基于钹式压电阵列的新型引信发电装置设计制作及试验测试

针对现有引信冲击式压电发电机电能输出小、发电时间短等问题,设计制作了一种基于钹式压电换能器阵列的新型引信发电装置。将压电发电理论与振动理论相结合建立了其发电模型,并利用所构建的冲击试验装置模拟弹药发射环境,对其发电能力进行了测试。研究结果表明,该发电装置能有效收集发射环境中的冲击能,并利用质量弹簧组件及钹式换能器阵列将其转换为持续的电能输出。当冲击加载为209.05 g时,其电能输出时间达到2.499 s。     

气动柔性带压电发电机

针对现有电源体积大不能满足子弹药引信要求的问题,提出一种气动柔性带压电发电机。该发电机为带状,用导电胶将PVDF压电薄膜粘接在钛合金基底上,一端固定在子弹上,占用体积极小,在子弹下落时产生的迎面气流激励下振动发电。理论分析与实验表明:该发电机能够满足子弹机电引信电能需求,理论谐振频率与实验测得的谐振频率相近,不同基底发电机产生的开路电压有很大的差别。     

子弹药引信发展探讨

本文简要介绍了子弹药引信发展情况、分析了目前子弹药引信存在的问题和原因,同时对子弹药引信实现自毁的技术关键、途径进行了探讨,最后提出了发展子弹药引信的几点建议。     

基于转子继续转动的安全状态可恢复隔爆机构

针对子母弹在使用过程中存在未爆弹的问题,在力求解决瞎火子弹药造成的安全隐患的基础上,开展了关于子弹药引信自失效的研究。提出了一种控制引信恢复安全状态的途径,基于转子继续转动的安全状态可恢复隔爆机构。以火箭发射的子弹药引信为研究平台,结合子弹药引信机电式自主恢复隔爆机构的相关理论,对引信机构进行改进,通过对该试验样本进行静、动态测试,并针对试验中引信机构出现的问题进行改进,使得该引信机构能够可靠地实现自主恢复隔爆功能。     

一种适用于子弹药引信的预储能 离心作用机构的设计与分析

针对联合国对子弹药未爆弹率及功能的要求,结合国内子弹药引信的发展现状,提出了对原有子弹药引信进行机械结构改进的方案。结合子弹药引信的结构特点及其工作环境特点,设计了一种预储能离心作用机构,并对其作用原理和作用过程进行了详细阐述。对该机构进行受力分析,按子弹药工作过程分阶段对其进行了可靠性计算和动力学仿真。计算和仿真结果表明,预储能离心作用机构能够可靠作用,达到了设计目的。     

集束子弹药引信自失效、自失能技术路线及典型设计可靠度分析

分析了集束子弹药引信自失效、自失能可采取的技术路线;重点介绍了2 种典型的集束子弹药引信自失效路线;建立了一类集束子弹药引信可靠度模型;应用实验结果求解了引信各模块的可靠度,并应用Monte Carlo 法进行了综合发火率和自失效率仿真。实验和仿真结果说明:引信自毁/ 自失效模块的可靠度指标应高于发火装置的可靠度指标;多管火箭炮系统(MLRS)发射子弹药引信综合发火率较难达到99%;自失效率应单独考核。     

舰船携行弹药引信安全风险分析

针对舰船携行弹药引信使用特点,分析了舰船力学环境、电磁环境、热环境等典型影响因素及其效应,提出了舰船携行弹药引信存在的主要安全性问题,并给出了解决措施。     

子母弹子弹药引信自毁技术

对子弹药引信增加自毁模块，提高自毁作用率，是提高子弹药综合作用率减少未爆弹药的主要措施之一，也是世界各国子弹药引信技术的主要发展方向；火药定时自毁、电子定时自毁和机械即时自毁是其中主要三种自毁技术，应用也最为广泛。     

不依赖目标的引信自毁技术与发展建议

针对传统子弹药作用可靠性不能满足子弹药未爆弹率不高于1%要求的问题,提出了不依赖目标的引信自毁技术与发展建议。通过分析国内外子弹药发展现状,指出子弹药引信应加装"三自"(自毁、自失效或自失能)装置,特别是加装不依赖于目标的自毁机构,以使子弹药在复杂作战环境下满足联合国特定常规武器公约CCW的要求,并促进我国子弹药更新换代。     

机电引信碰击开关的电磁屏蔽方法

针对早期配用机电引信的弹药在电磁干扰时可能导致弹药出现弹道炸的问题,提出了利用电磁屏蔽罩对弹药进行屏蔽改进的方法。该方法可不改变原有弹药的内部机械结构和电路,采取在弹药的头部碰击开关加装电磁屏蔽罩来实现对弹药的屏蔽改进。试验表明,加装电磁屏蔽罩的弹药电磁屏蔽能力显著增强,提高了弹药抗电磁干扰的能力。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Design and Analysis of Test Schemes of Static Postponing Time on Shrapnels Used to Riot Control

The test scheme of static postponing time given in our actual national military test standard on shrapnels used to control riot is a nine-point test scheme on the combined action of three kinds of temperatures and three kinds of pressures,the consumed ammunitions are more excessive. Statistic analysis and tentative checkout about a lot of test data are done,feasibility gists are put forward for optimizing of the test design scheme. The optimizing design and data analysis of test scheme of the item are done by managing uniformity design theory, two scientific and reasonable six-point test schemes are confirmed. The feasibility and reliability of the optimizing design schemes put forward above are proved ulteriorly by test validating. The gained schemes not only have good design uniformity and little ammunition wastage and meet the test demand, but also have better forecast ability for the result data of other points using the mathematic models from the actual test points.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.     

Design and Simulation of TF and TA Controller for Missile

A nonlinear terrain following(TF) and terrain avoidance(TA) controller is proposed for missile control systems. Based on classical TF algorithm (adaptive angle method), a new method for TF controller is proposed by using angle of attack. A method of obtaining terrain outline data from digital elevation map (DEM) for TF control is discussed in order to save store space. A TA algorithm is proposed by using bank-to-turn technique. The block control model, which is suitable for backstepping design, is given for nonlinear model of missile. Making full use of the characteristics of the system and combining block control principle and backstepping technique, a robust controller design method is proposed. Uncertainties in every sub-block are allowed, and can be canceled by using the idea of nonlinear damping. It is proved that the state tracking errors are converged to a neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for the missile model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.     

Design of Non-fragile Satisfactory Estimator for Linear Continuous Perturbed Stochastic Systems

The design problem of non-fragile estimator is addressed for a class of perturbed linear continuous systems. The perturbations occur on the plant and estimator parameters. The estimator designed should force the error system to achieve the desired decay rate and force the steady error variance less than the specified upper bound irrdevancy of the admissible plant perturbations and estimator perturbations. Consistency problem of the decay rate with the variance upper bound is first considered via linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach. The solution of the estimator parameter under specifications to be consistent is then discussed. The consistency condition of specifications and estimator parameter solution are transformed to feasible or minimum problems subject to a set of LMI respectively. The method is illustrated by a numerical example.     

An Improved Scene-based Nonuniformity Correction Algorithm for Infrared Focal Plane Arrays Using Neural Networks

The improved scene-based adaptive nonuniformity correction （NUC） algorithms using a neural network （NNT） approach for infrared image sequences are presented and analyzed. The retlna-like neural networks using steepest descent model was the first proposed infrared focal plane arrays （IRFPA） nonuniformity compensation method, which can perform parameter estimation of the sensors over time on a frame by frame basis. To increase the strength and the robustness of the NNT algorithm and to avoid the presence of ghosting artifacts, some optimization techniques, including momentum term, regularization factor and adaptive learning rate, were executed in the parameter learning process. In this paper, the local median filtering result of Xij （ n ） is proposed as an alternative value of desired network output of neuron Xij （ n ）, denoted as Tij （ n ）, which is the local spatial average of Xij （ n ） in traditional NNT methods. Noticeably, the NUC algorithm is inter-frame adaptive in nature and does not rely on any statistical assumptions on the scene data in the image sequence. Applications of this algorithm to the simulated video sequences and real infrared data taken with PV320 show that the correction results of image sequence are better than that of using original NNT approach, especially for the short-time image sequences （several hundred frames） subjected to the dense impulse noises with a number of dead or saturated pixels.     

Piecewise Filter of Infrared Image Based on Moment Theory

The disadvantages of IR images mostly include high noise, blurry edge and so on. The characteristics make the existent smoothing methods ineffective in preserving edge, To solve this problem, a piecewise moment filter （PMF） is put forward. By using moment and piecewise linear theory, the filter can preserve edge. Based on the statistical model of random noise, a related-coefficient method is presented to estimate the variance of noise. The edge region and model are then detected by the estimated variance. The expectation of first-order derivatives is used in getting the reliable offset of edge. At last, a fast moment filter of double-stair edge model is used to gain the piecewise smoothing results and reduce the calculation. The experimental result shows that the new method has a better capability than other methods in suppressing noise and preserving edge.     

Bistatic Sonar Localization Based on Best Linear Unbiased Estimation

A best linear unbiased estimation （BLUE） algorithm for bistatic sonar localization is proposed. The Cramer-Rao bound for bistatic Sonar and the geometrical dilution of precision （GDOP） in different conditions are given. The simulation results show that the location accuracy of BLUE algorithm is higher than the weighted least square method.     

Research on Gear-broken Fault Diagnosis in a Tank Gearbox

A fault diagnosis method of working position gear in a tank gearbox is put forward based on simulating the fault of working position gear in an actual tank, extracting the envelope of vibration signal by Hilbert transformation amplitude demodulation method, and zooming the low-frequency band to envelope signal.