材料、多孔材料、功能材料和粉末冶金等领域的应用研究情况;探讨凝胶注模成型技术存在的问题和研究发展方向。     

平板类气体辅助注射成型产品的CAE模拟研究

通过建立具有代表性的平板类气体辅助注射成型产品模型,借助注塑成型CAE软件Moldflow对该模型进行了一系列分析模拟。通过对模拟结果数据的综合分析和数学处理,得到了气体注射参数对气道穿透长度的影响规律、气体注射参数设置及气道穿透长度预测公式。     

An ab initio study of Ti-Y-O nanocluster energetics in nanostructured ferritic alloys

So-called oxide dispersion strengthened steels or nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs) contain nanoprecipitates which give them exceptional mechanical properties and resistance to radiation effects. However, the structure and composition of these nanoprecipitates are still uncertain. To help clarify the nature of the smallest nanoprecipitates, density functional theory calculations are used to investigate the most stable Ti, Y, and O nanocluster computational units in Fe. Two distinct methods for searching for stable nanoclusters are proposed: one in which nanoclusters are restricted to the body-centered cubic Fe lattice and one in which the nanocluster structures are strained variants of bulk Ti and Y oxides. We discovered that nanoclusters that are structurally similar to bulk Ti and Y oxides are significantly more stable than nanoclusters that are restricted to the Fe lattice. Consequently, the most stable nanoprecipitates in Ti-Y-O NFAs are more likely to be small oxide phases than coherent solute-enriched clusters.     

筒形件强力旋压变形机理的有限元分析

本文通过建立筒形件强力旋压的力学模型,运用三维弹塑性有限元对强力旋压过程进行了计算,得到了旋压过程的应力场和应变场分布。在此基础上,对筒形件强力旋压的变形机理进行了分析,并将计算结果与实测结果进行了比较,两者吻合较好     

2219铝合金不同气氛下TIG焊焊接接头组织性能

为研究氦弧TIG焊焊缝质量,对比分析了2219铝合金氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊缝成形及组织性能.结果表明,在背部熔宽相同的条件下,氦弧TIG焊焊缝正面熔宽、下塌量及热影响区宽度均小于氩弧TIG焊,氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊缝的微观组织及第二相组织基本相似,焊缝区晶粒为等轴晶,热影响区晶粒为粗大的板条状,组织为粗大的α铝基体与金属间化合物Al₂Cu及少量的共晶组织,焊缝区的第二相组织明显多于热影响区,无法发挥弥散强化的作用.氦弧TIG焊与氩弧TIG焊焊接接头的断裂方式均为韧性断裂,抗拉强度基本保持一致,氦弧TIG焊焊接接头的断裂总延伸率高于氩弧TIG焊,维氏硬度高于氩弧TIG焊焊缝的硬度.     

Suspension and solution thermal spray coatings

The emerging methods of coating deposition by suspension and solution thermal spraying are described. The liquid suspensions of fine powders and liquid precursors are injected into flames and/or jets generated in the torches. The formulation and stability of suspensions as well as the methods of fine powders synthesis are briefly described. Typical solutions, being often the liquid organo-metallics are also briefly described. An important problem of injection of liquids into jets and flames is then presented. Two principal modes of injection, used at present, are outlined, i.e.: (i) atomization; and, (ii) injection of a continuous jet. Subsequently, the phenomena occurring in flames and plasma jets are discussed and the major differences to these occurring during conventional spraying are stressed up. The build up of coatings starting from the impact of fine particles on the substrate is described and typical microstructures of suspension and solution sprayed coatings are shown. Some properties of the sprayed coatings, including mechanical, electrical, chemical, and thermophysical ones are collected and presented. Finally, the emerging applications of coatings are shown and the possible future applications are discussed.     

Rupture locations of friction stir welded joints of AA2017-T351 and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloys

The tensile rupture locations of friction stir welded joints of AA2017-T351 and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloys were examined. The experiments show that the rupture locations of the joints are different for the two aluminum alloys, which are influenced by the welding parameters. When the joints are free of welding defects, the AA2017-T351 joints are ruptured in the weld nugget adjacent to the thermo-mechanically affected zone on the advancing side and the rupture surfaces appear as oval contours of the weld nugget, while the AA6061-T6 joints are ruptured in the heat affected zone on the retreating side and the rupture surfaces are inclined at a certain degree to the bottom surfaces of the joints. When welding defects are present in the joints, the AA2017-T351 joints are ruptured in the weld center, while the AA6061-T6 joints are ruptured on the retreating side near the weld center. The rupture locations of the joints are dependent on the internal structures of the joints and can be explained through them.